The Deterministic Capacity of Relay Networks with Relay Private Messages

We study the capacity region of a deterministic 4-node network, where 3 nodes can only communicate via the fourth one. However, the fourth node is not merely a relay since it can exchange private messages with all other nodes. This situation resembles the case where a base station relays messages between users and delivers messages between the backbone system and the users. We assume an asymmetric scenario where the channel between any two nodes is not reciprocal. First, an upper bound on the capacity region is obtained based on the notion of single sided genie. Subsequently, we construct an achievable scheme that achieves this upper bound using a superposition of broadcasting node 4 messages and an achievable "detour" scheme for a reduced 3-user relay network.Comment: 3 figures, accepted at ITW 201

Action recognition using Kinematics Posture Feature on 3D skeleton joint locations

Action recognition is a very widely explored research area in computer vision and related fields. We propose Kinematics Posture Feature (KPF) extraction from 3D joint positions based on skeleton data for improving the performance of action recognition. In this approach, we consider the skeleton 3D joints as kinematics sensors. We propose Linear Joint Position Feature (LJPF) and Angular Joint Position Feature (AJPF) based on 3D linear joint positions and angles between bone segments. We then combine these two kinematics features for each video frame for each action to create the KPF feature sets. These feature sets encode the variation of motion in the temporal domain as if each body joint represents kinematics position and orientation sensors. In the next stage, we process the extracted KPF feature descriptor by using a low pass filter, and segment them by using sliding windows with optimized length. This concept resembles the approach of processing kinematics sensor data. From the segmented windows, we compute the Position-based Statistical Feature (PSF). These features consist of temporal domain statistical features (e.g., mean, standard deviation, variance, etc.). These statistical features encode the variation of postures (i.e., joint positions and angles) across the video frames. For performing classification, we explore Support Vector Machine (Linear), RNN, CNNRNN, and ConvRNN model. The proposed PSF feature sets demonstrate prominent performance in both statistical machine learning- and deep learning-based models. For evaluation, we explore five benchmark datasets namely UTKinect-Action3D, Kinect Activity Recognition Dataset (KARD), MSR 3D Action Pairs, Florence 3D, and Office Activity Dataset (OAD). To prevent overfitting, we consider the leave-one-subject-out framework as the experimental setup and perform 10-fold cross-validation. Our approach outperforms several existing methods in these benchmark datasets and achieves very promising classification performance

A Comparative Study of Septic Complications in HIVInfected and HIV-Uninfected Women Undergoing Caesarean Section at the University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia

Background: There is evidence in support of the benefit of caesarean section for the prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV (PMTCT). Information on the extent of complications and maternal mortality associated with caesarean section in HIV infected women in low resourcesettings is lacking though some studies have reported increased risk of maternal complications associated with caesarean section in HIV infected women (particularly sepsis).Objective: This study was designed to determine the incidence of post caesarean maternal complications, particularly those due to sepsis, at the University Teaching Hospital (UTH) and compare complications in HIV infected and HIV uninfected women.Design and setting: A prospective cohort study documenting complications in women undergoing caesarean section at UTH in Lusaka. All consecutivepatients undergoing caesarean section at UTH in September 2010 and with a known HIV status were recruited. Consenting participants were followed up for six (6) weeks after the caesarean section. All complications were documented.Results: Fifty eight (19.4%) HIV positive and 241 (80.6%) HIV negative women were followed up. Overall, 27 (9%) women had sepsis (6 were HIV positive and 21 were HIV negative; 10.3 vs. 8.7% respectively). Theunadjusted odds ratio for sepsis in HIV positive vs. HIV negative women was 1.21 (95% CI 0.40-3.15). Adjusting for potential confounders (age, emergency or elective caesarean section, type of skin preparation, use of preeoperative antibiotics, blood loss, duration of operation) did not significantly alter the odds ratio (OR 1.39, 95% CI 0.5-3.6).Conclusion: Sepsis complicated 9% of caesarean sections at UTH though this complication was not independently associated with HIV status. Further studies are needed to address which factors contribute to postcaesareancomplications

Measurement of Radon Concentration in Water Sources around Ririwai Artisanal Tin Mine Kano State, Nigeria

In this work liquid scintillation analysis was used to measure the concentration of 222Rn in three sources of water around Ririwai Artisanal Tin mine. The annual effective dose due to 222Rn concentration in surface water source and Domestic water were also determined. The result shows that the tailing bearing water has the highest 222Rn concentration of 3.04±0.14 Bq/L followed by surface water source with 222Rn concentration of 2.51±0.13 Bq/L while the Domestic water has the lowest 222Rn concentration of 2.23±0.11 Bq/L. The results also indicated that the annual effective dose due to the 222Rn concentration is higher in surface water with 13.05±0.55 mSv/year than in Domestic water with 11.11 ± 0.44mSv/year. The mean 222Rn concentration obtained in this work is lower than 10.00Bq/L recommended by WHO and UNSCEAR. Also in this study the annual effective dose obtained is lower than the maximum permissible of 0.1mSv/year recommended by UNSCEAR. Keywords: Radionuclide, activity concentration and annual effective dos

Emergency peripartum hysterectomy in a tertiary hospital in Upper Egypt: six years analysis

Background: Emergency peripartum hysterectomy (EPH) is often performed for life-threatening obstetric conditions especially when conservative treatment approach fails to stop postpartum hemorrhage. The aim of the study is to detect the incidence, indications, and complications of EPH over 6 years in Assiut Women Health Hospital in Upper Egypt.Methods: A historical cohort study conducted between January 2009 and December 2014. Detailed review of all files of cases of EPH including maternal age, parity, gestational age, type of delivery, indications for EPH and outcome of the hysterectomy.Results: The overall incidence of EPH was 1.30 per 1,000 deliveries. The main indications for hysterectomies were uterine atony 60 (48.78 %), abnormal placentation 27 (21.95 %) and rupture uterus 25 (20.32 %). There were 48 (39.02%) maternal deaths, while the perinatal mortality was 20.32% (25 cases). Using multivariate logistic regression analysis, we found that woman’s age ≥ 40 years and parity ≥ 5 were the most significant independent predictors for maternal mortality in cases of EPH (OR 5.49; 95% CI 2.16 - 13.96) and (OR 0.34; 95% CI 0.15 - 0.77) respectively.Conclusions: The incidence of EPH in Upper Egypt is high. Uterine atony is the major indication for EPH in our hospital. Late referral and delayed decisions to perform hysterectomy contributes in the high mortality rate