Why going to university in Britain is still a wise investment

Dennis A. Ahlburg responds to the argument that there is no return on investment in higher education in Britain. He writes that, whilst there is no guarantee that all graduates will have higher incomes, for a large subset this will indeed be the case. He highlights the importance of helping students to make more informed decisions about which university to attend and what to study, so that they can make better economic choices

An Integrated Model of Application, Admission, Enrollment, and Financial Aid

We jointly model the application, admission, financial aid determination, and enrollment decision process. We simulate how enrollment and application behavior change when important factors like financial aid are permitted to vary. An innovation is the investigation into the role of financial aid expectations and how they relate to application and enrollment behavior.

Time to Dropout From College: A Hazard Model with Endogenous Waiting

Using data from the 1979 National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY79), we investigate the college attendance, dropout, and graduate behavior of high school graduates. Bivariate duration models, which allow the unobserved determinants of spell durations to be correlated across spells, are developed and used to study the impact of the waiting time from high school graduation until college enrollment on college dropout and graduation rates. We find that delaying college entry after graduating high school significantly increases the chances of college dropout and reduces the probability of attaining a four-year degree. Among those who first enroll in four-year institutions, delaying college entry by one year after high school graduation reduces the probability of graduating with a four- year degree by up to 32 percent in models that account for the endogeneity of delaying enrollment. There is also empirical evidence that the negative impact of delayed enrollment on graduation probabilities varies by Armed Forces Qualifying Test (AFQT) score with the largest estimated impact of delaying occurring for those with low AFQT scores.

The Effects of Interrupted Enrollment on Graduation from College: Racial, Income, and Ability Differences

We present a multiple spells-competing risks model of stopout, dropout, reenrollment, and graduation behavior. We find that students who experience an initial stopout are more likely to experience subsequent stopouts (occurrence dependence) and be less likely to graduate. We also find evidence of the impact of the length of an initial spell on the probability of subsequent events (lagged duration dependence). We simulate the impacts of race, family income, and high school performance on student behavior and show that there are often very large differences between unadjusted rates of student outcomes and adjusted rates. Differences in student performance often ascribed to race are shown to be the result of income, age at entry, and high school performance.

Turnover Processes in a Temporal Context: It's About Time

To better understand the process of organizational withdrawal, a turnover model incorporating dynamic predictors measured at five distinct points in time was examined by following a large, occupationally diverse sample over a two-year period. Results demonstrated that turnover can be predicted by perceived costs of turnover, organizational commitment, and critical events measured soon after entry into the organization, and unemployment rates, job satisfaction, and search for alternative jobs also become significant predictors when measured over time. Critical events also predicted turnover in a manner distinct from the operation of attitudes, consistent with the unfolding model (Lee & Mitchell, 1994). The path to turnover was marked by consistently low perceived costs of turnover and satisfaction, decreases in commitment, and increases in job search over time.

Determinants of extramarital sex in the Philippines

Understanding the factors associated with sexual behaviour is critical in slowing the spread of HIV in the Philippines, where sexual transmission accounts for most HIV infections, with the majority from heterosexual activity. Further, unprotected sex is common, as is sex with prostitutes. These factors increase the risks associated with extramarital sex. From an analysis of a nationally representative sample of women, we found that a number of factors were related to women’s reports of their husbands’ sexual activity outside their current relationship: women report that partners who are more educated, have been in the current relationship longer, and who had sex before marriage are more likely to be engaging in sex outside the marriage. Further, men who are older, who are farmers, who live at home, and who have more educated wives, were believed to be less likely to be having extramarital sex

"Jag lever liksom mitt jobb" - En studie om hur hypermobilitet har påverkat den samtida affärsresenärens livsstil samt statuskommunicerande

Mobility is becoming an even bigger part of people's lives in our global society. People travel more than ever and the forecast says it will not slow down. Business traveling has become a big part of this mobility, and especially aeromobility, therefore it is a topic worth further investigation. This study focuses on the relation between hypermobile business travelers' behavior and how their identity is shaped and communicated. The study discusses the questions of how hypermobile behavior has become a part of the business travelers' lifestyle and how business travelers communicate their status through social media before, during and after their travels. The study is conducted through two qualitative research methods; semi structured interviews and a document analysis. The sample comprises of nine business travelers that travel more than twice a month within their work and on their spare time. The study shows how hypermobility has become a lifestyle for the travelers, even though they admit it or not. It has affected how they see themselves but also how they see other travelers and what group they want to be associated with or not be associated with. The study also shows that the communication of status and hypermobility do not really exist since the respondents do not want to be associated with bragging. If our respondents' social media communication are to increase, it must be because of some extraordinary happening since traveling is something connected to the ordinary for these travelers

Functionalization of Sydnones with Donor‐Acceptor Cyclopropanes, Cyclobutanes, and Michael Acceptors

We present a Lewis acid catalyzed nucleophilic ring-opening of donor-acceptor cyclopropanes and -butanes by sydnones, utilizing their respective 1,3- and 1,4-reactivity. The same conditions can be applied for the addition of sydnones to Michael acceptors. We propose a Friedel-Crafts like mechanism. The reaction provides a rare, low-temperature, transition metal-free, and functional group tolerant protocol for the late-stage functionalization of these mesoionic compounds of emerging importance in catalysis and bio-orthogonal chemistry