Factores clave en la evaluación de la productividad: estudio de caso

Organizational productivity is the basis to generate economic growth and better living conditions. An efficient and effective use of resources is an optimal combination because efficiency plus effectiveness equals productivity. This study examines the perceptions of employees, working at several organizations in the south of the Aburrá Valley (Envigado, Itagüí, Sabaneta, La Estrella, and Caldas in the Department of Antioquia, Colombia), of different factors associated with productivity. The methodology adopted here included a categorical system composed of 10 factors as determinants of productivity, which was designed based on a literature review. This study adopted a mixed-methods approach. A structured survey with 10 closed-ended questions and a Likert scale was answered by 65 employees at 17 organizations. Their answers were tabulated, and each question was analyzed using descriptive statistics and a correlation matrix. Based on the results, the categories that exert the greatest influence on organizational productivity are job stability, policy articulation, physical infrastructure, innovation, research, and technological progress. It is also concluded that motivation presents the highest number of strongly linear correlations with the other factors.La productividad es una condición inicial para obtener crecimiento económico, y para tener mejores condiciones de vida: se debe partir de ser eficientes y eficaces, siendo esta la combinación óptima de los recursos, pues, eficiencia más eficacia es igual a productividad. El objetivo de la investigación fue examinar las percepciones de los empleados en distintas organizaciones del sur del Valle de Aburrá: Envigado, Itagüí, Sabaneta, La Estrella y Caldas en el departamento de Antioquia (Colombia), frente a factores asociados con la productividad. Como metodología, se utilizó un sistema categorial que reunió 10 factores como determinantes de la productividad, el cual se construyó a partir de un rastreo bibliográfico. El enfoque de la investigación fue de tipo mixto. Para el trabajo de campo se aplicaron encuestas estructuradas con 10 preguntas cerradas en 17 organizaciones, utilizando la escala de Likert, obteniendo respuestas de 65 empleados. Posteriormente se tabularon los cuestionarios y se hizo el análisis respectivo para cada pregunta, donde se aplicó la estadística descriptiva y la matriz de correlación, arrojando como resultado que las categorías más decisivas en la productividad son: variable laboral, articulación de políticas, infraestructura física, innovación, investigación y avance tecnológico. Se concluye que la motivación tiene la mayor cantidad de vínculos de correlacionales fuertemente lineales con los demás factores

Avaliação da hidrólise alcalina-enzimática para obter de colágeno hidrolisado de aparas de couro curtido

As aparas de couro curtido representam o resíduo sólido gerado durante o estágio de redução de couro como parte do curtimento e tingimento de peles, este resíduo representa um risco para o meio ambiente no momento de sua disposição final; devido ao alto teor de cromo, situação que torna necessária a avaliação de alternativas para o tratamento desses. No processo experimental, a hidrólise enzimática do chip foi utilizada para obtenção de colágeno hidrolisado, as variáveis ou fatores de processo utilizados foram pH (8 e 10), tempos de reação (11 a 13 horas) e dose da enzima AZUL G -Dupont Internacional (0.00001 kg, 0.0000125 kg y 0.000015 kg). Os resultados experimentais permitiram determinar que as condições ótimas para obtenção de colágeno hidrolisado em seu maior teor foram pH 10, dose enzimática de kg e 12.5 horas de tempo de reação para obter uma concentração de colágeno hidrolisado de 1.828 kg/m3 correspondente a uma recuperação de 9.14 % em massa em relação à massa de lascas de couro curtido utilizada para cada ensaio.The tanned leather shavings represent the solid waste generated during the leather cutting stage as part of the tanning and dyeing of skins, this waste represents a risk to the environment at the time of its final disposal; because of the high chromium content, situation that makes it necessary to evaluate alternatives for the treatment of these. In the experimental process the enzymatic hydrolysis of the chip was used to obtain hydrolyzed collagen, the variables or process factors used were the pH (8 and 10), reaction times (11 to 13 hours) and dose of BLUE G enzyme-Dupont international (0.00001 kg, 0.0000125 kg y 0.000015 kg). The experimental results gave rise to determine that the optimal conditions for obtaining hydrolyzed collagen in its highest content were pH 10, enzyme dose of kg and 12.5 hours of reaction time to obtain a hydrolyzed collagen concentration of 1.828 kg/m3 corresponding to a recovery of 9.14 % by mass with respect to the mass of tanned leather chip used for each test.Las virutas de cuero curtido representan el residuo sólido generado durante la etapa de rebajado de cueros como parte del curtido y teñido de pieles, este residuo representa un riesgo al ambiente al momento de su disposición final; por causa del alto contenido de cromo, situación que hace necesario evaluar alternativas para el tratamiento de estos. En el proceso experimental se empleó la hidrólisis enzimática de la viruta para obtener colágeno hidrolizado, las variables o factores de proceso empleadas fueron el pH (8 y 10), tiempos de reacción (11 a 13 horas) y dosis de enzima BLUE G-Dupont internacional (0.00001 kg, 0.0000125 kg y 0.000015 kg). Los resultados experimentales dieron lugar a determinar que las condiciones óptimas para la obtención de colágeno hidrolizado en su mayor contenido fueron: pH 10, dosis de enzima de kg y 12.5 horas de tiempo de reacción para obtener una concentración de colágeno hidrolizado de 1.828 kg/m3 correspondiente a una recuperación del 9.14 % en masa con respecto a la masa de viruta de cuero curtido utilizada para cada ensayo

The Research Journey as a Challenge Towards New Trends

The academic community of the department of Risaralda, in its permanent interest in evidencing the results of the research processes that are carried out from the Higher Education Institutions and as a product of the VI meeting of researchers of the department of Risaralda held in November 2021 presents its work: “The journey of research as a challenge towards new trends”, which reflects the result of the latest research and advances in different lines of knowledge in Agricultural Sciences, Health Sciences, Social Sciences and Technology and Information Sciences, which seek to solve and meet the demands of the different sectors. This work would not have been possible without the help of each of the teachers, researchers and authors who presented their articles that make up each of the chapters of the book, to them our gratitude for their commitment, dedication and commitment, since their sole purpose is to contribute from the academy and science to scientific and technological development in the search for the solution of problems and thus contribute to transform the reality of our society and communities. We also wish to extend our gratitude to the institutions of the Network that made this publication possible: UTP, UCP, UNAD, UNIREMINGTON; UNISARC, CIAF, Universidad Libre, Uniclaretiana, Fundación Universitaria Comfamiliar and UNIMINUTO, institutions that in one way or another allowed this work to become a reality, which we hope will be of interest to you.Preface............................................................................................................................7 Chapter 1. Technologies and Engineering Towards a humanization in Engineering using soft skills in training in Engineers.............................................................................................................11 Omar Iván Trejos Buriticá1, Luis Eduardo Muñoz Guerrero Innovative materials in construction: review from a bibliometric analysis....................................................................................................................27 Cristian Osorio Gómez, Daniel Aristizábal Torres, Alejandro Alzate Buitrago, Cristhian Camilo Amariles López Bibliometric review of disaster risk management: progress, trends, and challenges.........................................................................................................51 Alejandro Alzate Buitrago, Gloria Milena Molina Vinasco. Incidence of land coverage and geology, in the unstability of lands of the micro-basin of the Combia creek, Pereira, Risaralda....................................73 Alejandro Alzate Buitrago, Daniel Aristizábal Torres. Chapter 2. Arts, Humanities, and Social Sciences Training experience with teachers teaching mathematics using the inquiry methodology ...............................................................................................95 Vivian Libeth Uzuriaga López, Héctor Gerardo Sánchez Bedoya. Interpretation of the multiple representations of the fears associated to the boarding of limited visual patients in the elective I students’ written productions and low vision ...................................................................................113 Eliana Bermúdez Cardona, Ana María Agudelo Guevara, Caterine Villamarín Acosta. The relevance of local knowledge in social sciences............................................131 Alberto Antonio Berón Ospina, Isabel Cristina Castillo Quintero. Basic education students’ conceptions of conflict a view from the peace for the education....................................................................................................143 Astrid Milena Calderón Cárdenas,Carolina Aguirre Arias, Carolina Franco Ossa, Martha Cecilia Gutiérrez Giraldo, Orfa Buitrago. Comprehensive risk prevention in educational settings: an interdisciplinary and socio-educational approach ............................................................................163 Olga María Henao Trujillo, Claudia María López Ortiz. Chapter 3. Natural and Agricultural Sciences Physicochemical characterization of three substrates used in the deep bedding system in swine .......................................................................................175 Juan Manuel Sánchez Rubio, Andrés Felipe Arias Roldan, Jesús Arturo Rincón Sanz, Jaime Andrés Betancourt Vásquez. Periodic solutions in AFM models........................................................................187 Daniel Cortés Zapata, Alexander Gutiérrez Gutiérrez. Phenology in flower and fruit of Rubus glaucus benth. Cv. Thornless in Risaralda: elements for phytosanitary management .........................................199 Shirley Palacios Castro, Andrés Alfonso Patiño Martínez, James Montoya Lerma, Ricardo Flórez, Harry Josué Pérez. Socio-economic and technical characterization of the cultivation of avocado (Persea americana) in Risaralda..............................................................217 Andrés Alfonso Patiño Martínez, Kelly Saudith Castañez Poveda, Eliana Gómez Correa. Biosecurity management in backyard systems in Santa Rosa de Cabal, Risaralda................................................................................................................227 Julia Victoria Arredondo Botero, Jaiver Estiben Ocampo Jaramillo, Juan Sebastián Mera Vallejo, Álvaro de Jesús Aranzazu Hernández. CONTENTS Physical-chemical diagnosis of soils in hillside areas with predominance of Lulo CV. La Selva production system in the department of Risaralda.............241 Adriana Patricia Restrepo Gallón, María Paula Landinez Montes, Jimena Tobón López. Digestibility of three concentrates used in canine feeding....................................271 María Fernanda Mejía Silva, Valentina Noreña Sánchez, Gastón Adolfo Castaño Jiménez. Chapter 4. Economic, Administrative, and Accounting Sciences Financial inclusion in households from socioeconomic strata 1 and 2 in the city of Pereira ..................................................................................................285 Lindy Neth Perea Mosquera, Marlen Isabel Redondo Ramírez, Angélica Viviana Morales. Internal marketing strategies as a competitive advantage for the company Mobilautos SAS de Dosquebradas........................................................................303 Inés Montoya Sánchez, Sandra Patricia Viana Bolaños, Ana María Barrera Rodríguez. Uses of tourist marketing in the tourist sector of the municipality of Belén de Umbría, Risaralda.............................................................................................319 Ana María Barrera Rodríguez, Paola Andrea Echeverri Gutiérrez, María Camila Parra Buitrago, Paola Andrea Martín Muñoz, Angy Paola Ángel Vélez, Luisa Natalia Trejos Ospina. Territorial prospective of Risaralda department (Colombia), based on the SDGS...............................................................................................................333 Juan Guillermo Gil García, Samanta Londoño Velásquez. Chapter 5. Health and Sports Sciences Performance evaluation in times of pandemic. What do medical students think?.......................................................................................................353 Samuel Eduardo Trujillo Henao, Rodolfo A. Cabrales Vega, Germán Alberto Moreno Gómez. The relevance of the therapist’s self and self-reference in the training of psychologists.....................................................................................................371 Maria Paula Marmolejo Lozano, Mireya Ospina Botero. Habits related to oral health which influence lifestyle of elder people in a wellness center for the elderly in Pereira 2020. .............................................387 Isadora Blanco Pérez, Olga Patricia Ramírez Rodríguez, Ángela María Rincón Hurtado. Analysis of the suicide trend in the Coffee Region in Colombia during the years 2012-2018 ..............................................................................................405 Germán Alberto Moreno Gómez, Jennifer Nessim Salazar, Jairo Franco Londoño, Juan Carlos Medina Osorio. Hind limb long bone fractures in canines and felines...........................................419 María Camila Cruz Vélez, Valentina Herrera Morales, Alba Nydia Restrepo Jiménez, Lina Marcela Palomino, Gabriel Rodolfo Izquierdo Bravo. Prevalence of overweight and obesity in children in the rural and urban area of Risaralda....................................................................................................439 Angela María Álvarez López, Angela Liceth Pérez Rendón, Alejandro Gómez Rodas, Luis Enrique Isaza Velásquez. Chapter 6. Architecture, Design and Advertising The artisan crafts of Risaralda, characteristics, importance, and risks within the Colombian Coffee Cultural Landscape, CCCL....................................457 Yaffa Nahir Ivette Gómez Barrera, Javier Alfonso López Morales

Use of alternatives therapies, current challenge in the management of pain

Pain, defined as an unpleasant sensory or emotional experience from actual or potential tissue damage, it has been the subject of multiple investigations seeking to explain its pathophysiology, from their genetic and molecular bases until their physical and biological principles, in order to develop different therapeutic options that reduce or eradicate his presentation among the population. During recent decades, the use of complementary and alternative therapies has taken strength and gained popularity, being particularly useful in some specific groups of patients, like those who have chronic pain. These therapies are constituted by a wide and varied group of therapeutic interventions such as ayurvedic medicine, homeopathy, herbal, aromatherapy, among others; it is important that health professional know it and consider it as an option in the integral management of the pain.El dolor, definido como una experiencia sensorial o emocional desagradable de daño tisular real o potencial, ha sido motivo de múltiples investigaciones que buscan explicar su fisiopatología, desde sus bases genéticas y moleculares, hasta sus principios físicos y biológicos, con el fin de desarrollar diferentes opciones terapéuticas que permitan disminuir o erradicar su presentación entre la población. Durante las últimas décadas, el uso de las terapias complementarias y alternativas ha tomado fuerza y ganado popularidad, siendo particularmente útiles en algunos grupos específicos de pacientes, como aquellos que presentan dolor crónico oncológico. Estas terapias están constituidas por un amplio y variado grupo de intervenciones terapéuticas tales como medicina herbal, ayurvédica, homeopatía, aromaterapia, entre otras; es importante entonces que el personal de salud las conozca y las considere como una opción en el manejo integral del dolor

Evaluación de la hidrólisis enzimática de wet white asistida con ultrasonido para obtener colágeno hidrolizado

The present investigation focuses on the evaluation of the enzymatic hydrolysis method assisted by ultrasound in obtaining hydrolyzed collagen from the use of the residue (wet white) from leather tanned with glutaraldehyde, in order to minimize the generation of environmental impacts that have occurred for such material. The effect of pH of the solution, enzyme dose, intensity of applied ultrasound, and temperature of the mixture were evaluated, keeping constant the initial mass of wet white, volume of water and reaction time. The experimental results indicate that for pH 9 doses of enzyme Tan G Plus 0.00012 kg, temperature of 313.15 K and intensity of ultrasound of 40 % it is possible to degrade the material and denature the protein, obtaining a hydrolyzed collagen weight concentration of 3.013 kg / m3, for each kilogram of material used, which represents a 3.0% mass recovery of wet white. It is observed that the most representative variables for the analyzed process are the pH and the temperature, giving a higher performance to the process allowing get a higher amount of hydrolyzed protein.La presente investigación se centra en la evaluación del método de hidrólisis enzimática asistida por ultrasonido en la obtención de colágeno hidrolizado a partir del aprovechamiento del residuo (wet white) proveniente del cuero curtido con glutaraldehído, con la finalidad de minimizar la generación de impactos ambientales por dicho material. Se evaluó el efecto del pH de la solución, dosis de enzima, intensidad de ultrasonido aplicado y temperatura de la mezcla, manteniendo constantes la masa inicial de wet white, el volumen de agua y el tiempo de reacción. Los resultados experimentales señalan que para pH 9 dosis de enzima Tan G Plus 0.00012 kg, temperatura de 313.15 K e intensidad de ultrasonido del 40 % se logra degradar el material y desnaturalizar la proteína, obteniendo una concentración en peso de colágeno hidrolizado de 3.013 kg/m3, por cada kilogramo de material empleado, el cual representa una recuperación del 3.0 % en masa de wet white. Se observa que las variables más representativas para el proceso analizado son el pH y la temperatura, que dan un mayor rendimiento al proceso y permiten obtener mayor cantidad de proteína hidrolizada

Biodiversidad 2016. Estado y Tendencias de la Biodiversidad Continental de Colombia

Esta tercera entrega del reporte anual de la biodiversidad en Colombia profundiza en la línea editorial iniciada el año 2014 mediante nuevas propuestas analíticas y gráficas, con la intención de garantizar que la información llegue a todos los públicos y pueda ser discutida de manera amena sin sacrificio de calidad. La apuesta comunicativa sigue siendo central en el proyecto institucional y los nuevos lenguajes con los que estamos aprendiendo a conversar con la sociedad y las instituciones son un experimento que esperamos sea cada vez más satisfactorio: ya estamos construyendo la versión 2017 con el apoyo de las nuevas tecnologías digitales de manera que la potencia de la conexión vital colombiana se exprese en toda su capacidad. Por los contenidos es evidente que aún distamos mucho de tener una capacidad de seguimiento sistemático para la mayoría de temas relativos a la gestión de la biodiversidad y los servicios ecosistémicos, la única manera de evaluar si las medidas de política y las inversiones que realiza la sociedad están teniendo los efectos deseados. De hecho, parte de las limitaciones reconocidas por robustamente los cambios positivos o negativos que afectan los diferentes niveles de organización de la vida planetaria, por lo cual las mismas metas de Aichi, nuestra carta de navegación global, están pendientes de verificación. Un propósito adicional de este proceso es la invitación a todos los colombianos para contribuir con la construcción y alimentación de los indicadores básicos de seguimiento a la gestión, ya que es imposible identificar las tendencias de largo plazo en que están inmersas la flora y fauna colombianas sin el apoyo de las instituciones, los investigadores y los ciudadanos: en el país de la megadiversidad, el reto es inmenso. Por este motivo, este reporte irá abriendo sus páginas a expertos, incluso indígenas o de comunidades locales, para que presenten de manera sistemática y documentada sus perspectivas del cambio ambiental y sus efectos en la biodiversidad, con el ánimo de promover el compromiso de todos en su gestión. La única manera de superar el riesgo de extinción es mediante un activo proceso de aprendizajes sociales que haga que todos los sectores asuman una parte de la compleja responsabilidad que significa proteger todas las formas de vida del país, una décima parte mal contada de las planetarias. Agradezco a las decenas de personas que contribuyeron con este reporte, a quienes nos han apoyado en todas las etapas de producción y a sus lectores y usuarios, quienes son en último término los jueces de su utilidad.Bogotá, D. C

Biodiversity 2016. Status and Trends of Colombian Continental Biodiversity

This third volume of the annual report on biodiversity in Colombia continues the editorial line that begun in 2014. Using novel analytical and graphic proposals, these reports have the goal of communicating the contents to a broad public, making it available for discussion without sacrificing the quality of information. The challenge of communication continues to be a major part of the institutional project, and the new languages with which we are learning to communicate with society and other institutions are an experiment that we expect to be increasingly gratifying. The report for 2017 is already under construction and it counts on new digital technologies so the power of a colombian vital connection may be entirely expressed. The included content evidences that we are still far away from having a systematic follow-up about most of the topics related to the management of biodiversity and ecosystem services, which is the only way to evaluate the effectiveness of policies and investments made by society. In fact, a limitation that is recognized is that of identifying positive or negative changes that affect different levels of organization of life on this planet; therefore, our global navigation route of the Aichi targets is still to be verified. An additional purpose of this process includes the invitation of all Colombians to contribute in constructing and maintaining basic monitoring indicators for management since it is impossible to identify long-term trends of flora and fauna in the country without the support of institutions, researchers, and citizens. This challenge is immense in a megadiverse country such as Colombia. For this reason, the report will continue to open its pages to experts, and even indigenous peoples or local communities, for them to present their perspectives about environmental change and its effects on biodiversity in a systematic and documented manner. This has the objective of stimulating the commitment of everyone in the management of biodiversity and ecosystem services. The only way of overcoming the risk of extinction is through the active process of social learning in which all sectors assume a part of the complex responsibility in protecting the forms of life of the country, a roughly counted tenth of all creatures on Earth. I thank all the people that contributed in this Report, those who have supported us in the phases of production, and all readers and users, who are the ultimate judges of its utility.Bogotá, D. C