Three Dimensional Analysis of Drag-flick in The Field Hockey of University Players

The penalty corner one of the most important technique to score the goal in field hockey. The penalty corner depends upon three different technical applications like push, stop and drag. Technical application of drag flick in penalty corner covered maximum number of successful goal. The main aim of this study was to analyze spatial and temporal kinematics in the drag flick of elite field hockey players. Two main drag flickers from Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh hockey team were selected as a subject for this study. The body weight, Height and Age of each subject ware recorded subsequently Sub1=65 kg body weight, 180.50cm of height and 19 years of age and Sub2= 60 kg body weight, 167.00 cm of height and 19 years of age. A static calibration method was used to capture drag flick by Two Cameras, sampling at 50 Hz. Six successful trials at target were selected from each subject for the study.  Videos of selected trials were digitized by the Max Track 3D motion analysis software. The three dimensional (3D) motion was determined from digitized video analysis using 18-point body model together. Results of this study shows that spatial / temporal variable between the players, there exist little difference in stance width in ball contact phase, recommended that little or no difference exist in techniques between both players. Key points: spatial / temporal, kinematics, drag, digitized.

Monomeric C-Reactive Protein Localized in the Cerebral Tissue of Damaged Vascular Brain Regions Is Associated With Neuro-Inflammation and Neurodegeneration-An Immunohistochemical Study

Monomeric C-reactive protein (mCRP) is now accepted as having a key role in modulating inflammation and in particular, has been strongly associated with atherosclerotic arterial plaque progression and instability and neuroinflammation after stroke where a build-up of the mCRP protein within the brain parenchyma appears to be connected to vascular damage, neurodegenerative pathophysiology and possibly Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and dementia. Here, using immunohistochemical analysis, we wanted to confirm mCRP localization and overall distribution within a cohort of AD patients showing evidence of previous infarction and then focus on its co-localization with inflammatory active regions in order to provide further evidence of its functional and direct impact. We showed that mCRP was particularly seen in large amounts within brain vessels of all sizes and that the immediate micro-environment surrounding these had become laden with mCRP positive cells and extra cellular matrix. This suggested possible leakage and transport into the local tissue. The mCRP-positive regions were almost always associated with neurodegenerative, damaged tissue as hallmarked by co-positivity with pTau and β-amyloid staining. Where this occurred, cells with the morphology of neurons, macrophages and glia, as well as smaller microvessels became mCRP-positive in regions staining for the inflammatory markers CD68 (macrophage), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB), showing evidence of a perpetuation of inflammation. Positive staining for mCRP was seen even in distant hypothalamic regions. In conclusion, brain injury or inflammatory neurodegenerative processes are strongly associated with mCRP localization within the tissue and given our knowledge of its biological properties, it is likely that this protein plays a direct role in promoting tissue damage and supporting progression of AD after injury.The authors extend their appreciations to the deputyship for Research & Innovation, Ministry of Education in Saudi Arabia for funding this research work through the project number (lFP-2020-36). The authors would also like to thank Deanship of Scientific Research at Majmaah University, Al Majmaah-11952, Saudi Arabia for supporting this work. This work was supported from a grant from the Competitiveness Operational programme 2014–2020: C-reactive protein therapy for stroke-associated dementia: ID_P_37_674, My SMIS code:103432 contract 51/05.09.2016

Perceived Application and Barriers for Gait Assessment in Physical Therapy Practice in Saudi Arabia

Introduction: Gait is a major function of independence that determines the quality of life, participation, and restriction. Gait assessment in physical therapy practice is fundamental for assessing musculoskeletal conditions. This study planned to determine the extent and barriers of using gait assessment tools by physical therapists in clinical practice in Saudi Arabia. Method: A cross-sectional design was used. A standardized survey was sent through e-mail and social media to physical therapists working in hospitals, clinics, and rehabilitation centers in different Saudi Arabian regions. Results: A total of 320 physical therapists from different regions in Saudi Arabia participated. There was a significant relationship between using gait assessment tools by physical therapists and patient groups (p = 0.002), receiving training (p = 0.001), dealing with patients who suffer from gait problems (p = 0.001), and visiting the gait laboratory (p = 0.001). Physical therapists’ use of gait assessment tools for musculoskeletal conditions in clinical practice in Saudi Arabia was limited. The primary barrier preventing physical therapists from using gait assessment methods in clinical practice was a lack of resources, including instruments, space, time, and funds

Effects of Task Related Training and Hand Dominance on Upper Limb Motor Function in Subjects with Stroke

Objetives: Recovery of upper limb motor function in stroke is limited. Different approaches are used to improve the upper limb function, but none has satisfactory results. The present study investigated the effect of task related training and role of hand dominance in upper limb motor function rehabilitation in stroke population. Methods: A convenient sample of 32 subjects divided into 4 groups with 8 subjects each took part in the study with an experimental design. The group 1, experimental dominant hand group, consisted of subjects with dominant hand paresis, the group 2 consisted of subjects with non dominant, group 3 & 4 consisted of dominant (dominant hand control group) and non dominant hand paresis (non dominant hand control group) .The group 1 and 2 received task related training and conventional therapy, while group 3 & 4 received conventional physiotherapy. All patients were assessed prior to training 4 weeks & after the 4 weeks of training program by using Chedoke Arm & Hand activity Inventory Score form, this score were used to find the difference between and within groups. Results: A within group analysis showed that there is a statistical significant difference for Chedoke Scores between pre training and post training in group 1, 2 and 3 but no significant difference in group 4. There was no significant difference between group1 post training scores there was a significant difference in post training scores group 1 and group 3. There was no significant difference in post training scores between group 3 and group 4. The comparison between group 2 and 4 group showed no significant difference in post training scores. Discussion: From this study it is evident that task related training and hand dominance play an important role in upper limb rehabilitation

Perceived Kinesiophobia and Its Association with Return to Sports Activity Following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Surgery: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background: The knee joint is one of the most important joints in terms of its functions of providing great stability, movement and weight bearing. Among the contributors to knee joint stability, there is the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). Kinesiophobia is said to be the fear of movement or the fear of re-injury. Kinesiophobia is the most extreme form of fear of movement, and it is defined as an excessive, irrational, and debilitating fear of physical movement and activity resulting from a feeling of vulnerability to painful injury or re-injury. Aim: To estimate the prevalence and effect of kinesiophobia among patients with ACL reconstruction in the Aseer region, in southern Saudi Arabia. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional approach was used involving those patients who underwent ACL reconstruction surgery in Aseer Central Hospital during the period of October 2017 to October 2019. The Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK) and ACL—Return to Sport after Injury (ACL-RSI) scale were used to determine kinesiophobia and the readiness to return to sport after ACL injury or reconstructive surgery. Result: The research included 130 ACL reconstruction patients with ages ranging from 18 to 45 years with a mean age of 27.2 + 7.5 years. More than 97% of the participants were males. In 67.7% of the cases, the right leg was affected. A total of 10.8% of the patients recorded a low level of kinesiophobia, while only 6.9% recorded a high level. Conclusions: In conclusion, the study revealed that among patients who underwent ACL reconstruction, kinesiophobia was at a moderate level. Kinesiophobia was recorded more among middle-aged patients who waited a long time from the onset of injury until the ACL reconstruction surgery time

Exploring the impact of integrated polyvagal exercises and knee reinforcement in females with grade II knee osteoarthritis: a randomized controlled trial

Abstract This study aimed to compare the effects of knee strengthening exercises to those of polyvagal theory–based exercises combined with knee strengthening exercises on selected outcomes in women with grade II knee osteoarthritis (OA). A randomized controlled trial was conducted, in which 60 female participants diagnosed with grade II knee OA, with a mean age of 57.27 ± 7.81 years and knee pain rated between 4 and 7 on the visual analog scale (VAS), were assigned to either the knee strengthening exercise group (Group 1, n = 30) or the polyvagal theory–based exercise plus knee strengthening exercise group (Group 2, n = 30). Pre- and posttreatment assessment of outcome variables, including WOMAC scores (joint pain, joint stiffness, functional limitations, and the overall index), WHOQOL scores (overall quality of life, general health, physical, psychological, social, and environmental domains), and heart rate variability (HRV, time and frequency domains), were analyzed. Group 2 demonstrated significantly greater reductions in joint pain, stiffness, and functional limitations than Group 1 after the intervention. Group 2 presented with significantly improved WOMAC scores, indicating better overall outcomes. Group 2 showed significant improvements in the psychological and social domains regarding quality of life. There were no significant differences in the physical domain or the environmental domain. Group 2 showed a significant increase in high-frequency power (HF) and a significant decrease in the LF/HF ratio, suggesting improved autonomic regulation. A combination of polyvagal exercise and knee strengthening training resulted in superior outcomes compared to knee strengthening exercises alone in women with grade II knee OA. These findings support the potential effectiveness of incorporating polyvagal exercises as an adjunctive intervention for osteoarthritis management

Current Physical Therapy Practice in the Intensive Care Unit in Saudi Arabia: A Multicentre Cross-Sectional Survey

Background. Early mobilisation of patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) is associated with positive health benefits. Research literature lacks insight into the current status of ICU physical therapy (PT) practice in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Aim. To determine the current standard of ICU PT practice, attitude, and barriers. Methods. A questionnaire was e-mailed to physiotherapists (PTs) working in the hospital. The questions pertained to experience, qualification, barriers, and most frequently encountered case scenarios in the ICU. Results. The response rate was 28.1% (124/442). Frequent cases referred to the PTs were traumatic paraplegia (n = 111, 89%) and stroke (n = 102, 82.3%) as compared to congestive heart failure (n = 20, 16.1%) and pulmonary infections (n = 7, 5.6%). The preferred treatment of choice among PTs was chest physiotherapy (n = 102, 82.2%) and positioning (n = 73, 58.8%), whereas functional electrical stimulation (n = 12, 9.6%) was least preferred irrespective of the condition. Perceived barriers in the ICU PT management were of low confidence in managing cases (n = 89, 71.7%) followed by inadequate training (n = 53, 42.7%), and the least quoted barrier was a communication gap between the critical care team members (n = 8, 6.4%). Conclusion. PTs reported significant variation in the choice of treatment for different clinical cases inside ICU. The main barriers in the ICU setting were low confidence and inadequate training

Impacts of Adiposity on the Attentional Cost of Sensory-Motor Performance Associated with Mobility in a Dual-Task Paradigm

(1) Background: Obesity is one of the most prevalent health problems worldwide. Studies have evidenced that the increase in body weight affects the normal neuromusculoskeletal function, which leads to abnormal gait patterns and impaired balance. (2) Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the influence of dual-task activity (cognitive-motor task) on gait parameters and balance among obese students. (3) Material and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among students (18–28 years old), including 120 obese and 120 age-matched normal-weight control subjects, selected at random using simple random sampling, from the Majmaah, Riyadh, Dammam, and Jizan regions of Saudi Arabia. The gait speed was measured in seconds while the controls and the obese subjects performed a dual-task activity of walking down a level, well-lit, narrow lane at their own speed, counting backwards from 100 by 4 s. (4) Results: The results of our study suggest a significant difference in the effect of the dual-task paradigm on the gait speed (t = 21.05, p = 000) of obese participants when compared to their age-matched counterparts. A significant correlation was found between BMI and gait speed and balance, irrespective of the gender of the obese student. A high degree of positive correlation (r = 0.705, p < 0.001) was found between BMI and gait speed, and a high degree of inverse correlation (r = −0.648, p < 0.001) was found between BMI and balance among obese students A multiple regression model explained 60% of the variance in gait speed and was statistically significant (R2 = 0.60, F (4, 235) = 90.65, p = 0.000) with BMI (β = 0.018, p = 0.000) and balance (β = 0.015, p = 0.000) significantly predicting gait speed. (5) Conclusion: The results of the current study provide evidence that obesity significantly influences gait speed and balance due to the inclusion of a contemporaneous cognitive task. The results also suggest that the dual-task paradigm affects both genders equally

Ipomoea carnea associated phytochemicals and their in silico investigation towards Meloidogyne incognita

Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) are sedentary endo-parasite that causes severe yield loss in carrot. Chemical nematicides currently used to manage Meloidogyne incognita are being phased out because of rising health and environmental issues. This study aimed to evaluate nematicidal effect of various concentrations, viz., 250, 500, 750, 1000ppm of leaf extract of Ipomoea carnea against M. incognita infecting carrot under in vitro and in pots assays. In our result, all tested concentrations displayed J2s mortality and egg hatching inhibition along with improving growth of carrot and reduced J2s population and root-knot index. Molecular docking performed predicts binding interactions of two major compounds, viz., neophytadiene and 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol as shown by GC-MS analysis with targeted protein, odorant response gene-1 of M. incognita, to confirm nematicidal action of I. carnea leaf extract. The obtained results also suggested that neophytadiene interacted more and strongly bound with odorant response gene-3 than 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol. The biochemical ligand-target protein interaction described in the present work will be helpful in the logical selection of biomolecules and essential proteins. Therefore, plant extract may be used the best alternative to chemical nematicides to control root-knot nematodes and caused longitudinal growth of the plant as well as reduce environmental risks

Table1_Targeting p53 misfolding conundrum by stabilizing agents and their analogs in breast cancer therapy: a comprehensive computational analysis.XLSX

Cancer continues to be a major global public health concern and one of the foremost causes of death. Delays in the diagnosis and cure may cause an increase in advanced stage disease and mortality. The most common cancer found in women currently is breast carcinoma. Breast carcinoma has surpassed lung carcinoma and currently represents the chief type of cancer diagnosed (2.3 million new cases, which amount to 11.7% of all cancer cases). In addition, by 2040, the incidence will increase by more than 46% as per the estimates of GLOBOCAN. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) represents a highly aggressive and invasive subtype of breast cancer, characterized by rapid progression, short response time to the available treatment, and poor clinical results. Thus, it is very crucial to develop novel diagnostic tools and therapeutics with good efficacy. A majority of cancers display malfunction along the p53 pathway. Moreover, p53 not only loses its function but is also prone to misfolding and aggregation, leading to formation of amyloid aggregates as well. Research is being carried out to find ways to restore the normal action and expression of p53. Here, we have explored PhiKan-083 for its possible stabilizing effect on p53 in order to address the problem with its misfolding. Thus, examining the analogs of PhiKan-083 that have a role in p53 stability will help update our understanding of cancer progression and may expedite the progress of new anticancer treatments. We anticipate that the drug molecules and their analogs targeting p53 aggregation may be used in combination with other anticancer compounds to solve the problem with p53 aggregation. In this study, by employing ADMET analysis, the compounds were screened, and we further examined the chosen compounds with the help of molecular docking. By using databases like UALCAN, TIMER, GEPIA, and PredictProtein, we investigated TP53’s expression pattern and prognostic relevance in various cancer settings.</p