Dry-Wet Fermentation for Biogas Production

At present biogas plants produce biogas mainly from slurry by liquid fermentation. But the low substrate digestation of herbaceous biomass by liquid fermentation permits to use only a low amount of herbaceous biomass. Since April 2007 the collaborative project entitled “Development of a combined dry-wet fermentation process to produce biogas from herbaceous biomass substrates” is conducted at the Laboratory for Integrated Energy Systems of the University of Applied Sciences in Stralsund. The combined dry-wet fermentation is a progressive fermentation process that shall lead to a better substrate digestion, as well as to a higher biogas production

Production and Energetic Utilization of Biomass from Rewetted Peatlands

Among other biomass fuels, common reed (Phragmites australis) is considered as a promising source for Bioenergy. Within the project “ENIM” partners from science, industry and agriculture develops an integrated process to use common reed from rewetted peatlands for the combined heat and power generation in a biomass CHP plant. Ecologically compatible solutions of the reed production and harvesting will be investigated, the necessary logistic will be developed and finally the process of the power plant will be adapted for the commercial utilization of reed as fuel. The project is supported by the German Federal Environmental Foundation (DBU) and will contribute to a sustainable and ecological land use and an environment friendly energy economy

Relation of energy content variations of straw to the fraction size, humidity, composition and environmental impact

Biomass is the major source of renewable energy, the use of which is very important in energy, environment and economical aspects. Biomass enables the replacement of fossil fuels, the importance of biomass usage is related to global warming questions. Biomass moisture content is one of the main factors affecting straw preparation for the usage cost. In this research the main focus is on straw and different biomass composition and how it influences the solid biofuels preparation for usage, paying attention to straw fraction, humidity, composition and finally how it influences the energy and environmental aspects. Tested samples consist of different composition- raw straw, 100% yellow straw pellets, 100% grey straw pellets, 98% straw pellets with 2% additives, 50% straw and 50% hay pellets, 49% straw and 49% hay pellets with 2% additives, 100% hay pellets, 98% hay pellets with 2% additives and additionally two samples of straw briquettes with different chop size - (20 mm) and (30 mm and 10 mm). This research pays attention to the main material characteristics - moisture value, ash content, HHV (higher heating value), pyrolysis coke. Research results will help to find the best biomass pellet and briquette composition for solid biofuel usage. During the research it was found that the lowest moisture value was 98% hay pellets with 2% CaO additive - 5.79%. Highest amount of ash value was found in 50% straw and 50% hay composition pellets - 0.021 g. Highest amount of HHV were tested pellets which consisted of 98% hay with 2% CaO additives. Highest amount of pyrolysis coke in organic and dry matter were in 100% yellow straw tested samples. Achieved results will help to estimate material fraction, humidity and composition on biomass preparation for conversion steps, following biomass usage energy and environment requirementsVytauto Didžiojo universitetasŽemės ūkio akademij

Biomass preparation for conversion humidity and value assessment

Biomass usage for heat and energy purposes is one of the questions which still required more detailed analysis and scientific research. In this research we have focused on an analysis of humidity correlation on biomass preparation to conversion steps and calorific value assessment. The concept of biomass is widely understood, and in this research the chosen research object is agricultural, biomass with a main focus on straw, and additionally for results comparison are analyzed samples, composition are a mixture of straw and hay, with an additional 2% lime additive. For this research analyzed samples and their humidity for production steps is: one chop size reduction (20 mm) straw briquettes, two chops size reduction (30 mm and 10 mm) straw briquettes, pallets composition of 100% straw, 98% straw incl. 2% lime additive, 50% straw and 50% hay, 49% straw and 49% hay incl. 2% lime additive, 100% hay, 98% hay incl. 2% lime additive. Samples of straw and hay mixture, also with a lime additive is choosen because it is discussed widely that not only is it possible to use surplus straw from agricultural biomass as renewable energy and heat source, as a lime additive helps to keep a higher temperature on the combustion process and to generate more energy, but it is not healthy for the plant and not recommended under environmental aspects. The results received will help to estimate and determine the material humidity impact on biomass preparation for conversion steps, following an energy requirement for the production of briquettes and pallets, combustion factor and efficiency. It is defined as material calorific, HHV (higher heating value) and ash content which is one of the main factors and the criteria for fuel valuation will allow to determine tested samples further usage for heat and energy purposes. The research results will help further research tasks on bio energy as an agricultural biomass usageVytauto Didžiojo universitetasŽemės ūkio akademij

ÖSTERREICHISCHE GESELLSCHAFT FÜR

Les produits et leur importance pour l‘homme, l‘économie et la natur