17,003 research outputs found
Results from the CDMS II Experiment
I report recent results and the status of the Cryogenic Dark Matter Search
(CDMS II) experiment at the Soudan Underground Laboratory in Minnesota, USA. A
blind analysis of data taken by 30 detectors between October 2006 and July 2007
found zero events consistent with WIMPs elastically scattering in our Ge
detectors. This resulted in an upper limit on the spin-independent,
WIMP-nucleon cross section of 6.6 x 10^-44 cm^2 (4.6 x 10^-44 cm^2 when
combined with our previous results) at the 90% C.L. for a WIMP of mass 60
GeV/c^2. In March 2009 data taking with CDMS II stopped in order to install the
first of 5 SuperTowers of detectors for the SuperCDMS Soudan project. Analysis
of data taken between August 2007 and March 2009 is ongoing.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures, to appear in the proceedings of the TAUP09
conference (Rome, July 1st-5th 2009
Biology and assessment of the painted sweetlips (Diagramma pictum (Thunberg, 1792)) and the spangled emperor (Lethrinus nebulosus (ForsskÄl, 1775)) in the southern Arabian Gulf
The population biology and status of the painted sweeplips (Diagramma pictum) and spangled emperor (Lethrinus nebulosus) in the southern Arabian Gulf were established by using a combination of size-frequency, biological, and size-at-age data. Transverse sections of sagittal otoliths were characterized by alternating translucent and opaque bands that were validated as annuli. Comparisons of growth characteristics showed that there were no significant differences (P>0.05) between sexes. There were well defined peaks in the reproductive cycle, spawning occurred from April to May for both species, and the mean size at which females attained sexual maturity was
31.8 cm fork length (LF) for D. pictum and 27.6 cm (LF) for L. nebulosus. The mean sizes at first capture (21.1 cm LF for D. pictum and 26.4 cm LF for
L. nebulosus) were smaller than the sizes for both at first sexual maturity and those at which yield per recruit would be maximized. The range of fishing-induced mortality rates for
D. pictum (0.37â0.62/yr) was substantially greater than the target (Fopt=0.07/yr) and limit (Flimit=0.09/ yr) estimates. The range of fishing-induced mortality rates for L. nebulosus (0.15/yr to 0.57/yr) was also in excess of biological reference points (Fopt=0.10/yr and Flimit=0.13/yr). In addition to growth overfishing, the stocks were considered to be recruitment overfished because the biomass per recruit was less than 20% of the unexploited levels for both species. The results of the study are important to fisheries management authorities in the region because they indicate that both a reduction in fishing effort and mesh-size regulations are required for the demersal trap fishery
Pseudo-Hermitian Hamiltonians, indefinite inner product spaces and their symmetries
We extend the definition of generalized parity , charge-conjugation
and time-reversal operators to nondiagonalizable pseudo-Hermitian
Hamiltonians, and we use these generalized operators to describe the full set
of symmetries of a pseudo-Hermitian Hamiltonian according to a fourfold
classification. In particular we show that and are the generators of
the antiunitary symmetries; moreover, a necessary and sufficient condition is
provided for a pseudo-Hermitian Hamiltonian to admit a -reflecting
symmetry which generates the -pseudounitary and the -pseudoantiunitary
symmetries. Finally, a physical example is considered and some hints on the
-unitary evolution of a physical system are also given.Comment: 20 page
Catalytic de-halogenation of halogen-containing solid wastes by transition metal oxides
Catalytic co-pyrolysis of halogenated compounds with electric arc furnace dust (EAFD) constitutes an effective disposal strategy regarding energy recovery and environmental safeguard. However, despite many detailed experimental investigations over the last few years; the specific underlying mechanism of the reactions between the halogen laden materials with EAFD remain largely poorly understood. In this contribution, systematic theoretical thermo-kinetic investigations were performed using the accurate density functional theory calculations to understand, on a precise atomic scale, the reaction mechanisms of major products from thermal decomposition of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and brominated flame retardants (BFRs) with nanostructures (clusters and surfaces) of hematite (α-Fe2O3), zincite (ZnO) and magnetite (Fe3O4).
The detailed kinetic analysis indicates that the dissociative adsorption of hydrogen halides molecules, the major halogen fragments from thermal degradation of halogen laden materials, over those metal oxide structures affords oxyhalides structures via modest activation barriers. Transformation of oxyhalides into metal halides occurs through two subsequent steps, further dissociative adsorption of hydrogen halides over the same structures followed by the release of H2O molecule. In the course of the interaction of halogenated alkanes and alkenes with the selected metal oxide structures, the opening channel in the dissociative addition route requires lower activation barriers in reference to the direct HCl/Br elimination pathways. However, sizable activation barriers are encountered in the subsequent ÎČ C-H bond elimination step. The obtained accessible reaction barriers for reactions of halogenated alkanes and alkenes with the title metal oxides demonstrate that the latter serve as active catalysts in producing clean olefins streams from halogenated alkanes
Heuristicsâenhanced geospatial machine learning (SaaS) of an ancient Mediterranean environment
Raw soil core physical data used in machine learning algorithms with corresponding spatial remotely sensed data is an emerging science. Using data derived from soil core samples previously collected in Universal Transverse Mercator zone 50 (Western Australia) and remotely sensed data, a model that predicted ground movement (GM) was developed specific to Australian Standards manual AS 1726â2017. This is the first approach for Australian soils and first in the world for soils older than 200 million yr. The model developed reliably predicted GM with 91.1% accuracy. The error obtained from the prediction is within acceptable limits currently used by engineers in calculations concerning soil classification for engineering purposes. Concerning the remotely sensed data analyzed, accuracy of the Atterberg limits method might be improved if additional information about soil structure (layering and horizon) or other variables (seasonal data) are built into this model. This model can be used to save on construction material costs, reduce the potential for human error associated with data collection and sample manipulation, but also fast-track (by up to 6 wk based on current wait times) building approvals while ensuring compliance to the relevant legislation. This platform also reduces the environmental effects of invasive drilling techniques. A requirement within principles of sustainable building practices, and associated with current standards commonly used by structural engineers who may seek better understanding of soil properties in Australia as a software service (with application potential in North America)
Studying The Optical Properties of CdO and CdO: Bi Thin Films
Cadmium Oxide and Bi doped Cadmium Oxide thin films are prepared by using the chemical spray pyrolysis technique a glass substrate at a temperature of (400?C) with volumetric concentration (2,4)%. The thickness of all prepared films is about (400±20) nm. Transmittance and Absorbance spectra are recorded in the wave length ranged (400-800) nm. The nature of electronic transitions is determined, it is found out that these films have directly allowed transition with an optical energy gap of (2.37( eV for CdO and ) 2.59, 2.62) eV for (2% ,4%) Bi doped CdO respectively. The optical constants have been evaluated before and after doping
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