Self-Trapping of Bose-Einstein Condensates in an Optical Lattice: the Effect of the System Dimension

In the present paper, we investigate the dynamics of a Bose-Einstein condensates (BEC) loaded into an deep optical lattice of 1D, 2D and 3D, both analytically and numerically. We focus on the self-trapping state and the effect of the system dimension. Under the tight-binding approximation we obtain an analytical criterion for the self-trapping state of BEC using time-dependent variational method. The phase diagram for self-trapping, soliton, breather, or diffusion of the BEC cloud is obtained accordingly and verified by directly solving the discrete Gross-Pitaevskii equation (GPE) numerically. In particular, we find that the criterion and the phase diagrams are modified dramatically by the dimension of the lattices.Comment: 8pages, 9 figure

Effect of corilagin on cerebral ischaemia/reperfusioninduced cerebral injury in a rat model

Purpose: To evaluate the neuroprotective effects of corilagin in cerebral ischaemia-induced cerebral injury in a rat model. Methods: Cerebral ischaemia was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). The animals were separated into five groups, including a control group that underwent surgery without inserting a monofilament; MCAO group that received saline; corilagin-treated group (20 mg/kg corilagin, intraperitoneally for 7 days after reperfusion); Tat-Beclin-1-treated group (intraperitoneal injection of 1.5mg/kg of Tat-Beclin-1 on the 3rd and 6th days after MCAO); and corilagin + Tat-Beclin-1-treated group (corilagin for 7 days and Tat-Beclin-1 on the 3rd and 6th days after MCAO). At the end of the treatments, neurological deficit, brain oedema, and volume of infarct were determined in all the animals. Moreover, the level of autophagy in infarcted tissues was evaluated by immunofluorescence, real-time PCR, and western blotting. Results: There was a significant decrease in neurological deficit, brain oedema, and volume of infarcted tissue in corilagin-treated group when compared with MCAO- and Tat-Beclin-1-treated groups. Treatment with corilagin attenuated the autophagy of astrocytes and neurons in cerebral infarcted tissue, as demonstrated by immunofluorescence, quantitative PCR, and western blotting data. Conclusion: Corlagin has a protective effect against neuronal damage in cerebral ischaemic rats by decreasing neurological deficit score, infarct volume, and water content of cerebral tissue. Corlagin attenuates autophagy in cerebral tissue, thus protecting cerebral ischaemic rats from neuronal damage. Keywords: Corilagin, Cerebral ischaemia, Autophagy, Tat-Beclin-1, Neronal damage, Astrocytes, Neurological deficit score, Infarct volum

Production of Exopolysaccharides from Submerged Culture of Antrodia Camphorata S-29

Antrodia camphorata is a unique mushroom of Taiwan, which has been used as a natural therapeutic ingredient in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) for protection of diverse health related conditions. Polysaccharides produced from A. camphorata have attracted much attention of research due to cytotoxic activity and miscellaneous activities. In this paper, we report on the fermentation conditions species-specific exopolysaccharides (EPS) from A. camphorata in submerged culture. A favorable medium for EPS production was obtained only by single-factor experiment, where Glucose and Yeast-Extracts were identified to be the most suitable carbon and nitrogen sources, with the concentration of 40 g/L and 5.0 g/L respectively. Zinc sulphate was identified to be the best salt source with the concentration of 0.4g/l. Initial pH and inoculum size for mycelial growth and EPS yield were 6.0 and 15% respectively. The maximum EPS production was 0.474 g/L in shake-flask culture, which is higher than the baseline media that was 0.351 g/L. This study provides the baseline information about production conditions for this specific specie which is crucial data to know before any further studies as it determines the properties and quantity of the desired produced specie. Keywords: A. camphorata; Exopolysaccharide; Sub­merged culture

Identifying Gut Microbiota Associated With Colorectal Cancer Using a Zero-Inflated Lognormal Model

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer worldwide. Its incidence is still increasing, and the mortality rate is high. New therapeutic and prognostic strategies are urgently needed. It became increasingly recognized that the gut microbiota composition differs significantly between healthy people and CRC patients. Thus, identifying the difference between gut microbiota of the healthy people and CRC patients is fundamental to understand these microbes' functional roles in the development of CRC. We studied the microbial community structure of a CRC metagenomic dataset of 156 patients and healthy controls, and analyzed the diversity, differentially abundant bacteria, and co-occurrence networks. We applied a modified zero-inflated lognormal (ZIL) model for estimating the relative abundance. We found that the abundance of genera: Anaerostipes, Bilophila, Catenibacterium, Coprococcus, Desulfovibrio, Flavonifractor, Porphyromonas, Pseudoflavonifractor, and Weissella was significantly different between the healthy and CRC groups. We also found that bacteria such as Streptococcus, Parvimonas, Collinsella, and Citrobacter were uniquely co-occurring within the CRC patients. In addition, we found that the microbial diversity of healthy controls is significantly higher than that of the CRC patients, which indicated a significant negative correlation between gut microbiota diversity and the stage of CRC. Collectively, our results strengthened the view that individual microbes as well as the overall structure of gut microbiota were co-evolving with CRC

Clincal Observation of Grouping Responsibility Model of Immersion foot nursing In Maternity Ward

目的：责任制护理是一种以病人为中心，在护理过程中运用医学、护理、心理、生理、社会等学科的知识，观察分析病人的全面健康情况，进行有计划和系统的护理，从而提高护理质量和护理人员的素质。引入浸足1号进行整体护理，观察其临床效果。方法：在产科实施分组责任制护理，可以使护士为病人提供连续、全程、无缝隙的护理服务。引入浸足1号护理分为试验组和对照组，使试验组患者增加了家的感觉，并促进了产妇体质的尽快恢复。结果：在实施过程中，我们改变了原来的排班模式，使病人在住院期间有固定的责任护士，增强了护士的责任心，调动了护士的积极性，加强了护患沟通，减少了护理差错和纠纷，提高了护理质量，同时把护士的被动服务变为了主动服务，大大提高了护理质量，促进了产妇康复进程，试验组与对照组比较，护理质量明显提高，统计学比较有显著差异，P<0.05。结论：引入浸足1号护理提高了病人、医生的满意度，提高了护士的自身价值。Objective: Nursing responsibility system is patient centered system, using medicine, nursing, psychology, social and other disciplines of knowledge in the process of nursing, observing and comprehensively analyzing the health condition of patient, proceeding with a systematic nursing plan, so as to improve the quality of nursing and nursing staff quality. Introduction of immersion foot 1 of holistic nursing care, to observe its clinical effect. Methods:The implementation of the system of grouping responsibility nursing in obstetrics, can enable nurses to provide continuous, full, and non-breaking nursing service for patients . Introduction of immersion foot 1 nurses were divided into experimental group and control group, the experimental group increases the feeling of home, which promote maternal physical recovery. Results:In the process of implementation, we changed the original scheduling model, so as to make the patient had the fixed nurses during hospitalization, to strengthen the responsibility of nurses, to arouse the enthusiasm of nurses, to strengthen communication between nurses and patients, to reduce nursing errors and disputes, to improve the quality of care. Meanwhile the nurses change passive service in order to active service, which greatly improved the quality of nursing and promoted maternal rehabilitation process. Compare the experimental group with control group, and significantly improved the quality of nursing, there was statistical significant difference between the groups P<0.05. Conclusion: Introduction of immersion foot 1 care improves patient, physician satisfaction, and the nurses' value

Mode of delivery and preterm birth in subsequent births: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Preterm birth continues to be an important problem in modern obstetrics and a large public health concern and is related to increased risk for neonatal morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to evaluate the data in the literature to determine the relationships between mode of delivery (cesarean section and vaginal birth) in the first pregnancy and the risk of subsequent preterm birth from a multi-year population based cohorts (PROSPERO registration number: 42018090788). Five electronic databases were searched. Observational studies that provided mode of delivery and subsequent preterm birth were eligible. Ten cohort studies, involving 10333501 women, were included in this study. Compared with vaginal delivery, women delivering by previous cesarean section had a significantly higher risk of preterm birth in subsequent births (RR 1.10, 95%CI 1.01-1.20). After adjusting confounding factors, there was still statistical significance (aRR 1.12, 95%CI 1.01-1.24). However, both before and after adjustment, there was no difference among very preterm birth (RR 1.14, 95%CI 0.90-1.43; aRR 1.16, 95%CI 0.80-1.68; respectively). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first systematic review and meta-analysis that suggests previous cesarean section could increase the risk of preterm birth in subsequent pregnancies. The result could provide policy makers, clinicians, and expectant parents to reduce the occurrence of unnecessary cesarean section