مدى توفر المسؤولية الاجتماعية في حماية المستهلك من وجهة نظر مستهلكي الأدوات المنزلية الكهربائية في الساحل السوري

هدف البحث إلى تحديد مدى توفر المسؤولية الاجتماعية في حماية المستهلك في شركات الأدوات المنزلية الكهربائية في سورية, واعتمد الباحث على المنهج الوصفي التحليلي في تحقيق أهداف البحث, كما تم تصميم استبانة بالاعتماد على الدراسات السابقة تم توزيعها على 383 فرداً من مستهلكي الأدوات المنزلية الكهربائية في الساحل السوري, لدراسة مفردات البحث وحصر وتجميع المعلومات الميدانية اللازمة لموضوع البحث، ومن ثم تم تفريغها وتحليلها باستخدام البرنامج الإحصائي SPSS, وقد توصل إلى أهم النتائج الآتية: لازال هناك غموض وعدم دراية كافية من جانب المستهلك بمفهوم المسؤولية الاجتماعية للشركات وأبعادها ومدى تطورها وكذلك بمدى فعاليته وكيفية بلورته والإفادة منه, وإن شركات الأدوات المنزلية الكهربائية الأصلية تتمتع بالمسؤولية الاقتصادية والمسؤولية القانونية, والمسؤولية الأخلاقية, ولكن لا تتمتع بالمسؤولية الخيرية وذلك من وجهة نظر أفراد العينة, كما أن المسؤولية الخيرية أقل توافراً في الشركات الأصلية بنسبة 51.68% وتليها المسؤوليّة القانونية, ومن ثم المسؤوليّة الأخلاقيّة, في حين أن المسؤوليّة الاقتصاديّة تعد أكثر توافراً في حماية المستهلك من وجهة نظر أفراد العينة في الساحل السوري بنسبة 75.87%

LEVERAGING DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY TO CHALLENGE MENTAL HEALTH STIGMA IN WEST BENGAL: A PROTOCOL

Mental health related stigma is a pernicious phenomenon that permeates and pervades our world. As stigma continues to evolve so too must our approach to reduce it. This paper outlines a protocol that leverages the power of virtual contact and digital technology to challenge mental health related stigma in West Bengal, India

A study of the physiological disorders of slimming drugs on people who abuse them

Recently, slimming drugs have been used to get rid of excess weight and obesity, which consist of chemical compounds of different compositions that vary in the degree of their safety on health from one compound to another and have dangerous side effects on human life. 75 blood samples were collected from people who take weight-loss drugs after being asked about their use of these drugs, and 25 samples from people who did not take weight-loss drugs, a control group. The research samples were divided into categories of withdrawal, the duration of abuse is less than a year, (1-2 years), (2-4 years) and (4-6 years). Laboratory tests were conducted on them from W.B.C count white blood cell, W.B.C differential, Packed Cell Volume P.C.V. , R.B.C count red blood cell, serum Total protein and hemoglobin Hb. The search results showed a significant decrease in W.B.C count (P<0.05) in the abused groups in the period (1-2) and it was (mm³ 7000) while the control sample was (mm³ 82800) either in the periods (2-4) and (4-6) It was low (6977.7 mm³) compared to the control sample. It also showed a significant increase in the rate of basophil and eosinophil preparation (P<0.05) in all periods, while a significant decrease occurred in the rate of lymphocyte. It also found a significant decrease in R.B.C, serum total protein and PCV. As for Hb, there was a significant decrease (P<0.05) in drug users compared to control samples for all periods. We conclude that slimming drugs have harmful effects on those who take them and may cause greater harm in the future in addition to the possibility of their effect on other organs and systems in the body if other studies focus on that

Contract management and performance characteristics: An empirical and managerial implication for Indonesia

This study intends to cover the relationship between contract management and performance characteristics from the context of Indonesia. To address this objective, contract management is observed as the main independent variable while performance through nine items is considered as dependent variable. A questionnaire is developed through some selected factors and distributed among various respondents, dealing directly or indirectly with the projects. A sample of 70 respondents is finalized with no missing values. Empirical findings suggest that for the firm performance different variables such as nature of the solution, cost & benefit analysis are significantly associated with the contract length. While project delivery and project quality are negatively associated with the contract length. Findings of the study are highly recommended for the contract managers and similar individuals, responsible for the smooth business performance. However, future studies can be conducted with the addition of more explanatory factors for contract management with better sample size. Manage-rial implication of the study defines that Government and construction companies should reconsider the stated factors for the improved results through resolution of the conflict with the customers, cost benefit analysis and timely delivery of the project with budgetary compliance

EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF ACETAMINOPHEN COMPARED TO TRAMADOL AFTER LAPAROSCOPIC CHOLECYSTECTOMY

Abstract Background: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy become widely popular because of its less postoperative pain produced compared to conventional cholecystectomy. The use of opioids postoperatively to reduce pain may be harmful and produce some adverse effects .Tramadol is a centrally acting opioid which is effective for postoperative analgesic pain but produce undesirable adverse effects the patients do not tolerate it so that intravenous acetaminophen could be helpful to optimize postoperative analgesia by reducing the requirement for opioids and their adverse effects.Method: A prospective randomized clinical trial was carried out on 27 adults undergoing elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy were randomly assigned to two groups in this study (13patients) to receive intravenously 1000mg acetaminophen and (14 patients) to receive intramuscularly tramadol 100mg postoperatively; visual analog scale (VAS) was utilized to asses pain severity and efficacy of analgesic agents. Pain scores were assessed at 0,2,4,6,8,10 and 12h after surgery the incidence of adverse effects was also assessed.Results: Over a period of 12hours, visual analog scale (VAS) scores were significantly lower in each group at each time interval compared to zero time; there is a non significant difference in pain score between the different groups; the incidence of adverse effects like nausea and vomiting was significant in tramadol group compared to acetaminophen group.Conclusion: Postoperative intravenous acetaminophen infusion of 1000mg is useful for reducing pain scores after elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy; it is effective and safe analgesic with less adverse effects compared to tramadol.  Key words: laparoscopic cholecystectomy, Acetaminophen, Tramadol, Postoperative analgesia.  Â

Impact of family structure and sociodemographic characteristics on parents headed families in Ramadi City, Iraq

Background: Several factors in the family profile contribute significantly to determining the effective policy when heading the family. This study aims to evaluate the sociodemographic and economic burdens on parents-headed families in Ramadi City, west of Iraq. Methods: A prospective cross-sectional household-based survey was conducted from 1st to 28th February 2019 among Iraqi people residents in Ramadi city, Anbar province. A multistage sampling technique was recruited to identify the eligible sample. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to interview (face-to-face) the respondents. Data from 267 households have undergone univariate and bivariate analyses. Multiple logistic regression, odds ratio (OR), and confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated to explore the predicting variables. The statistically significant is considered at less than 0.05. Results: The mean age of respondents was 43.88 (± 12.1) years (range: 25 to 69 years). Out of the total surveyed people, 52.8% were young (less than 44 years), male-headed families (59.6%), low educated level (65.5%), unemployed (52.4%), married (67.4%) and headed big families of seven members and above (43.1%). History of chronic diseases and smoking habits was positive among 46.4% and 45.7% of respondents, respectively. Findings of the binary logistic regressions showed that history of smoking (OR = 7.201, 95% CI: 3.254 to15.936), families of 7 members and above (OR = 6.239, 95% CI: 2.938 to 13.250), unhappy (OR = 5.237, 95% CI: 2.140 to 12.818), aged 44 years and above (OR = 3.518, 95% CI: 1.581 to 7.829), being single (unmarried, divorced, widow) (OR = 2.697, 95% CI: 1.230 to 5.914), and had a monthly income of less than USD400 (OR = 2.333, 95% CI: 1.112 to 4.859) are significantly associated with female-headed family. Conclusion: Priority must be given to some elements such as genetic, physical differences, biopsychosocial factors, and the economic situation when discussing parents' behavior in heading the family

A collaborated genetic with lion optimization algorithms for improving the quality of forwarding in a vehicular ad-hoc network

Vehicular ad-hoc network (VANET) is dynamic and it works on various noteworthy applications in intelligent transportation systems (ITS). In general, routing overhead is more in the VANETs due to their properties. Hence, need to handle this issue to improve the performance of the VANETs. Also due to its dynamic nature collision occurs. Up till now, we have had immense complexity in developing the multi-constrained network with high quality of forwarding (QoF). To solve the difficulties especially to control the congestion this paper introduces an enhanced genetic algorithmbased lion optimization for QoF-based routing protocol (EGA-LOQRP) in the VANET network. Lion optimization routing protocol (LORP) is an optimization-based routing protocol that can able to control the network with a huge number of vehicles. An enhanced genetic algorithm (EGA) is employed here to find the best possible path for data transmission which leads to meeting the QoF. This will result in low packet loss, delay, and energy consumption of the network. The exhaustive simulation tests demonstrate that the EGA-LOQRP routing protocol improves performance effectively in the face of congestion and QoS assaults compared to the previous routing protocols like Ad hoc on-demand distance vector (AODV), ant colony optimization-AODV (ACO-AODV) and traffic aware segmentAODV (TAS-AODV)

Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Display Increased Carotid Intima Media: A Meta-Analysis

Background. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with coronary artery disease. Intermittent hypoxia associated with OSA increases sympathetic activity and may cause systemic inflammation, which may contribute to atherosclerosis leading to an increase in the size of carotid intima media thickness (CIMT). Methods. PubMed and Cochrane library were reviewed by utilizing different combinations of key words: sleep apnea, carotid disease, intima media thickness, and carotid atherosclerosis. Inclusion criteria were English articles; studies with adult population with OSA and without OSA; CIMT recorded by ultrasound in mean and standard deviation or median with 95% confidence interval; and OSA defined as apnea hypopnea index of ≥5/h. A total of 95 studies were reviewed for inclusion, with 16 studies being pooled for analysis. Results. Ninety-five studies were reviewed, while 16 studies were pooled for analysis; since some studies have more than one data set, there were 25 data sets with 1415 patients being pooled for meta-analysis. All studies used ultrasound to measure CIMT. CIMT standardized difference in means ranged from −0.883 to 8.01. The pooled standardized difference in means was 1.40 (lower limit 0.996 to upper limit 1.803, ( &lt; 0.0001). Conclusion. Patients with OSA appear to have increased CIMT suggestive of an atherosclerotic process

Study protocol of DIVERGE, the first genetic epidemiological study of major depressive disorder in Pakistan

INTRODUCTION: Globally, 80% of the burdenof major depressive disorder (MDD) pertains to low- and middle-income countries. Research into genetic and environmental risk factors has the potential to uncover disease mechanisms that may contribute to better diagnosis and treatment of mental illness, yet has so far been largely limited to participants with European ancestry from high-income countries. The DIVERGE study was established to help overcome this gap and investigate genetic and environmental risk factors for MDD in Pakistan. METHODS: DIVERGE aims to enrol 9000 cases and 4000 controls in hospitals across the country. Here, we provide the rationale for DIVERGE, describe the study protocol and characterise the sample using data from the first 500cases. Exploratory data analysis is performed to describe demographics, socioeconomic status, environmental risk factors, family history of mental illness and psychopathology. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Many participants had severe depression with 74% of patients who experienced multiple depressive episodes. It was a common practice to seek help for mental health struggles from faith healers and religious leaders. Socioeconomic variables reflected the local context with a large proportion of women not having access to any education and the majority of participants reporting no savings. CONCLUSION: DIVERGE is a carefully designed case-control study of MDD in Pakistan that captures diverse risk factors. As the largest genetic study in Pakistan, DIVERGE helps address the severe underrepresentation of people from South Asian countries in genetic as well as psychiatric research

Observation of ηc→ωω\eta_c\to\omega\omega in J/ψ→γωωJ/\psi\to\gamma\omega\omega

Using a sample of $(1310.6\pm7.0)\times10^6$ $J/\psi$ events recorded with the BESIII detector at the symmetric electron positron collider BEPCII, we report the observation of the decay of the $(1^1 S_0)$ charmonium state $\eta_c$ into a pair of $\omega$ mesons in the process $J/\psi\to\gamma\omega\omega$. The branching fraction is measured for the first time to be $\mathcal{B}(\eta_c\to\omega\omega)= (2.88\pm0.10\pm0.46\pm0.68)\times10^{-3}$, where the first uncertainty is statistical, the second systematic and the third is from the uncertainty of $\mathcal{B}(J/\psi\to\gamma\eta_c)$. The mass and width of the $\eta_c$ are determined as $M=(2985.9\pm0.7\pm2.1)\,$MeV/$c^2$ and $\Gamma=(33.8\pm1.6\pm4.1)\,$MeV.Comment: 13 pages, 6 figure