Dual Logic Concepts based on Mathematical Morphology in Stratified Institutions: Applications to Spatial Reasoning

Several logical operators are defined as dual pairs, in different types of logics. Such dual pairs of operators also occur in other algebraic theories, such as mathematical morphology. Based on this observation, this paper proposes to define, at the abstract level of institutions, a pair of abstract dual and logical operators as morphological erosion and dilation. Standard quantifiers and modalities are then derived from these two abstract logical operators. These operators are studied both on sets of states and sets of models. To cope with the lack of explicit set of states in institutions, the proposed abstract logical dual operators are defined in an extension of institutions, the stratified institutions, which take into account the notion of open sentences, the satisfaction of which is parametrized by sets of states. A hint on the potential interest of the proposed framework for spatial reasoning is also provided.Comment: 36 page

Belief Revision, Minimal Change and Relaxation: A General Framework based on Satisfaction Systems, and Applications to Description Logics

Belief revision of knowledge bases represented by a set of sentences in a given logic has been extensively studied but for specific logics, mainly propositional, and also recently Horn and description logics. Here, we propose to generalize this operation from a model-theoretic point of view, by defining revision in an abstract model theory known under the name of satisfaction systems. In this framework, we generalize to any satisfaction systems the characterization of the well known AGM postulates given by Katsuno and Mendelzon for propositional logic in terms of minimal change among interpretations. Moreover, we study how to define revision, satisfying the AGM postulates, from relaxation notions that have been first introduced in description logics to define dissimilarity measures between concepts, and the consequence of which is to relax the set of models of the old belief until it becomes consistent with the new pieces of knowledge. We show how the proposed general framework can be instantiated in different logics such as propositional, first-order, description and Horn logics. In particular for description logics, we introduce several concrete relaxation operators tailored for the description logic \ALC{} and its fragments \EL{} and \ELext{}, discuss their properties and provide some illustrative examples

Relationships Among Trait Mindfulness, Self-Compassion, and Compassion Fatigue in Mental Health Professionals Working with Clients with a Terminal Illness

This quantitative study explores the relationships among trait mindfulness, self-compassion, and compassion fatigue (CF) in mental health professionals working with clients with a terminal illness. The Five-Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ), Self-Compassion Scale, and Quality of Life Version 5 were used to explore these facets through linear multiple regression analysis. The Reactions to Research Participation Questionnaire–Revised was used to explore the cost–benefit ratio based on participant perceptions of the research experience. Participants (N = 43) self-selected from emailed invitations sent to members of professional organizations. Data was analyzed using multiple linear regression. Significant correlations included individual relationships between elevated trait mindfulness levels, self-compassion levels, percentage of session content focused on a client’s terminal illness, and FFMQ nonjudge subscale scores with lower CF levels. Additional outcomes also identified significant support for a correlation between higher FFMQ observe subscale scores with higher CF levels, and a moderating effect from gender in the correlation between trait mindfulness and CF levels. Generally, participants reported perceived benefits outweighed perceived costs of contributing to this project. Results warrant additional research to explore significant findings and potential intervention strategies for bolstering trait mindfulness and self-compassion levels among mental health professionals working with clients with a terminal illness

A logic for complex computing systems: Properties preservation along integration and abstraction

International audienceIn a previous paper, we defined both a unified formal framework based on L.-S. Barbosa's components for modeling complex software systems, and a generic formalization of integration rules to combine their behavior. In the present paper, we propose to continue this work by proposing a variant of first-order fixed point modal logic to express both components and systems requirements. We establish the important property for this logic to be adequate with respect to bisimulation. We then study the conditions to be imposed to our logic (characterization of sub-families of formulas) to preserve properties along integration operators, and finally show correctness by construction results. The complexity of computing systems results in the definition of formal means to manage their size. To deal with this issue, we propose an abstraction (resp. simulation) of components by components. This enables us to build systems and check their correctness in an incremental way

Modeling of Complex Systems II: A minimalist and unified semantics for heterogeneous integrated systems

International audienceThe purpose of this paper is to contribute to a unified formal framework for complex systems modeling. To this aim, we define a unified semantics for systems including integration operators. We consider complex systems as functional blackboxes (with internal states), whose structure and behaviors can be constructed through a recursive integration of heterogeneous components. We first introduce formal definitions of time (allowing to deal uniformly with both continuous and discrete times) and data (allowing to handle heterogeneous data), and introduce a generic synchronization mechanism for dataflows. We then define a system as a mathematical object characterized by coupled functional and states behaviors. This definition is expressive enough to capture the functional behavior of any real system with sequential transitions. We finally provide formal operators for integrating systems and show that they are consistent with the classical definitions of those operators on transfer functions which model real systems

A formal abstract framework for modelling and testing complex software systems

International audienceThe contribution of this paper is twofold: first, it defines a unified framework for modeling abstract components, as well as a formalization of integration rules to combine their behaviour. This is based on a coalgebraic definition of components, which is a categorical representation allowing the unification of a large family of formalisms for specifying state-based systems. Second, it studies compositional conformance testing i.e. checking whether an implementation made of correct interacting components combined with integration operators conforms to its specification

Développer la compétence éthique dans la formation médicale : pourquoi ? comment ?

L'éthique est de plus en plus considérée comme une dimension du professionnalisme médical et donc comme une compétence que les professionnels doivent développer pour être capable de revisiter les fondements, les finalités et les moyens de leur action, et ainsi se livrer à une pratique professionnelle plus critique, plus réflexive et plus responsable. Partant de ce constat, le but de cet article est d'explorer les implications pédagogiques de ce tournant pragmatique de l'éthique en médecine : un apprentissage réflexif et contextualisé, une articulation théorie/pratique et une plus grande ouverture aux sciences humaines et sociales. S’appuyant sur la présentation d’un dispositif de formation à l’éthique et aux SHS en médecine actuellement expérimenté au sein de la Faculté Libre de Médecine et de Maïeutique de l’Université Catholique de Lille, cet article vise aussi à répondre à toute une série de questions : comment intégrer l’éthique et les Sciences Humaines et Sociales dans le curriculum de médecine ? Quels projets et dispositifs pédagogiques peut-on proposer ? Comment accompagner l’apprentissage de l’éthique ? Sur ce point, l’article plaide pour une transformation des organisations du soin et de la formation médicale en environnements capacitants, qui créent les conditions favorables à l’apprentissage.Ethics is increasingly considered as a dimension of medical professionalism and as a competence which professionals need to develop in order to revisit the foundations, goals and means of their action, driving them to engage in a professional practice that is more critical, reflexive and responsible. From this statement, the goal of this article is to explore the pedagogical implications of this pragmatic turn of ethics in medicine: a reflective and situated learning, an articulation theory/practice, and a greater openness to social and human sciences. Through the presentation of an ethics training device and SHS in medicine currently experienced into the Faculty of Medicine and Maieutic of Université Catholique de Lille, this article also aims to answer a series of questions: how to integrate ethics and human and social sciences in the medical curriculum? What projects and teaching methods can be proposed? How to support ethics learning? On this point, the article calls for a transformation of organizations for the care and medical education in enabling environments that create the conditions for learning