Concomitants of Upper Record Statistics for Bivariate Pseudo–Weibull Distribution

In this paper the Bivariate Pseudo–Weibull distribution has been defined as a compound distribution of two random variables to model the failure rate of component reliability. The distribution of r–th concomitant and joint distribution of r–th and s–th concomitant of record statistics of the resulting distribution have been derived. Single and product moments alongside the correlation coefficient have also been obtained. Recurrence relation for the single moments has also been obtained for the resulting distributions

Resource optimization‐based software risk reduction model for large‐scale application development

Software risks are a common phenomenon in the software development lifecycle, and risks emerge into larger problems if they are not dealt with on time. Software risk management is a strategy that focuses on the identification, management, and mitigation of the risk factors in the software development lifecycle. The management itself depends on the nature, size, and skill of the project under consideration. This paper proposes a model that deals with identifying and dealing with the risk factors by introducing different observatory and participatory project factors. It is as-sumed that most of the risk factors can be dealt with by doing effective business processing that in response deals with the orientation of risks and elimination or reduction of those risk factors that emerge over time. The model proposes different combinations of resource allocation that can help us conclude a software project with an extended amount of acceptability. This paper presents a Risk Reduction Model, which effectively handles the application development risks. The model can syn-chronize its working with medium to large‐scale software projects. The reduction in software failures positively affects the software development environment, and the software failures shall re-duce consequently. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland

Quasi 3D Finite Element Algorithm for Rotating Mixing Flows

The present research article presents numerical simulations of rotating of Newtonian fluid mixing flows in a cylindrical container through single rotating stirrer with agitator, where stirrer is located on the lid of container in concentric position. For this purpose a Quasi 3D (Three-Dimensional) FEA (Finite Element Algorithm) has been developed. The numerical algorithm is based on fractional stages semiimplicit Taylor-Galerkin/Pressure-Correction scheme. The simulation has been carried out to analyze the effects of agitator on mixing behavior. The numerical results show that Quasi 3D FEA is an accurate mathematical tool and able to achieve good results for flow structure in laminar regime

Internal Model Control (IMC)-Based Active and Reactive Power Control of Brushless Double-Fed Induction Generator with Notch Filter

The increase in demand for electricity and, in particular, green energy has put renewable energy systems at the focal point of energy policy worldwide. The higher reliability of brushless doubly fed induction generators (BDFIGs) makes them suitable for offshore and remote wind energy generation (WEG) applications. Besides, controlling the active and reactive powers in an electrical power system is critical for optimal voltage regulation, reduced power losses, and enhanced utilization of installed equipment. However, the existing literature on BDFIG’s active and reactive power control highlights the poor dynamic response and high transients with harmonic generation during inductive load insertion. It is because the Ziegler technique was employed to select PI gains, and the instantaneous reactive power theory was used to mitigate harmonics. Considering that, this paper proposes a vector control (VC) method for BDFIGs in wind turbines, in which the proportional-integral (PI) gains for internal model control (IMC) are optimized to improve the dynamic response of the active and reactive power during inductive load insertion. The proposed method reduces the complexity, time consumption, and uncertainty in making the optimal choice. In addition, to reduce a double fundamental frequency component to the point-of-common-coupling (PCC) voltage, the excellent characteristics of the notch filter are utilized in the grid-side converter (GSC)-based vector control scheme. The simulation results in MATLAB/ Simulink show that the proposed IMC-based vector control scheme with a notch filter provides satisfactory results with a minimum peak value compared to existing techniques

Prediction of Pressure Difference and Velocity Profile in Steady Flow through Axi-Symmetric Plaque Deposited Arteries

Numerical simulations of blood flow through plaque deposited arteries at different Reynolds numbers have been performed to investigate the impact of atherosclerosis on pressure drop and velocity profile at down stream. The predicated results are presented in terms of non-dimensional pressure isobars and velocity profiles at distinct Reynolds numbers and various levels of deposition at downstream of the artery segment. The scaled non-dimensional graph of pressure drop is also illustrated. The incompressible Navier-Stokes equation in the axi-symmetric frame of reference is solved numerically by employing FEM (Finite Element Method). Semi-implicit Taylor-Galerkin/pressure-correction scheme has been utilised to obtain steady state solutions. The effects of atherosclerosis on hemodynamic factors have been investigated. The results show that blockage disturbs the flow field in the wake of plaque deposited arteries and the trend of pressure and velocity is increasing as level of deposition or Reynolds number increases. The application of this research work can be utilised in the field of cardio vascular disease, design of device and further planning towards treatment

Prediction of Viscoelastic Behavior of Blood Flow in Plaque Deposited Capillaries

The paper investigates the viscoelastic behaviour of blood over low value of elasticity, to analyse the influence of inertia in the presence of elasticity. For viscoelastic fluids shear-thinning and strainsoftening PTT (Phan-Thien/Tanner) constitutive model is employed to identify the influence of elasticity. The computational method adopted is based on a finite element semi-implicit time stepping Taylor- Galerkin/pressure-correction scheme. Simulations are conducted via atherosclerotic vessels along with various percentages of deposition at distinct values of Reynolds numbers. The numerical simulations are performed for recirculation flow structure and development of recirculation length to investigate the impact of atherosclerosis on partially blocked plaque deposited vessels

Analytical Solutions of Viscoelastic Flow through Porous Channels

Viscoelastic flow in channel having transient hydrodynamic behavior, filled with and without porous medium is addressed. The boundary value problem is investigated through analytical and numerical solutions, for the governing system of partial differential equations, arising in the study for flow of viscoelastic fluids. Analytical solutions in terms of velocity, normal stress and shear stress at different values of time, viscosity and Darcy\'s number are obtained for constant viscosity Oldroyd-B constitutive model. Lie group technique is adopted to find solutions through symmetry of differential equations, whilst numerical solutions are realized by employing ND Solve, Mathematica Solver. Lie group technique is compared against numerical solutions by employing ND Solve, Mathematica Solver. The analytical solutions are observed in good agreement with the numerical solutions

A FEM Study for Non-Newtonian Behaviour of Blood in Plaque Deposited Capillaries: Analysis of Blood Flow Structure

Inelastic behaviour of blood is predicted by employing Power law and Carreau model along partially blocked capillaries. Numerical results for stream function have been computed for predicting the reattachment length and intensity in the capillaries at various levels of obstacle and inertia. The predicted results obtained by employing FEM (Finite Element Method) under semi-implicit Taylor-Galerkin/ pressure-correction scheme. The numerical results have been quantified in terms of reattachment length and intensity, which illustrates that their formation takes place in the downstream of a capillary segment and augment in length as increases inertia or obstacle level. The obtained results are match able with analytical results. This study is accommodating for developing devices related to heart diseases in futur

Stress Analysis of Mixing of Non-Newtonian Flows in Cylindrical Vessel Induced by Co-Rotating Stirrers

The impacts of rotational velocity and inertia on velocity gradients and stresses are addressed under present study. The non-Newtonian behaviour of inelastic rotating flows is predicted by employing Power law model. A numerical model has been developed for mixing flow within a cylindrical vessel along a couple of stirrers. A time marching FEM (Finite Element Method) is employed to predict the required solution. Predicted solutions are presented for minimum to maximum values in terms of contour plots of velocity gradients and shear stresses, over the range. The long term application of this research will be used to improve the design of mixers and processing products. The predicted results are used to generate the capability and are in good agreement with numerical results to the mixer design that will ultimately effect the processing of dough product