CHARACTERIZATION AND ESTIMATION OF TRANSMUTED KUMARASWAMY DISTRIBUTION

In this article, a generalization of the Kumaraswamy distribution so-called transmuted Kumaraswamy distribution is proposed and studied. We will use the quadratic rank transmutation map (QRTM) in order to generate a flexible family of probability distributions taking Kumaraswamy distribution as the base value distribution by introducing a new parameter that would offer more distributional flexibility. We provide a comprehensive description of the mathematical properties of the subject distribution along with its reliability behavior. Keywords: Kumaraswamy distribution, Reliability Function, Maximum Likelihood Estimation, Order Statistic

Lindley Approximation Technique for the Parameters of Lomax Distribution

The present study is concerned with the estimation of shape and scale parameter of Lomax distribution using Bayesian approximation techniques (Lindley's Approximation). Different priors viz gamma, exponential and Levy priors are used to obtain the Bayes estimates of parameters of Lomax distributions under Lindley approximation technique. For comparing the efficiency of the obtained results a simulation study is carried out using R-software

Transmuted Inverse Rayleigh Distribution: A Generalization of the Inverse Rayleigh Distribution.

In this article, we generalize the Inverse Rayleigh distribution using the quadratic rank transmutation map studied by Shaw et al. (2007) to develop a transmuted inverse Rayleigh distribution. The properties of this distribution are derived and the estimation of the model parameters is performed by maximum likelihood method. Keywords: Inverse Rayleigh Distribution, Transmutation Map, Hazard Rate Function, Reliability Function, Order Statistics, Parameter Estimation

Classical and Bayesian Approach in Estimation of Scale Parameter of Inverse Weibull Distribution

In this paper, Inverse Weibull Distribution is considered. The classical Maximum likelihood estimator has been obtained. Bayesian method of estimation has been employed in order to estimate the scale parameter of Inverse Weibull Distribution by using Jeffery’s and Quasi’s prior under three different loss functions. Also these methods are compared by using mean square error with varying sample sizes through simulation study conducted in R software. Keywords: Inverse Weibull Distribution, Jeffrey’s and Quasi’s prior, loss functions and R software

Posterior Estimates of Poisson Distribution Using R Software

The Bayesian estimation of unknown parameter of the Poisson distribution is examined under different priors. The posterior distributions for the unknown parameter of the Poisson distribution are derived using the following priors: uniform, Jeffrey’s, Gamma distribution, Gamma-Chi-square distribution, Gammaexponential distribution and Chi-square-exponential distribution. Numerical and graphical illustrations of the posterior densities of the parameters of interest were conducted using R Software

Parameter Estimation of Weighted Erlang Distribution Using R Software

The Erlang distribution belongs to a group of continuous probability distributions with universal relevance primarily due to its relation to the exponential and Gamma distributions. If the time period of individual telephone calls is exponentially distributed, then the duration of the successive calls follows the Erlang distribution. In this paper, we take into account the weighted version of Erlang distribution known as weighted Erlang distribution. We obtain the posterior mean and posterior variance of the model. Maximum likelihood method of estimation is discussed. Bayes estimates of the scale parameter of Weighted Erlang distribution is offered for consideration under Squared Error Loss Function (SELF), Quadratic Loss Function (QLF) and entropy Loss Function (ELF) using Jeffrey`s, extension of Jeffrey`s and Quasi priors. Keywords: Erlang distribution, Weighted Erlang distribution, Loss function, Bayesian estimation

Bayesian estimation of the scale parameter and survival function of weighted weibull distribution under different loss functions using r software

In this paper, we propose to obtain the Bayesian estimators of the scale parameter of a three parameter weighted weibull distribution, based on non-informative and informative priors using Entropy loss function and Quadratic loss function. The risk functions of these estimators have been studied. A real life example has been used to compare the performance of the estimates under different loss functions. Keywords: Weighted Weibull distribution, Jeffery’s prior and Gamma prior, loss functions

Homestake result, sterile neutrinos and low energy solar neutrino experiments

The Homestake result is about ~ 2 \sigma lower than the Ar-production rate, Q_{Ar}, predicted by the LMA MSW solution of the solar neutrino problem. Also there is no apparent upturn of the energy spectrum (R \equiv N_{obs}/N_{SSM}) at low energies in SNO and Super-Kamiokande. Both these facts can be explained if a light, \Delta m^2_{01} ~ (0.2 - 2) \cdot 10^{-5} eV^2, sterile neutrino exists which mixes very weakly with active neutrinos: \sin^2 2\alpha ~ (10^{-5} - 10^{-3}). We perform both the analytical and numerical study of the conversion effects in the system of two active neutrinos with the LMA parameters and one weakly mixed sterile neutrino. The presence of sterile neutrino leads to a dip in the survival probability in the intermediate energy range E = (0.5 - 5) MeV thus suppressing the Be, or/and pep, CNO as well as B electron neutrino fluxes. Apart from diminishing Q_{Ar} it leads to decrease of the Ge-production rate and may lead to decrease of the BOREXINO signal and CC/NC ratio at SNO. Future studies of the solar neutrinos by SNO, SK, BOREXINO and KamLAND as well as by the new low energy experiments will allow us to check this possibility. We present a general analysis of modifications of the LMA energy profile due to mixing with new neutrino states.Comment: Figures 5 and 6 modified, shorter version will be published in PR

The Use of a Rabbit Model to Evaluate the Influence of Age on Excision Wound Healing

Background: The wound healing involves a highly co-ordinated cascade of cellular and immunological response over a period of time including coagulation, inflammation, granulation tissue formation, epithelialization, collagen synthesis and tissue remodeling. Wounds in aged heal more slowly than those in younger, mainly because of co morbidities that occurs as one ages. Present study is about the influence of age on wound healing. 1x1cm2 (100mm) wounds were created on the back of the animal. The animals were divided into two groups; one group had animals in the age group of 3-9 months while another group had animals in the age group of 15-21 months. Materials and Methods: 24 clinically healthy rabbits in the age group of 3-21 months were used as experimental animals and divided in two groups viz A and B. All experimental parameters i.e Excision wound model, Measurement of wound area, Protein extraction and estimation, Protein extraction and estimation and DNA extraction and estimation were done by standard methods. Results: The parameters studied were wound contraction, hydroxyproline, glucosamine, protein and DNA. Significant increase (p<0.005) in the hydroxyproline, glucosamine, protein and DNA and significant decrease in wound area (p<0.005) was observed in the age group of 3-9 months when compared to animals of age group of 15-21 months. Wound contraction together with hydroxyproline, glucosamine, protein and DNA estimations suggest that advance age results in retarded wound healing. Conclusion: The decrease wound contraction and accumulation of hydroxyproline, glucosamine, protein and DNA in group B animals may be associated with the reduction or delay in growth factors because of the advancing age

The Complementarity of Eastern and Western Hemisphere Long-Baseline Neutrino Oscillation Experiments

We present a general formalism for extracting information on the fundamental parameters associated with neutrino masses and mixings from two or more long baseline neutrino oscillation experiments. This formalism is then applied to the current most likely experiments using neutrino beams from the Japan Hadron Facility (JHF) and Fermilab's NuMI beamline. Different combinations of muon neutrino or muon anti-neutrino running are considered. To extract the type of neutrino mass hierarchy we make use of the matter effect. Contrary to naive expectation, we find that both beams using neutrinos is more suitable for determining the hierarchy provided that the neutrino energy divided by baseline ($E/L$) for NuMI is smaller than or equal to that of JHF. Whereas to determine the small mixing angle, $\theta_{13}$, and the CP or T violating phase $\delta$, one neutrino and the other anti-neutrino is most suitable. We make extensive use of bi-probability diagrams for both understanding and extracting the physics involved in such comparisons.Comment: 21 pages, Latex, 3 postscript figure