Botanical insecticides prescription for fish pest control and infestation free protein yield

The dry powders of four local species namely Piper guineense Schum and Thonn, Aframomum melegueta Schum, Zingiber officinale Rose; Capsicum annum Miller at three concentrations of 15g, 20g and 25g.kg were evaluated for their insecticidal effects against the larval of the dried fish weevil Demestes maculates Degeer. All the four species showed some effectiveness with P. guineense given a 100% mortality at the end of 72 hours at the three concentrations. The other species though gave less mortality were able to slow down the rate of development of the larvae to the adult siz

A Model Simulation of Temperature in Ilorin, Nigeria

Long time series of daily metrological data that are needed in various applications are not always available or appropriate for use at many locations. The temperature simulation model generated for the period of year 2000, 2001 and 2002 was evaluated. Its validity was tested on the monthly mean temperature for the year 2007 and 2008. Observed values and predicted values for the monthly mean temperature were tested graphically for the three years. Various statistical techniques such as descriptive statistics and correlation coefficient were employed to analyze the data. The mean and standard deviation for the observed and predicted values for the years under consideration were calculated and compared. The different in standard error between the observed value and predicted values for the monthly mean temperature is ± 0.01 and the correlation coefficient of 0.98 was obtained. This shows that the model can predict future monthly mean temperature in Ilorin with high accuracy. Keywords: Temperature, simulation model, correlation coefficient, statistical technique

Statistical Analysis of Optimum Phosphorous Fertilizer Requirement for Improved Yield Performance of Cowpea in Nigeria

This paper investigates optimum required amount of Phosphorous fertilizer  and optimal duration of maturity for cowpea. The study was conducted on a cowpea variety using randomized complete block design (RCBD) replicated three times. Appropriate Analysis of variance technique for the design type was used in collecting datasets on growth variables of the plant, using fixed effects, in an experiment conducted by the teaching and research farm of University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria in year 2010. Five quantitative and equally spaced levels of 0Kg/Ha, 30Kg/Ha, 60Kg/Ha, 90Kg/Ha and 120Kg/Ha respectively, of the fertilizer type were considered in the experiment. Measurements were taken on a number of variables namely, plant height (cm), number of branches, number of leaves, number of flowers  and number of pods of cowpea. The datasets were inspected for homogeneity of variances using Bartlett’s and Fligner-Killeen’s tests respectively in the language R. The tests revealed that ANOVA assumption of homoscedasticity was not violated in the datasets except for cowpea height. Logarithmic transformation was performed on the dataset for cowpea height to correct for violation of homoscedasticity assumption. Shapiro-Wilk’s test of normality was conducted on the residuals of the ANOVA models for the various response variables. The results of the test revealed that ANOVA assumption of normally distributed residuals was not violated in the datasets. We also investigated presence of potential outliers in the datasets using standardized residuals. The results were adequately supported by residuals plot and normal quantile plot respectively. It was observed that minimum and maximum standardized residuals lie within  as expected. Phosphorous fertilizer level of 60Kg/Ha was found to be the most economically efficient and optimum for growing cowpea with the corresponding optimum yield from the 8th through the 11th week after planting. Keywords: RCBD, Phosphorous, fixed Effects, Shapiro-Wilk’s test, Fligner-Killeen’s test, Bartlett’s test, ANOVA, and

Experimentation And Modeling Of Infective Treatment And Recovery Of HIV Patients (A Case Study Of Kwara State)

The outbreak and spread of diseases have been studied for many years. The ability to make predictions about diseases could enable scientists to evaluate inoculation/vaccination or isolation plans and may have a significant effect on the mortality rate of a particular epidemic. Therefore this research experimentation and modeling of infective treatment and recovery of HIV patients (a case study of kwara state) will studynbspnbsp the rate at which people contact the HIV, investigate how many people a person can infect at a particular point in time. , develop model for male and female with HIV, develop estimating functions for such a model and determine the control measures and sensitivities to change in parameter. Regression analysis, Chi ndash square and SIR model were use to analyse the data. Result of the analysis using regression analysis give the fitted model Y= 12.302 + 0.00009X and Y= 13.077 + 0.00007X for male and Female respectively. The result shows that the fitted model is adequate and the rate at which people contact HIV is increasing. Also chi - square analysis revealed thatnbsp contacts ofnbsp HIV is not depend on gender and that there are differences in respondents health when taking drugs recommended by health workers. Further analysis using SIR model shows that there will likely be epidemic on HIV and that 29% of the male that have HIVnbsp must be treated to avoid epidemicsnbsp 9% of the female that have HIV must be treated to avoid epidemics. And we recommend that Health Planner should administer enough drugsnbspnbsp to HIV patient on regular basis and Health Planner should educate people more on HIV and the preventive measure should be thought

Androgenic profiles in HIV-infected male patients on highly active anti-retroviral therapy: could this be a threat to fertility?

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the Serum Androgenic Profiles of HIV-infected Male Patients on Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy and those not on Active Antiretroviral Therapy in Specialist Hospital Sokoto, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: One hundred and thirty-five HIV-infected male patients were evaluated in the Department of Medicine, Specialist Hospital Sokoto Nigeria from July 2017 to March 2018 using history, baseline investigations, and CD4counts. Free testosterone, luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) were measured using an overnight fasting serum sample. Patients were divided into three groups (n=45); Group A= HIV-infected male patients on HAART, Group B = HIV-infected male treatment naive patients, and Group C= HIV-negative control subjects. Data were analysed using ANOVA and Chi-square tests and p≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant Results: The serum testosterone and CD4 counts were reduced in HIV-infected male patients on HAART and HAART naive compared to the negative control. The reduced testicular functions were substantiated by raised serum LH and FSH in HIV-infected male patients on HAART (p < 0.05) compared to the negative control. Conclusions: HIV-infections associated with low CD4 counts even among patients on Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy may pose threat to male fertility. Keywords: HIV-infected Males; Hypogonadisms; Sokoto Nigeri

Analysis of Optimal Connected Designs Using Minimal Replicates

Minimizing type I and type II errors with appropriate sample sizes in order to have convincing conclusions often pose a great challenge to experimenter. REML and ML criteria are popular for estimating variance-covariance matrix. Which one to use might pose another challenge to an experimenter.nbsp Huge error has effect on experiment. How to get the best information on Incomplete Block Design experiment is the focus of this paper

International HRM Practices in Africa: The Implications of Chinese Firms Operating in Africa

The emerging literature on China–Africa cooperation has provided some insight into human resource management (HRM) and organisation studies. More research is therefore needed, and this necessitates a deeper comprehension of how Chinese MNCs’ development and their increasingly apparent strategic interest/intent and capabilities could be conceptualised with implications for HRM. Therefore, this chapter explores international HRM practices in Africa and the implications of Chinese firms operating on the continent. The chapter reviewed the extant literature that has examined Chinese operations in Africa and the emerging implications of these operations for HRM research and practice. Specifically, we found that while resource-seeking remains the primary motive for Chinese internalisation in Africa, these internalisational strategies tend to vary in different industries and may also be determined by MNCs’ ownership structure. Moreover, given the similar cultural attributes (Chinese Confucianism and African Ubuntu) and differences in labour participation, there appears to be a crossvergence of HRM practices in Chinese MNCs operating in Africa, as well as the different adaptive measures implemented by Chinese MNCs to maintain their internationalisation intent

International HRM Practices in Africa: The Implications of Chinese Firms Operating in Africa

The emerging literature on China–Africa cooperation has provided some insight into human resource management (HRM) and organisation studies. More research is therefore needed, and this necessitates a deeper comprehension of how Chinese MNCs’ development and their increasingly apparent strategic interest/intent and capabilities could be conceptualised with implications for HRM. Therefore, this chapter explores international HRM practices in Africa and the implications of Chinese firms operating on the continent. The chapter reviewed the extant literature that has examined Chinese operations in Africa and the emerging implications of these operations for HRM research and practice. Specifically, we found that while resource-seeking remains the primary motive for Chinese internalisation in Africa, these internalisational strategies tend to vary in different industries and may also be determined by MNCs’ ownership structure. Moreover, given the similar cultural attributes (Chinese Confucianism and African Ubuntu) and differences in labour participation, there appears to be a cross vergence of HRM practices in Chinese MNCs operating in Africa, as well as the different adaptive measures implemented by Chinese MNCs to maintain their internationalisation intent

Toxicity assessment of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles in different tissues

AbstractSuperparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) have been employed in several biomedical applications where they facilitate both diagnostic and therapeutic aims. Although the potential benefits of SPIONs with different surface chemistry and conjugated targeting ligands/proteins are considerable, complicated interactions between these nanoparticles (NPs) and cells leading to toxic impacts could limit their clinical applications. Hence, elevation of our knowledge regarding the SPION-related toxicity is necessary. Here, the present review article will consider current studies and compare the potential toxic effect of SPIONs with or without identical surface chemistries on different cell lines. It centers on cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying toxicity of SPIONs. Likewise, emphasis is being dedicated for toxicity of SPIONs in various cell lines, in vitro and animal models, in vivo