804 research outputs found
Exotic Low Density Fermion States in the Two Measures Field Theory: Neutrino Dark Energy
We study a new field theory effect in the cosmological context in the Two
Measures Field Theory (TMT). TMT is an alternative gravity and matter field
theory where the gravitational interaction of fermionic matter is reduced to
that of General Relativity when the energy density of the fermion matter is
much larger than the dark energy density. In this case also the 5-th force
problem is solved automatically. In the opposite limit, where the magnitudes of
fermionic energy density and scalar field dark energy density become
comparable, nonrelativistic fermions can participate in the cosmological
expansion in a very unusual manner. Some of the features of such states in a
toy model of the late time universe filled with homogeneous scalar field and
uniformly distributed nonrelativistic neutrinos: neutrino mass increases as m ~
a^{3/2}; the neutrino gas equation-of-state approaches w=-1, i.e. neutrinos
behave as a sort of dark energy; the total (scalar field + neutrino)
equation-of-state also approaches w=-1; the total energy density of such
universe is less than it would be in the universe filled with the scalar field
alone. An analytic solution is presented. A domain structure of the dark energy
seems to be possible. We speculate that decays of the CLEP state neutrinos may
be both an origin of cosmic rays and responsible for a late super-acceleration
of the universe. In this sense the CLEP states exhibit simultaneously new
physics at very low densities and for very high particle masses.Comment: 47 pages, accepted for publication in Int.J.Mod.Phys.
Theoretical correlation between possible evidences of neutrino chiral oscillations and polarization measurements
Reporting about the formalism with the Dirac equation we describe the
dynamics of chiral oscillations for a fermionic particle non-minimally coupling
with an external magnetic field. For massive particles, the chirality and
helicity quantum numbers represent different physical quantities of
representative importance in the study of chiral interactions, in particular,
in the context of neutrino physics. After solving the interacting Hamiltonian
(Dirac) equation for the corresponding {\em fermionic} Dirac-{\em type}
particle (neutrino) and quantifying chiral oscillations in the Dirac wave
packet framework, we avail the possibility of determining realistic neutrino
chirality conversion rates by means of (helicity) polarization measurements. We
notice that it can become feasible for some particular magnetic field
configurations with large values of {\boldmath} orthogonal to the direction
of the propagating particle.Comment: 12 pages, 2 figure
Extra Dirac Equations
This paper has rather a pedagogical meaning. Surprising symmetries in the
Lorentz group representation space are analyzed. The aim is
to draw reader's attention to the possibility of describing the particle world
on the ground of the Dirac "doubles". Several tune points of the variational
principle for this kind of equations are briefly discussed.Comment: REVTeX 3.0, 14p
Gravitomagnetism in Metric Theories: Analysis of Earth Satellites Results, and its Coupling with Spin
Employing the PPN formalism the gravitomagnetic field in different metric
theories is considered in the analysis of the LAGEOS results. It will be shown
that there are several models that predict exactly the same effect that general
relativity comprises. In other words, these Earth satellites results can be
taken as experimental evidence that the orbital angular momentum of a body does
indeed generate space--time geometry, notwithstanding they do not endow general
relativity with an outstanding status among metric theories. Additionally the
coupling spin--gravitomagnetic field is analyzed with the introduction of the
Rabi transitions that this field produces on a quantum system with spin 1/2.
Afterwards, a continuous measurement of the energy of this system is
introduced, and the consequences upon the corresponding probabilities of the
involved gravitomagnetic field will be obtained. Finally, it will be proved
that these proposals allows us, not only to confront against future experiments
the usual assumption of the coupling spin--gravotimagnetism, but also to
measure some PPN parameters and to obtain functional dependences among them.Comment: 10 page
Lagrangian for the Majorana-Ahluwalia Construct
The equations describing self/anti-self charge conjugate states, recently
proposed by Ahluwalia, are re-written to covariant form. The corresponding
Lagrangian for the neutral particle theory is proposed. From a
group-theoretical viewpoint the construct is an example of the
Nigam-Foldy-Bargmann-Wightman-Wigner-type quantum field theory based on the
doubled representations of the extended Lorentz group. Relations with the
Sachs-Schwebel and Ziino-Barut concepts of relativistic quantum theory are
discussed.Comment: 10pp., REVTeX 3.0 fil
Spin half fermions with mass dimension one: theory, phenomenology, and dark matter
We provide the first details on the unexpected theoretical discovery of a
spin-one-half matter field with mass dimension one. It is based upon a complete
set of dual-helicity eigenspinors of the charge conjugation operator. Due to
its unusual properties with respect to charge conjugation and parity, it
belongs to a non-standard Wigner class. Consequently, the theory exhibits
non-locality with (CPT)^2 = - I. We briefly discuss its relevance to the
cosmological `horizon problem'. Because the introduced fermionic field is
endowed with mass dimension one, it can carry a quartic self-interaction. Its
dominant interaction with known forms of matter is via Higgs, and with gravity.
This aspect leads us to contemplate the new fermion as a prime dark matter
candidate. Taking this suggestion seriously we study a supernova-like explosion
of a galactic-mass dark matter cloud to set limits on the mass of the new
particle and present a calculation on relic abundance to constrain the relevant
cross-section. The analysis favours light mass (roughly 20 MeV) and relevant
cross-section of about 2 pb. Similarities and differences with the WIMP and
mirror matter proposals for dark matter are enumerated. In a critique of the
theory we bare a hint on non-commutative aspects of spacetime, and
energy-momentum space.Comment: 78 pages [Changes: referee-suggested improvements, additional
important references, and better readability
Self-interacting Elko dark matter with an axis of locality
This communication is a natural and nontrivial continuation of the 2005 work
of Ahluwalia and Grumiller on Elko. Here we report that Elko breaks Lorentz
symmetry in a rather subtle and unexpected way by containing a `hidden'
preferred direction. Along this preferred direction, a quantum field based on
Elko enjoys locality. In the form reported here, Elko offers a mass dimension
one fermionic dark matter with a quartic self-interaction and a preferred axis
of locality. The locality result crucially depends on a judicious choice of
phases.Comment: 14 pages (RevTex
Soft singularity and the fundamental length
It is shown that some regular solutions in 5D Kaluza-Klein gravity may have
interesting properties if one from the parameters is in the Planck region. In
this case the Kretschman metric invariant runs up to a maximal reachable value
in nature, i.e. practically the metric becomes singular. This observation
allows us to suppose that in this situation the problems with such soft
singularity will be much easier resolved in the future quantum gravity then by
the situation with the ordinary hard singularity (Reissner-Nordstr\"om
singularity, for example). It is supposed that the analogous consideration can
be applied for the avoiding the hard singularities connected with the gauge
charges.Comment: 5 page
Phase Separation in a Simple Model with Dynamical Asymmetry
We perform computer simulations of a Cahn-Hilliard model of phase separation
which has dynamical asymmetry between the two coexisting phases. The dynamical
asymmetry is incorporated by considering a mobility function which is order
parameter dependent. Simulations of this model reveal morphological features
similar to those observed in viscoelastic phase separation. In the early
stages, the minority phase domains form a percolating structure which shrinks
with time eventually leading to the formation of disconnected domains. The
domains grow as L(t) ~ t^{1/3} in the very late stages. Although dynamical
scaling is violated in the area shrinking regime, it is restored at late times.
However, the form of the scaling function is found to depend on the extent of
dynamical asymmetry.Comment: 16 pages in LaTeX format and 6 Postscript figure
Action principle formulation for motion of extended bodies in General Relativity
We present an action principle formulation for the study of motion of an
extended body in General Relativity in the limit of weak gravitational field.
This gives the classical equations of motion for multipole moments of arbitrary
order coupling to the gravitational field. In particular, a new force due to
the octupole moment is obtained. The action also yields the gravitationally
induced phase shifts in quantum interference experiments due to the coupling of
all multipole moments.Comment: Revised version derives Octupole moment force. Some clarifications
and a reference added. To appear in Phys. Rev.
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