561 research outputs found
A REVIEW ON MULTIPURPOSE MEDICINAL PROPERTIES OF TRADITIONALLY USED PSIDIUM GUAJAVA LEAVES
Psidium guajava is an important food crop and medicinal plant available in tropical and subtropical countries. P. guajava (Guava), belonging to the family of Myrtaceae. P. guajava Linn. (Guava) is used not only as food but also as folk medicine in subtropical areas around the world because of its pharmacologic activities. It contains important phytoconstituents such as tannins, triterpenes, flavonoid, quercetin, pentacyclic triterpenoid, guajanoic acid, saponins, carotenoids, lectins, leucocyanidin, ellagic acid, amritoside, beta-sitosterol, uvaol, oleanolic acid, and ursolic acid. Conventionally, guava is used for the treatment of various ailments such as antioxidant, hepatoprotective, anti-allergy, antimicrobial, antigenotoxic, antiplasmodial, cytotoxic, antispasmodic, cardioactive, anti-cough, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, and antinociceptive activities, supporting its traditional uses
Application of a primal-dual interior point algorithm using exact second order information with a novel non-monotone line search method to generally constrained minimax optimization problems
This work presents the application of a primal-dual interior point method to minimax optimisation problems. The algorithm differs significantly from previous approaches as it involves a novel non-monotone line search procedure,
which is based on the use of standard penalty methods as the merit function used for line search. The crucial novel concept is the discretisation of the penalty parameter used over a finite range of orders of magnitude and the
provision of a memory list for each such order. An implementation within a logarithmic barrier algorithm for bounds handling is presented with capabilities for large scale application. Case studies presented demonstrate the capabilities of the proposed methodology, which relies on the reformulation of minimax models into standard nonlinear optimisation models. Some previously reported case studies from the open literature have been solved, and with significantly better optimal solutions identified. We
believe that the nature of the non-monotone line search scheme allows the search procedure to escape from local
minima, hence the encouraging results obtained
Water Salinity Evaluation Suitability for Settlement After Ten Year Tsunami in Banda Aceh, Indonesia
Banda Aceh is a residential area that is most severely impacted by the earthquake and tsunami on December 26, 2004. Recently, ten years after the incident, many settlements were rebuilt. As a disaster-prone areas, Banda Aceh would need to be evaluated against the settlement area base on water salinity. The focus of the study centered on the application of geographic information systems in handling spatial data bearing capacity of the land into the concept of the FAO land suitability. To ensure the application works, it requires geospatial analysis compiled based on the salinity of the water variables that can be observed and measured for the residential requirements. The results showed that 86 percent (ordo S) suitable for residential areas and 14 per cent (ordo N) is not suitable.Banda Aceh adalah daerah pemukiman yang paling parah terkena dampak gempa dan tsunami pada 26 Desember 2004. Baru-baru ini, sepuluh tahun setelah kejadian tersebut banyak pemukiman yang dibangun kembali. Sebagai daerah rawan bencana, evaluasi terhadap kadar salinitas pada basis kawasan pemukiman di Banda Aceh perlu dievaluasi. Fokus dari penelitian ini berpusat pada aplikasi sistem informasi geografis dalam penanganan data spasial terhadap dukung data tanah sesuai dengan konsep kesesuaian lahan FAO. Untuk memastikan aplikasi tersebut sesuai, analisis geospasial disusun berdasarkan variabel salinitas air yang diamati dan diukur sebagai persyaratan pembangunan pemukiman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 86 persen (ordo S) cocok untuk daerah pemukiman dan 14 persen (ordo N) adalah tidak cocok
Synthesis and Characterization of New 2-Quinolone Sulfonamide Derivatives
A series of new 2-quinolone derivatives linked to benzene sulphonyl moieties were performed by many steps: the first step involved preparation of different coumarins (A1,A2) by condensation of different substituted phenols with ethyl acetoacetate. The compound A1 was treated with nitric acid to afford two isomers of nitrocoumarin derivatives (A3) and (A4). The prepared compounds (A2, A3) were treated with hydrazine hydrate to synthesize different 2-quinolone compounds (A5,A6) while the coumarin treated with different amines gave compounds (A7,A8). Then the synthesized 2-quinolone compounds (A5-A8) treated with benzene sulphonyl chloride to afford new sulfonamide derivatives (A9-A12). The synthesized compounds were characterized by FT-IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR spectra and by measurement some of their physical properties
Criteria influencing pedestrian-friendliness of first/last mile transit journey using Analytical Network Process (ANP) group judgement
The pedestrian-friendliness of the first/last mile (FLM) transit journey is one of the keys in influencing the
quality of transit services. The demands of transit riders are increasing as they have started to ask for
more than just accessibility which includes a good walking environment to access the service. Most local
governments are aware of this as many of them have the guidelines in planning for a walkable transit
services. However, they need to prioritise the criteria influencing pedestrian-friendliness accordingly. This
paper proposes a framework for evaluating the priorities of criteria influencing pedestrian-friendliness
by using Analytical Network Process (ANP) which relies on group judgement from experts who have wide
knowledge and experience within the scope of the study. It can be conducted in six stages which are (1)
determining criteria influencing pedestrian-friendliness (2) developing ANP model of the criteria and their
dependencies, (3) obtaining experts judgement, (4) aggregating the criteria’s priorities, (5) deriving group
judgement of the criteria’s priorities, and (6) ranking the criteria accordingly. In the end, this study will
suggest the priorities for criteria influencing pedestrian-friendliness which can be used as reference in
planning for walking environment to access transit services. This study highlighted nineteen criteria that
could be used in representing the pedestrian-friendliness of FLM. Based on the analysis, it is suggested that
from the nineteen criteria, the presence of signage showing direction is the most important criterion followed
by roofed walkway, convenience in term of walking time, access to public parks and presence of traffic lights
Development Of University Campus Wide Information System (UCWIS) Using Integrated GIS Map And Database Development.
The research is a mapping project effort to create a campus base map that will serve as a common reference for all spatial data on USM main campus and the Engineering campus.
Penyelidikan ini berbentuk projek pemetaan bertujuan menghasilkan peta asas untuk rujukan umum data ruangan Kampus Induk dan Kampus Kejuruteraan USM
Evaluation of innovative cotton genotypes against insect pest prevalence, fiber trait, economic yield and virus incidence in Pakistan
Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum)
is known as important commodity globally.
The experiment was conducted at Cotton
Research Station, Multan, Punjab-Pakistan,
to evaluate resistance of nine innovative
cotton cultivars against insect pest
complex were used along with their
fiber traits, economic yield and virus
incidence. Population of jassid, whitefly
and thrips was recorded by using leaf
turn method, bollworms by counting whole
fruiting parts (buds, flowers and bolls), virus
by counting healthy and virus effected
plants per plot, yield of seed cotton was
determined by hand harvesting method,
while qualitative fiber properties were
measured through HVI spectrum-1 (high
volume instrumentation) method. Cotton
genotype NIAB-Bt-2 is resistant to jassid,
whitefly and thrips with maximum GOT,
staple length. In case of bollworms, all
genotypes are resistant to spotted and
american bollworm, except FH-142 and
MNH-988. No genotype is resistant to pink
bollworm in leftover bolls. Best yield
performance was recorded on FH-142
(2041.54 kg/ha) with minimum CLCuV
incidence. Further our research should
recognize the share of one pest species on
the yield and fiber quality of cotton by
managing other pest species to define better
management strategies. Our studies
concluded that the genotype NIAB-Bt-2 has
less insect attack i.e., sucking pest as well as
bollworms, virus and other fiber
characteristics like GOT, staple length as
compared with other cotton genotypes
should be recommended for general
cultivation and being a resistant germplasm
it should be included in breeding program
for the development of new cotton strains
Settlement suitability mapping based on the salinity index in the Banda Aceh City
The availability of accurate land data is useful in planning, policymaking, regional development, and preserving the environment. Banda Aceh is the center of education and development in Aceh, Indonesia, which is located in the coastal area. The tsunami has had a significant impact on development and settlements in Banda Aceh. Currently, settlements in Banda Aceh rapidly grow also the need for land and water resources. Therefore, mapping the potential for residential land in Banda Aceh is required. This study examines land suitability in Banda Aceh based on the FAO salinity criteria and spatial data analysis by remote sensing methods. Based on the results, it is known that Banda Aceh has land suitable for settlement of around 85% or 2975 hectares. These areas are generally located close to watersheds and receive sufficient freshwater input. Meanwhile, areas far from rivers and close to the coast have brackish salinity. This area is not suitable as a residential area. There are about three sub-districts in Banda Aceh which are not suitable for settlement.Keywords:KrigingRemote sensingSettlementSalinity mappingCoastalBanda Ace
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