10 research outputs found
SPACE: 3D Parallel Solvers for Vlasov-Maxwell and Vlasov-Poisson Equations for Relativistic Plasmas with Atomic Transformations
A parallel, relativistic, three-dimensional particle-in-cell code SPACE has
been developed for the simulation of electromagnetic fields, relativistic
particle beams, and plasmas. In addition to the standard second-order
Particle-in-Cell (PIC) algorithm, SPACE includes efficient novel algorithms to
resolve atomic physics processes such as multi-level ionization of plasma
atoms, recombination, and electron attachment to dopants in dense neutral
gases. SPACE also contains a highly adaptive particle-based method, called
Adaptive Particle-in-Cloud (AP-Cloud), for solving the Vlasov-Poisson problems.
It eliminates the traditional Cartesian mesh of PIC and replaces it with an
adaptive octree data structure. The code's algorithms, structure, capabilities,
parallelization strategy and performances have been discussed. Typical examples
of SPACE applications to accelerator science and engineering problems are also
presented.Comment: 12 pages, 7 figure
Selective Differential Privacy for Language Modeling
With the increasing applications of language models, it has become crucial to
protect these models from leaking private information. Previous work has
attempted to tackle this challenge by training RNN-based language models with
differential privacy guarantees. However, applying classical differential
privacy to language models leads to poor model performance as the underlying
privacy notion is over-pessimistic and provides undifferentiated protection for
all tokens in the data. Given that the private information in natural language
is sparse (for example, the bulk of an email might not carry personally
identifiable information), we propose a new privacy notion, selective
differential privacy, to provide rigorous privacy guarantees on the sensitive
portion of the data to improve model utility. To realize such a new notion, we
develop a corresponding privacy mechanism, Selective-DPSGD, for RNN-based
language models. Besides language modeling, we also apply the method to a more
concrete application--dialog systems. Experiments on both language modeling and
dialog system building show that the proposed privacy-preserving mechanism
achieves better utilities while remaining safe under various privacy attacks
compared to the baselines. The data and code are released at
https://github.com/wyshi/lm_privacy to facilitate future research .Comment: NAACL 202
PL - 021 The research of High temperature exercise under different humidity environment effect on the body of water and salt metabolism
Objective Objective: This study was to investigate the body under high temperature (33 â) with different relative humidity (80%, 50%, 20%) combination of environment, respectively for 20 min 60% VO2max individual strength of quiet before and after the exposure of movement and under the same conditions, by measuring the participants within the body weight, serum sex hormone of blood, blood Na+ăK+, Na+ăK+ concentration in the urine of change, to explore in the sports stress and thermal stress of two kinds of stimulating the body water and salt metabolism characteristics, and to explore the effects of environmental humidity on the body's homeostasis.
Methods Methods: This study selected 12 students of sports training major from Beijing sports university as subjects, with themselves as the control. The experiment is divided into six categories, respectively: high temperature 33â and 20% RH exposure group, the high temperature 33â and 20% RH campaign group, high temperature 33âand 50% RH exposure group, the high temperature 33â and 50% RH campaign group, high temperature 33â and 80% RH exposure group and high temperature 33â and 80% RH. In this study all the environmental temperature are set up to 33â, exercise intensity level of 60% VO2max selection for individual participants. Before every experiment, all participants were asked to quiet sit for 20 min and then measure the subjects' body weight, charge the subjects' vein blood and urine, take the same operation immediately after the experiment. Blood samples were stored at room temperature for 1 h, and 3000r/min was centrifuged for 20min. Serums were gathered through centrifugation, The urine and Serums were partial shipments in tube to be indicators of measurement. Serum ReninăANGIIăALDăADHăANPăNa+ăK+ concentration of serum and urine were tested
Results Results: (1)The subjects' weight loss percentage of exercise group was obviously higher than that of quiet exposure group, the difference is statistically significant (P < 0.01); In 80% RH environment weight loss percentage is significantly higher than that of 50% RH and 20% RH values (P < 0.01).There is no difference between 20%RH and 50%RH. (2) The exercise group of Renin, ANGII, ALD, ADH, concentration is significantly higher than the value of exposed group (P < 0.01), but the ANP concentrations were significantly lower than pure quiet exposure levels (P < 0.01).
Conclusions Conclusions: (1) The body sweat more after exercise than just quiet exposed in high temperature, weight loss phenomenon more obvious; And with the increase of relative humidity environment, dehydration will more serious. (2) Exercise factors can significantly promote the release of blood Renin, ANGII, ALD, ADH and inhibit the release of ANP in the blood. By the way of strengthening the absorption process of water and ions, it can maintain the body's balance of water and ions
Extraction, Purification, Structural Characteristics, Health Benefits, and Application of the Polysaccharides from <i>Lonicera japonica</i> Thunb.: A Review
Lonicera japonica Thunb. is a widely distributed plant with ornamental, economic, edible, and medicinal values. L. japonica is a phytoantibiotic with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity and a potent therapeutic effect on various infectious diseases. The anti-diabetic, anti-Alzheimerâs disease, anti-depression, antioxidative, immunoregulatory, anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, anti-gout, and anti-alcohol-addiction effects of L. japonica can also be explained by bioactive polysaccharides isolated from this plant. Several researchers have determined the molecular weight, chemical structure, and monosaccharide composition and ratio of L. japonica polysaccharides by water extraction and alcohol precipitation, enzyme-assisted extraction (EAE) and chromatography. This article searched in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia, Flora of China, Web of Science, PubMed, and CNKI databases within the last 12 years, using âLonicera. japonica polysaccharidesâ, âLonicera. japonica Thunb. polysaccharidesâ, and âHoneysuckle polysaccharidesâ as the key word, systematically reviewed the extraction and purification methods, structural characteristics, structure-activity relationship, and health benefits of L. japonica polysaccharides to provide insights for future studies. Further, we elaborated on the potential applications of L. japonica polysaccharides in the food, medicine, and daily chemical industry, such as using L. japonica as raw material to make lozenges, soy sauce and toothpaste, etc. This review will be a useful reference for the further optimization of functional products developed from L. japonica polysaccharides
Proteomic and Mutant Analysis of Hydrogenase Maturation Protein Gene <i>hypE</i> in Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation of <i>Mesorhizobium huakuii</i>
Hydrogenases catalyze the simple yet important redox reaction between protons and electrons and H2, thus mediating symbiotic interactions. The contribution of hydrogenase to this symbiosis and anti-oxidative damage was investigated using the M. huakuii hypE (encoding hydrogenase maturation protein) mutant. The hypE mutant grew a little faster than its parental 7653R and displayed decreased antioxidative capacity under H2O2-induced oxidative damage. Real-time quantitative PCR showed that hypE gene expression is significantly up-regulated in all the detected stages of nodule development. Although the hypE mutant can form nodules, the symbiotic ability was severely impaired, which led to an abnormal nodulation phenotype coupled to a 47% reduction in nitrogen fixation capacity. This phenotype was linked to the formation of smaller abnormal nodules containing disintegrating and prematurely senescent bacteroids. Proteomics analysis allowed a total of ninety differentially expressed proteins (fold change > 1.5 or p supplying energy and electrons, in bacterial detoxification, and in the control of bacteroid differentiation and senescence
Extraction, Purification, Structural Characteristics, Biological Activities, and Applications of the Polysaccharides from <i>Zingiber officinale</i> Roscoe. (Ginger): A Review
Zingiber officinale Roscoe. (ginger) is a widely distributed plant with a long history of cultivation and consumption. Ginger can be used as a spice, condiment, food, nutrition, and as an herb. Significantly, the polysaccharides extracted from ginger show surprising and satisfactory biological activity, which explains the various benefits of ginger on human health, including anti-influenza, anti-colitis, anti-tussive, anti-oxidant, anti-tumor effects. Here, we systematically review the major studies on the extraction and purification of polysaccharides from ginger in recent years, the characterization of their chemical structure, biological activity, and structureâactivity relationships, and the applications of ginger polysaccharides in different fields. This article will update and deepen the understanding of ginger polysaccharide and provide a theoretical basis for its further research and application in human health and product development
Extraction, Purification, Structural Characteristics, Biological Activity and Application of Polysaccharides from <i>Portulaca oleracea</i> L. (Purslane): A Review
Portulaca oleracea L. (purslane) is a widely distributed plant with a long history of cultivation and consumption. Notably, polysaccharides obtained from purslane exhibit surprising and satisfactory biological activities, which explain the various benefits of purslane on human health, including anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antitumor, antifatigue, antiviral and immunomodulatory effects. This article systematically reviews the extraction and purification methods, chemical structure, chemical modification, biological activity and other aspects of polysaccharides from purslane collected in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia, Flora of China, Web of Science, PubMed, Baidu Scholar, Google Scholar and CNKI databases in the last 14 years, using the keywords âPortulaca oleracea L. polysaccharidesâ and âpurslane polysaccharidesâ. The application of purslane polysaccharides in different fields is also summarized, and its application prospects are also discussed. This paper provides an updated and deeper understanding of purslane polysaccharides, which will provide useful guidance for the further optimization of polysaccharide structures and the development of purslane polysaccharides as a novel functional material, as well as a theoretical basis for its further research and application in human health and manufacturing development
<i>Ratanasampil</i> (Tibetan Medicine, RNSP) Reduces <i>ÎČ</i>-Amyloid Protein (AÎČ) and Pro-Inflammatory Factor Levels and Improves Cognitive Functions in Mild-to-Moderate Alzheimerâs Disease (AD) Patients Living at High Altitude
La nouvelle orthodoxie de la recherche sur lâhistoire soviĂ©tique Ă©vite soigneusement de parler de rĂ©sistance au rĂ©gime stalinien. RĂ©sistance, dit-on, implique une personnalitĂ© autonome par rapport au rĂ©gime. Or les citoyens de lâURSS auraient Ă©tĂ© incapables de garder une distance par rapport aux normes fixĂ©es par lâĂtat. Il leur manquait un point dâappui au-delĂ du systĂšme. Le concept de rĂ©sistance est un piĂšge pour le chercheur, car il suppose lâhypothĂšse improbable dâun sujet capable dâintĂ©..