Aloe-emodin novel anticancer Herbal Drug

The electrochemical behaviour of the anticancer herbal drug emodin hydroxyanthraquinone present in Aloe vera leaves has a specific in vitro and in vivo antineuroectodermal tumor activity. The compound does not inhibit the proliferation of normal fibroblasts n or that of hemopoietic progenitor cells. The cytotoxicity mechanism consists of the induction of apoptosis, whereas the selectivity against neuroectodermal tumor cells is founded on a specific energy-dependent pathway of drug incorporation. Natural compounds that have traditionally been used to treat a variety of diseases for hundreds of years (1, 2, 3) . We assayed only those natural compounds that have already been proven to be nontoxic, and we evaluated their efficacy against highly malignant tumors that are not normally included in the classical screening assays. Keywords: Anticancer herbal drug; Emodin; Electrochemical; Dynamics parameters

Novel 1, 1-dimethyl-3-phenyl-3-(5-phenyl-1, 3, 4- thiadiazol-2-yl) urea derivative has potential antiproliferative activity against human leukemia cell lines - K562

Cancer is thought to be caused by the interaction between genetic susceptibility and environmental toxins. Based on the DNA changes in cells, proliferating cycle of tumor cells can be divided into 4 phases. Pre-synthetic phase (Gap 1 phase or G1 phase). Cells chiefly make preparations for the synthesis of DNA. Synthetic phase (S phase). Cells are synthesizing their DNA. Post-synthetic phase (Gap 2 phases or G2 phase). DNA duplication has been finished and they are equally divided to the two of future sub-cells. Mitosis phase (M Phase). Each cell is divided into two sub-cells. Some of these new cells enter the new proliferating cycle, the others become non-proliferating cells. G0 phase cells have proliferation ability but do not divide temporally. When proliferating cells are suffered heavy casualties, G0 phase cells will get into proliferating cycle and become the reasons of tumor recurrence.G0 phase cells are usually not sensitive to antineoplastic drugs, which is the important obstacle to tumor.chemotherapy. The antiproliferative activities of these compounds wee evaluated against a Cytotoxicity analysis of compounds against leukemia cell line -K562 organism homo sapiens(human) organ bone – marrow, tissue - lymphoblast, disease – chronic myelogenous leukemia(CML) one human tumor cell lines(K562) by applying the MTT colorimetric assay. The 1, 3-disubstituted urea derivatives show good antiproliferative activity against human cancer cell lines (K562). The hydroxyl groups on the phenyl ring reduced the antiproliferative activities

Medicinal and Phamacological Potential of Nigella sativa: A Review

Herbs are vital source of drugs from the ancient time holding the scenario of the Indian system of medicine. Nigella sativa commonly known as karayal is an annual flowering plant, native to southwest Asia. Seeds and their oil have a long history of folklore usage in various systems of medicines and are used in food as well as medicine. The present paper enumerates the medicinal, pharmacological, traditional value and folk remedies of this herb, which may help the researchers to set their minds for approaching the utility, efficacy and potency of Nigella sativa

Development of compressed meat based bar using response surface methodology

Studies were carried out to optimize the percentage of ingredients for the development of ready to eat mutton bar. Central composite rotatable design of response surface methodology (RSM) was used for designing the experimental combinations. Matrix for compression was designed by selecting factors like mutton powder, binders and applied pressure. Protein percentage, hardness and over all acceptability (OAA) were taken as responses. OAA and hardness showed highly significant and fitted with quadratic model whereas other response i.e. protein levels found to be significant and fitted with linear model. From the design of experiments 45g/100g of mutton powder with 5g/100g binders having an applied pressure of 142 kg/cm2 yielded a bar having a protein percentage of 35g/100g with a hardness of 20.9 N with an overall acceptability score of 8.6 ±0.2 on a 9 point hedonic scale. The product gives energy of 393 kcal per 100 g

Biochemical alteration of methanolic extract of Amaranthus spinosus on liver of Sprague Dawley rats

Abstract Amaranthus spinosus (spiny amaranth) is a tropical plant belonging to the family Amaranthaceae and is used widely as a vegetable and medicinal plant. The present study is carried out to investigate the biochemical role of methanolic extract of Amaranthus spinosus on liver of Sprague Dawley rats. Female albino rats were divided into two groups: one group served as control which was fed on normal diet, the second group served as experimental which receives a dose level of 250 mg/kg of methanolic extract of Amaranthus spinosus plant. Protein concentration was estimated in liver homogenate using the Lowry method (1951) with bovine serum albumin (BSA) as standard. Also, glycogen concentration was estimated in tested organ by using Seifter method (1950). Results showed significant increase for both acute as well as chronic studies in protein and glycogen contents at 250 mg/kg dose level

FAST DISSOLVING ORAL FILMS: A TABULAR UPDATE

Fast-dissolving oral films have emerged as alternative dosage forms for the patients who experience difficulties in swallowing traditional oral solid dosage forms such as tablets, capsules, and syrups etc.   These dosage forms disintegrate or dissolve very quickly within seconds when placed in the mouth cavity without need of water or chewing. Due to fast dissolution it provide faster onset of action, bypassing the first pass metabolism, reducing gastric degradation and metabolism of drugs and thus enhance their oral bioavailability. These properties of oral films with patient convenience and compliance made popular and accepted dosage form for pediatric and geriatric as well as adult population. These formulations are suitable for cough, cold, sore throat, allergenic conditions, nausea, pain, hypertension and CNS disorders, epilepsy and many more diseases. The present review provides up to date review in fast dissolving oral films in tabular form so researches can easily track various technologies/research in design and development of oral fast dissolving film. Keywords: Mouth dissolving films, Oral dispersible film, Oral dissolving film, Oral disintegrating film

Effect of temperature anisotropy on various modes and instabilities for a magnetized non-relativistic bi-Maxwellian plasma

Using kinetic theory for homogeneous collisionless magnetized plasmas, we present an extended review of the plasma waves and instabilities and discuss the anisotropic response of generalized relativistic dielectric tensor and Onsager symmetry properties for arbitrary distribution functions. In general, we observe that for such plasmas only those electromagnetic modes whose magnetic field perturbations are perpendicular to the ambient magneticeld, i.e.,B1 \perp B0, are effected by the anisotropy. However, in oblique propagation all modes do show such anisotropic effects. Considering the non-relativistic bi-Maxwellian distribution and studying the relevant components of the general dielectric tensor under appropriate conditions, we derive the dispersion relations for various modes and instabilities. We show that only the electromagnetic R- and L- waves, those derived from them and the O-mode are affected by thermal anisotropies, since they satisfy the required condition B1\perpB0. By contrast, the perpendicularly propagating X-mode and the modes derived from it (the pure transverse X-mode and Bernstein mode) show no such effect. In general, we note that the thermal anisotropy modifies the parallel propagating modes via the parallel acoustic effect, while it modifies the perpendicular propagating modes via the Larmor-radius effect. In oblique propagation for kinetic Alfven waves, the thermal anisotropy affects the kinetic regime more than it affects the inertial regime. The generalized fast mode exhibits two distinct acoustic effects, one in the direction parallel to the ambient magnetic field and the other in the direction perpendicular to it. In the fast-mode instability, the magneto-sonic wave causes suppression of the firehose instability. We discuss all these propagation characteristics and present graphic illustrations

Evaluation of 3-(3-chloro-phenyl)-5-(4-pyridyl)-4,5-dihydroisoxazole as a Novel Anti-Inflammatory Drug Candidate

BACKGROUND: 3-(3-chloro-phenyl)-5-(4-pyridyl)-4,5-dihydroisoxazole (DIC) is a five-membered heterocyclic compound containing a N-O bond. The anti-inflammatory effects of this compound were studied both in vitro and in vivo. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: DIC effectively decreased TNF-α and IL-6 release from LPS-stimulated macrophages in a dose dependent manner. DIC diminished the levels of COX-2 with subsequent inhibition of PGE(2) production. DIC also compromised HMGB1 translocation from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. Moreover, DIC prevented the nuclear translocation of NF-κB and inhibited the MAPK pathway. In vivo, DIC inhibited migration of neutrophils to the peritoneal cavity of mice. CONCLUSIONS: This study presents the potential utilization of a synthetic compound, as a lead for the development of novel anti-inflammatory drugs

TNFRSF1B +676 T>G polymorphism predicts survival of non-Small cell lung cancer patients treated with chemoradiotherapy

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The dysregulation of gene expression in the TNF-TNFR superfamily has been involved in various human cancers including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Furthermore, functional polymorphisms in <it>TNF-α </it>and <it>TNFRSF1B </it>genes that alter gene expression are likely to be associated with risk and clinical outcomes of cancers. However, few reported studies have investigated the association between potentially functional SNPs in both <it>TNF-α </it>and <it>TNFRSF1B </it>and prognosis of NSCLC patients treated with chemoradiotherapy.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>We genotyped five potentially functional polymorphisms of <it>TNF-α </it>and <it>TNFRSF1B </it>genes [<it>TNF-α </it>-308 G>A (rs1800629) and -1031 T>C (rs1799964); <it>TNFRSF1B </it>+676 T>G (rs1061622), -1709A>T(rs652625) and +1663A>G (rs1061624)] in 225 NSCLC patients treated with chemoradiotherapy or radiotherapy alone. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, log-rank tests and Cox proportional hazard models were used to evaluate associations between these variants and NSCLC overall survival (OS).</p> <p>Results</p> <p>We found that the <it>TNFRSF1B </it>+676 GG genotype was associated with a significantly better OS of NSCLC (GG <it>vs. </it>TT: adjusted HR = 0.38, 95% CI = 0.15-0.94; GG <it>vs. </it>GT/TT: adjusted HR = 0.35, 95% CI = 0.14-0.88). Further stepwise multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that the <it>TNFRSF1B </it>+676 GG was an independent prognosis predictor in this NSCLC cohort (GG <it>vs. </it>GT/TT: HR = 0.35, 95% CI = 0.14-0.85), in the presence of node status (N_2-3<it>vs. </it>N_0-1: HR = 1.60, 95% CI = 1.09-2.35) and tumor stage (T_3-4<it>vs. </it>T_0-2: HR = 1.48, 95% CI = 1.08-2.03).</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Although the exact biological function for this SNP remains to be explored, our findings suggest a possible role of <it>TNFRSF1B </it>+676 T>G (rs1061622) in the prognosis of NSCLC. Further large and functional studies are needed to confirm our findings.</p