15 research outputs found
Physicochemical characteristics and pollen spectrum of some north-east Algerian honeys.
The qualities of seventeen honey samples harvested from the North-East areas of Algeria were evaluated by determining the pollen spectrum, pollen number quantity and physicochemical attributes. Pollen analysis can therefore be useful to determine the geographical and botanical origin of honeys. The following determinations were carried out: pH, density, acidity (free, lactone and total), moisture, electrical conductivity, hydroxymethylfurfural, diastase activity, apparent sucrose, and proteins.The results obtained in the present study show the variability of chemical composition of the honey samples. It proved that nine natural honeys are of blossoming origin; suitable for consumption and that one (T5 conferred Bougous) can be used with fine dietetics, it is very rich in pollen which is regarded as protein source. The remainder, eight honeys, were not in conformity with the International Regulatory Standards, their sugar contents (Sucrose) and hydroxymethylfurfural exceeded the InternationalRegulatory Standards Review by the International Honey Commission, this was probably due to use of syrup for the over-feeding the bees during the spring. The sample Bouhachana (G1) had high water content (more than 20%), low density and electrical conductivity higher than 5 μS/cm, which makes it likely to undergo fermentation and degradation. Honeys of Guerguour (T1), Boutheldja (T2) and Bouhadjar (T3) had pH lower than the European standards concerning the quality control of the foodstuffs (exp. honey). These samples are fragile; so we cannot preserve them for a long period. The palynological analysis (qualitative and quantitative) of the harvested samples in the area, showed the absence of a honey obtained from only one melliferous plant. All honeys are polyfloral exits of theseveral plant species visited by the worker bees during their blossoming periods. Three families are the most represented in the groups of pollen of accompaniment (the secondary pollen ranged between 16-45%) and the pollen considered as rare (minor pollen 3-15%) in the counted total number of the pollen grains in 10 grams of honey. These forager honey families are: Myrtaceae presented by the Eucalyptus, Papilionaceae presented by Hedysarum coronarium which is a forager plant characterized by a very vast surface of development, and Rosaceae represented byorchard and forest species.The pollen grain number counted in honeys is very significant (between 80 000 and 24 832 000pollen grain), what makes it possible to classify the samples analyzed among the categories rich in pollen
Effects of yellow mealworm larvae (Tenebrio molitor) and turmeric powder (curcuma) on laying hens performance, physical and nutritional eggs quality
peer reviewedSoybean meal is the main source of protein in laying hens’ diet that is generally imported. This study aims to explore the yellow mealworm larvae (Tenebrio molitor) “TM”, and curcuma effects on laying hens’ performances, and physical and nutritional eggs quality. One hundred laying hens were divided randomly into 4 groups. The first group (Control) received a standard commercial diet (SCD), while test groups (TM, TP, and TM-TP) received SCD with respectively 5% TM, 0.50 % curcuma, and 5% TM and 0.50% curcuma. According to the results, Control and TM reduced significantly hen’s bodyweight in the experiment end. However, the curcuma incorporation and TM (TP and TM-TP) kept the stability of bodyweight during the whole period. No effect of diet was observed on feed intake and egg laying rate. Diet had a significant effect on eggs physical parameters (weight, freshness, thickness and rupture force). The mixture of TM and curcuma permitted eggs with good physical parameters. For nutritional quality of eggs, all groups had the same content of ALA and DHA. However, eggs of group receiving a mixture of TM and curcuma had the lowest cholesterol content. Thus, TM and curcuma could reduce soybean importation dependence with improving eggs quality
Effect of feeding two-grain legumes, peas and faba beans, on egg quality and laying performances
Soymeal is now the main source of protein laying hens. This raw material is mainly produced abroad which makes Europe highly dependent on imports. A better protein autonomy could limit this economic impact and the environmental issue related to the cultivation of soybean. One of the options regularly studied over the past few decades to increase protein production in Europe is the cultivation of protein crops such as peas, faba beans and lupin. However, some inconvenient can limit their use in animal food as an alternative to soymeal, i.e., lower protein levels; presence of anti-nutritional factors; and non ideal amino acid profile. Therefore. te aim of this work was to assess the impact of using peas and faba beans as an alternative to soybean, on hens laying performances as well as on physical and nutritional eggs quality, including fatty acids profile. Two diets were tested, one containing only 22% of soymeal as proteins source (control group); and the second contains 45% of two leguminous plants (30% of peas and 15% faba beans) supplemented to 6% of soy meal. The egg-laying rate was significantly lower for the experimental group (51.79 vs. 60.63 %, p 0.05) was found concerning physical (egg weight, weight, shell weight and weight, shell thickness and strength), and nutritional parameters (cholesterol and essential fatty acids).La harina de soja es ahora la principal fuente de gallinas ponedoras de proteínas. Esta materia prima se produce principalmente en el extranjero, lo que hace que Europa dependa en gran medida de las importaciones. Una mejor autonomía proteica podría limitar este impacto económico y la cuestión ambiental relacionada con el cultivo de soja. Una de las opciones estudiadas regularmente en las últimas décadas para aumentar la producción de proteínas en Europa es el cultivo de cultivos proteicos como guisantes, habas de faba y lupin. Sin embargo, algunos inconvenientes pueden limitar su uso en alimentos animales como alternativa a la harina de soja, es decir, niveles más bajos de proteínas; presencia de factores anti-nutricionales; y perfil de aminoácidos no ideal. por lo tanto. El objetivo de este trabajo era evaluar el impacto del uso de guisantes y frijoles faba como alternativa a la soja, en las prestaciones de puesta de gallinas, así como en la calidad de los huevos físicos y nutricionales, incluido el perfil de ácidos grasos. Se probaron dos dietas, una que contiene sólo el 22% de la harina de soja como fuente de proteínas (grupo de control); y la segunda contiene el 45% de dos plantas leguminosas (30% de guisantes y 15% de habas de faba) complementadas al 6% de la harina de soja. La tasa de puesta de huevos fue significativamente menor para el grupo experimental (51,79 frente a 60,63 %, p 0,05) con respecto al físico (peso del huevo, peso, peso y peso de la cáscara, grosor y fuerza de la cáscara), y parámetros nutricionales (colesterol y ácidos grasos esenciale
Physicochemical Characteristics And Pollen Spectrum Of Some North-East Algerian Honeys
The qualities of seventeen honey samples harvested from the North-East
areas of Algeria were evaluated by determining the pollen spectrum,
pollen number quantity and physicochemical attributes. Pollen analysis
can therefore be useful to determine the geographical and botanical
origin of honeys. The following determinations were carried out: pH,
density, acidity (free, lactone and total), moisture, electrical
conductivity, hydroxymethylfurfural, diastase activity, apparent
sucrose, and proteins. The results obtained in the present study show
the variability of chemical composition of the honey samples. It proved
that nine natural honeys are of blossoming origin; suitable for
consumption and that one (T5 conferred Bougous) can be used with fine
dietetics, it is very rich in pollen which is regarded as protein
source. The remainder, eight honeys, were not in conformity with the
International Regulatory Standards, their sugar contents (Sucrose) and
hydroxymethylfurfural exceeded the International Regulatory Standards
Review by the International Honey Commission, this was probably due to
use of syrup for the over-feeding the bees during the spring. The
sample Bouhachana (G1) had high water content (more than 20%), low
density and electrical conductivity higher than 5 µS/cm, which
makes it likely to undergo fermentation and degradation. Honeys of
Guerguour (T1), Boutheldja (T2) and Bouhadjar (T3) had pH lower than
the European standards concerning the quality control of the foodstuffs
(exp. honey). These samples are fragile; so we cannot preserve them for
a long period. The palynological analysis (qualitative and
quantitative) of the harvested samples in the area, showed the absence
of a honey obtained from only one melliferous plant. All honeys are
polyfloral exits of the several plant species visited by the worker
bees during their blossoming periods. Three families are the most
represented in the groups of pollen of accompaniment (the secondary
pollen ranged between 16-45%) and the pollen considered as rare (minor
pollen 3-15%) in the counted total number of the pollen grains in 10
grams of honey. These forager honey families are: Myrtaceae presented
by the Eucalyptus, Papilionaceae presented by Hedysarum coronarium
which is a forager plant characterized by a very vast surface of
development, and Rosaceae represented by orchard and forest species.The
pollen grain number counted in honeys is very significant (between 80
000 and 24 832 000pollen grain), what makes it possible to classify the
samples analyzed among the categories rich in pollen
Ponte et qualité d’oeufs de cailles élevées en conditions semi intensives dans l’est algérien
This work investigates laying performances
and egg quality of 200 quails during 266 laying
days. The first collected 240 eggs, for the periods:
12, 16, 20, 24, 28, 32, 36, 40, 44 weeks were used
in this study. The average laying rate calculated
over a period of 37 weeks is 74.44 %. All studied
eggs quality parameters were significantly
(p<0.001) influenced by the age of the quail. The
average weight of the whole egg (13.66 g), yolk
(3.99 g) and shell (2.28 g) reach their maximum
value at the 40 th week. The maximum albumen
average weight (7.45 g) was observed at 32 nd
week. Albumen (12.02) and yolk (48.72) indices
recorded their highest values at the 12 th and the
16 th weeks, respectively. The eggs freshness,
expressed here by Haugh units decreased with
age. They range from 89.56 at the 12 th week to
83.71 at the 44 th week of age. Yolk color registered
values with irregular fluctuations (7.12 to 9.33) in
a colorimetric scale of 15 ladders. Highly significant
and positive correlations (p<0.001) and were
recorded between the whole egg weight and the
weight of albumen, yolk and shell. To conclude, the
quail age affects significantly the various egg
quality parameters.Le présent travail propose une évaluation des
performances de ponte et de la qualité des œufs
de cailles. Pour cette étude, les oeufs de 200
cailles ont été récoltés toutes les 4 semaines à
partir de la 12 ème semaine d'âge jusque la 44 ème
semaine d'âge. Pour chaque période de récolte,
les 240 premiers oeufs ont été pris en compte. Le
taux de ponte moyen calculé sur une période de
37 semaines est de 74,44 %. Tous les paramètres
de qualité d'oeufs étudiés ont été significativement
(p<0,001) influencés par l'âge des cailles. Les
poids moyens de l'œuf entier (13,66 g), du jaune
(3,99 g) et de la coquille (2,28 g) atteignent leurs
valeurs maximales à la 40 ème semaine. Le poids
moyen du blanc arrive à sa valeur maximale de
7,45 gr à la 32 ème semaine. Les indices du blanc
(12,02) et du jaune (48,72) ont présenté leurs
valeurs maximales respectivement à la 12 ème et à
la 16 ème semaine d'âge. La fraicheur des oeufs, ex-
primée par les unités d'Haugh diminue avec l'âge.
Elle passe de 89,56 Unités d'Haugh (UH) à la
12 ème semaine d'âge à 83,71 UH à la 44 ème semaine
d'âge. La couleur du jaune présente des valeurs
avec des fluctuations irrégulières (7,12 à 9,33)
selon une échelle colorimétrique de 15 échelles
(l'éventail DSM de couleurs du jaune de l'oeuf). En
conclusion, l'âge influence significativement les
différents paramètres de qualité de l'oeuf de caille
Biocontrol and Plant Growth Promotion Characterization of Bacillus Species Isolated from Calendula officinalis Rhizosphere
The phenotypic and genotypic diversity of the plant growth promoting Bacillus genus have been widely investigated in the rhizosphere of various agricultural crops. However, to our knowledge this is the first report on the Bacillus species isolated from the rhizosphere of Calendula officinalis. 15 % of the isolated bacteria were screened for their important antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporum, Botrytis cinerea, Aspergillus niger, Cladosporium cucumerinium and Alternaria alternata. The bacteria identification based on 16S r-RNA and gyrase-A genes analysis, revealed strains closely related to Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, B. velezensis, B. subtilis sub sp spizezenii and Paenibacillus polymyxa species. The electro-spray mass spectrometry coupled to liquid chromatography (ESI-LC MS) analysis showed that most of the Bacillus isolates produced the three lipopeptides families. However, the P. polymyxa (18SRTS) didn't produce any type of lipopeptides. All the tested Bacillus isolates produced cellulase but the protease activity was observed only in the B. amyloliquefaciens species (9SRTS). The Salkowsky colorimetric test showed that the screened bacteria synthesized 6-52 μg/ml of indole 3 acetic acid. These bacteria produced siderophores with more than 10 mm wide orange zones on chromazurol S. The greenhouse experiment using a naturally infested soil with Sclerotonia sclerotiorum showed that the B. amyloliquefaciens (9SRTS) had no significant (P > 0.05) effect on the pre-germination of the chickpea seeds. However, it increased the size of the chickpea plants and reduced the stem rot disease (P < 0.05).These results suggested that the Bacillus strains isolated in this work may be further used as bioinoculants to improve the production of C. officinalis and other crop systems. © 2013 Association of Microbiologists of India