The Impact of Proteomic Investigations on the Development and Improvement of Skin Laser Therapy: A review article

Introduction: Different molecular approaches have contributed to find various response of skin to external and internal tensions such as laser irradiation and many important mediators of skin disease have been identified through these approaches. However different essential signals of skin biomarker pathways and proteins partially detected or completely unknown. In the present study impact of proteomics in the evaluation of laser therapy of skin is investigated.Methods: Keywords of “Proteomics”, Laser therapy”, “Skin”, and “Skin disease” searched in Google Scholar, Scopus and PubMed search engines. After screening, 53 documents were included in the study.Results: Global assessments revealed that different proteins in different signaling pathways of skin metabolism in terms of health or illness after laser therapy are expressed differentially. Results indicated that application of proteomics is a useful method to promote the results of laser interventions.Conclusion: This kind of researches deals with practical proteomics of skin and could supply an essential skip to understand skin diseases to develop more suitable therapeutic achievements in laser application

Determination of some nutritional value and organoleptic properties in fruity teas

Fruity teas are popular due to variety in sensory properties as well as their nutritional and therapeutical characteristics. Recently, the worldwide researches related to fruity teas have been considerably developed. In this work, effects of fruit type (apple, quince and pear) and brewing time (10 or 20 min) on some nutritional properties (Mg, Fe and Ca contents, sugars and protein percent) as well as on the sensory attributes of final products were investigated. No chemical preservative, flavoring gents and colorants were added for preparation of the samples. At the end of 10 min brewing, the highest extraction rates of Mg and protein, Fe and sugars, and Ca were observed for pear, apple, and quince, respectively. At the end of 20 min brewing, the greatest extraction rates of Mg and protein, sugars, and Ca were related to the pear, apple, and quince, respectively. Increasing the time of brewing up to 10 min although did not noticeably affect the extraction rate of nutrients from dried fruits (especially for protein content), significantly influence the sensory characteristics (flavor and color) of final products; so that those prepared by 20 min brewing had higher acceptability. Among the fruity teas produced by 20 min brewing, apple had the best sensory acceptability from flavor and color points of view. After that, pear tea from taste and quince tea from color standpoints were realized as the best samples

The Highlighted Role of GAPDH and Nitric-Oxide Synthase Regulator Activity in Proton Beam Irradiated Melanoma BLM Cells

Introduction: Human melanoma is a type of invasive tumor that its treatments is challenging. To better understand the proton irradiation mechanisms as one of the widely applied therapy for this type of cancer, bioinformatics analysis of proteomics outcome could be beneficial.Methods: Protein-protein interaction network analysis of differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) of melanoma BLM (BRO Lung Metastasis) cells in the treatment of 3 Gy dosage proton therapy is performed in this study via Cytoscape V.3.7.2. and its integrated plug-ins.Results: A number of 18 DEPs were searched for network constructions and limited numbers of (query +neighbor proteins) were found central. The hub-bottlenecks or in the other words, central nodes were GAPDH, ACTB, ALB, AKT1, TP53, and EGFR. The fist mentioned proteins is from DEPs. Enrichment analysis of these elements identified as nitric-oxide synthase regulator activity and positive regulation of norepinephrine uptake that may be key in the mechanisms of proton therapy.Conclusion: In conclusion, the identified central nodes (EGFR, TP53, ALB, AKT1, GAPDH, and ACTB) and the related biological terms consist with the nature of melanoma and also radiation effects.

Antibacterial effects of Scrophularia striata seed aqueous extract on staphilococcus aureus

Plant-based drugs are regarded promising recently. Scrophularia has been shown various biological activities such as antimicrobial, antitumor and anti-inflammatory properties. According to pervious researches, bacteria are becoming resistant to some kinds of antibiotics, so it is prominent to find more reliable sources against them. Here Staphylococcus aureus as a common type of Gram- positive bacteria has been chosen for this in vitro study. After culturing this bacterium, it was treated with various dosages of Scrophularia striata seed aqueous extract and tetracycline, and then its antibacterial effect was assessed by spectrophotometery method based on bacteria population alteration after 24h incubation. In order to investigate probable side effects of the seed extract its effect on human fibroblast cells has been studied. MTT assay was applied for cell survival determination of human fibroblast cells after 24h. Findings indicate that bacterial population has been declined between 1 to 20 μg mL-1 dosages of the extract, which 5 μg mL-1 is the most effective dosage without containing any cytotoxic effect on human fibroblast cells. In fact extract not only has no antiproliferation properties but also has evoked cell profileration, so it can be consider as a cell growth factor. Tetracycline, on the contrary, showed its potent impact merely in highest dosages with noticeable side effects. It can be concluded that, Scrophularia striata could be possibly a promising antibiotic which shows significant antibacterial properties, and with lesser side effects.

Seroprevalence of Toxoplasmosis among Women Referring to Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Hamadan, Iran

Background: Toxoplasmosis is a parasitic disease caused by the protozoan Toxoplasma gondii. The aim of this study was investigate the prevalence of toxoplasmosis among young women who referred to check up for toxoplasmosis attended in Shahid Beheshti hospital, Hamadan during 2013-2014.Materials and Methods: This study was performed on 2523 pregnant women who referred to laboratory of Shahid Beheshti hospital in Hamadan province (western of Iran) during 2013-2014. Age, level of education and place of residence were recorded in the relevant forms. Antibodies serum levels for all samples were examined by ELISA. IgG titer equals and more than 1:200 was presumed as seropositive. Data were analyzed using by SPSS version 19.0 software.Results: 26.1% of IgG seropositive persons were city residents while 32.3% of them lived at village and suburb of city. 1.4% and 1.1% of at risk persons (based on IgG titration) were city and village residents, respectively. 1.3% and 1.9% of IgM seropositives were city and village residents, respectively. The percentage of at risk persons of city and village (based on IgM titration) were 0.3% and 0.6%, in a row. 29.7% of IgG seropositives did not have academic education while 30.4% of them graduated from high school, at least. The seropositive IgM percentage of non-academic educated persons and graduated/academic ones were 1.7% and 1.4%, respectively.Conclusion: Our funding indicates the association between age of women and their level of education with percentage of contamination and prevalence. IgM seropositive is lesser than IgG. It means that toxoplasmosis is chronic or there is previous contact. To avoid the risk of toxoplasmosis infection particularly in pregnant women should be examined and the necessary preventive measures and training for young women should be presented

Subtype distribution of Blastocystis sp. isolated from humans in Iran: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Aim: This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the subtyped Blastocystis sp. isolated from humans in Iran. Background: Blastocystis sp. is an anaerobic intestinal protozoan that infects humans as well as domestic and wild animals, i.e. mammals, amphibians, reptiles, and arthropods. Methods: A comprehensive search for papers published before April 2022 was undertaken utilizing English and Persian databases. The following MeSH keywords were used in the electronic search: (Blastocystis sp.) AND (molecular OR subtype) AND (prevalence OR epidemiology) AND Iran. The quality of the included studies was evaluated. Thereafter, a random-effects meta-analysis was conducted to estimate the pooled prevalence and odds ratios regarding the included studies. Results: A total of 32 studies comprised of five case-control studies and 27 cross-sectional studies met the eligibility criteria. The overall pooled prevalence of subtyped Blastocystis sp. in Iran was estimated to be 10% (95% confidence interval: 6 to 15%). Eight subtypes of Blastocystis sp. (ST1- ST7 and ST9) were identified in our study, of which ST3 was the most common subtype (0.04); 0.02-0.07). The difference in subtypes between two case and control groups in reported studies was not significant, but the odds ratio of infection by ST3 (0.98; 95% CI, 0.30 to 3.20) was higher in cases. Conclusion: The current systematic review showed that with the exception of ST8 and ST12, all human Blastocystis sp. subtypes reported in the world are found in different parts of Iran

Muscle Recovery Is Highlighted by IR Laser Therapy

Introduction:In sports medicine, laser application has been well-established for the recovery of muscles. The mechanisms by which benefits of this kind of therapy can be studied is molecular research approach. Protein-protein interaction network analysis as one of the important complementary studies of proteomics can accelerate this goal by the identification of novel contributing markers.Methods:By the use of Cytoscape V3.7.1 and its applications, a network of differential expressed proteins (DEPs) from IR laser treatment samples were constructed and analyzed. Six hub-bottlenecks were determined, 4 of which were from differentially expressed proteins.Results:ClueGO discovered 4 biological processes related to these hub-bottlenecks that their function could alter due to IR laser therapy.Conclusion:In fact, by the expression changes of hub-bottlenecks including the up-regulation of HSP90s, one of the prominent biological processes in muscle recovery could be activated. This process is called nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activation that could be proposed as one of the underlying mechanisms of IR laser treatments in muscle recovery.

Identification of Agents with Potential Leishmania Malate Dehydrogenase Inhibitor Activity: A Proteomic and Molecular Docking Approach

Background and purpose: Leishmaniasis is one of the most important infectious diseases caused by different species of the Leishmania, which is a public health problem worldwide. So far, no effective vaccine is introduced for this disease and drug therapy is associated with many side effects. Therefore, this study was designed to identify novel FDA-approved compounds with anti-leishmanial activity. Materials and methods: In this experimental study, proteomics, protein network analysis, and molecular docking were used. Protein profile was identified by LC-MS/MS and protein network analysis was performed using Cytoscape. Processing of the compound structure and molecular docking was performed by HyperChem and AutoDock Vina, respectively. Finally, docking results were interpreted by LigPlot+. Results: Based on proteomics and protein network analysis, glycosomal malate dehydrogenase was suggested as a potential drug target. Among the compounds, the best docking results were associated with Conivaptan and Avodart with a binding energy level of -10.5 and -10.2, respectively. Also, molecular docking studies showed that the most important bonds involved in drug-receptor binding were hydrogen and hydrophobic bonds. Conclusion: The current study demonstrated the importance of integrated proteomics, protein network and docking to identify novel compounds with anti-Leishmania properties. According to this study, Conivaptan and Avodart, also approved by the Food and Drug Administration, are effective inhibitors of glycosomal malate dehydrogenase in Leishmania major and Leishmania tropica which meanwhile require further in-vitro and in-vivo experiments

The The Effect of Time-Dependence of 10 Hz Electromagnetic Field on Spatial Learning and Memory in Rats: A 10 Hz Electromagnetic Field Improves Spatial Memory

Introduction: In everyday life, electrical devices are the primary sources of extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMF), and the human body may be a great conductor of these fields. We chose alpha band power, especially at 10 Hz frequency, due to its prior beneficial role in memory. The purpose was to clarify whether there is a relationship between ELF-EMF exposure and cognitive deficits in rats, clinical signs, behavioral analysis, and the impact of ELF-EMF during different times of exposure on neuroplasticity via the expression of BDNF.Methods: Forty adult male rats were selected randomly. The rats were exposed to ELF-EMF (10 Hz, 4 mT) for 7 days and 30 days, one hour daily. The expression of BDNF proteins in the hippocampus was evaluated after sacrificing animals to assess learning and memory function. The body weight of rats in the long-term exposed group differed significantly (P<0.05). The level of BDNF mRNA in the hippocampus was found by the RT-PCR method.Results: Our findings indicate that exposure to ELF-EMF affects spatial learning and memory and can improve memory, especially with long-term exposure. In addition, we discovered a significant difference in the long-term exposed group (P<0.05), where radiation for 30 days resulted in a substantial rise in BDNF levels.Conclusion: After prolonged exposure, male rats spent more time and traveled a greater percentage of their distance in the target quadrant, demonstrating that long-term exposure improves spatial memory and that 10 Hz might be safe

Resveratrol: A miraculous natural compound for diseases treatment

Resveratrol (3, 5, 4′‐trihydroxystilbene) is a nonflavonoid polyphenol that naturally occurs as phytoalexin. It is produced by plant sources such as grapes, apples, blueberries, plums, and peanut. This compound has critical roles in human health and is well known for its diverse biological activities such as antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory properties. Nowadays, due to rising incidence of different diseases such as cancer and diabetes, efforts to find novel and effective disease‐protective agents have led to the identification of plant‐derived compounds such as resveratrol. Furthermore, several in vitro and in vivo studies have revealed the effectiveness of resveratrol in various diseases such as diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome, obesity, inflammatory, neurodegenerative, and age‐related diseases. This review presents an overview of currently available studies on preventive properties and essential molecular mechanisms involved in various diseases