Causal associations of sleep traits with cancer incidence and mortality

To explore the correlation and causality between multidimensional sleep traits and pan-cancer incidence and mortality among patients with cancer. The multivariable Cox regression, linear and nonlinear Mendelian randomization (MR), and survival curve analyses were conducted to assess the impacts of chronotype, sleep duration, and insomnia symptoms on pan-cancer risk (N = 326,417 from United Kingdom Biobank) and mortality (N = 23,956 from United Kingdom Biobank). In the Cox regression, we observed a linear and J-shaped association of sleep duration with pan-cancer incidence and mortality among cancer patients respectively. In addition, there was a positive association of insomnia with pan-cancer incidence (HR, 1.03, 95% CI: 1.00–1.06, p = 0.035), all-cause mortality (HR, 1.17, 95% CI: 1.06–1.30, p = 0.002) and cancer mortality among cancer patients (HR, 1.25, 95% CI: 1.11–1.41, p < 0.001). In the linear MR, there was supporting evidence of positive associations between long sleep duration and pan-cancer incidence (OR, 1.41, 95% CI: 1.08–1.84, p = 0.012), and there was a positive association between long sleep duration and all-cause mortality in cancer patients (OR, 5.56, 95% CI: 3.15–9.82, p = 3.42E-09). Meanwhile, a strong association between insomnia and all-cause mortality in cancer patients (OR, 1.41, 95% CI: 1.27–1.56, p = 4.96E-11) was observed in the linear MR. These results suggest that long sleep duration and insomnia play important roles in pan-cancer risk and mortality among cancer patients. In addition to short sleep duration and insomnia, our findings highlight the effect of long sleep duration in cancer prevention and prognosis

Glycerol-Modified Binary Layered Double Hydroxide Nanocomposites for Uranium Immobilization via Extended X‑ray Absorption Fine Structure Technique and Density Functional Theory Calculation

Novel, efficient, glycerol-modified nanoscale layered double hydroxides (rods Ca/Al LDH-Gl and flocculent Ni/Al LDH-Gl) were successfully synthesized by a simple one-step hydrothermal synthesis route and showed excellent adsorption capacities for U­(VI) from aqueous solutions under various environmental conditions. The advanced spectroscopy analysis confirmed the existence of abundant oxygen-containing functional groups (e.g., C–O, O–CO, and CO) on the surfaces of Ca/Al LDH-Gl and Ni/Al LDH-Gl, which could provide enough free active sites for the binding of U­(VI). The maximum adsorption capacities of U­(VI) calculated from the Sips model were 266.5 mg·g^–1 for Ca/Al LDH-Gl and 142.3 mg·g^–1 for Ni/Al LDH-Gl at 298.15 K, and the higher adsorption capacity of Ca/Al LDH-Gl might be due to more functional groups and abundant high-activity “Ca–O” groups. Macroscopic experiments proved that the interaction of U­(VI) on Ca/Al LDH-Gl and Ni/Al LDH-Gl was due to surface complexation and electrostatic interactions. The extended X-ray absorption fine structure analysis confirmed that U­(IV) did not transformation to U­(VI) on solid particles, and stable inner-sphere complexes were not formed by reduction interaction but by chemical adsorption. The density functional theory (DFT) calculations further evidenced that the higher adsorption energies (i.e., <i>E</i>_ad = 4.00 eV for Ca/Al LDH-Gl-UO₂²⁺ and <i>E</i>_ad = 2.43 eV for Ca/Al LDH-Gl-UO₂CO₃) were mainly attributed to stronger hydrogen bonds and electrostatic interactions. The superior immobilization performance of Ca/Al LDH-Gl supports a potential strategy for decontamination of UO₂²⁺ from wastewater, and it may provide new insights for the efficient removal of radionuclides in environmental pollution cleanup