Optimization of a Runge-Kutta 4th Order Method-based Airbrake Control System for High-Speed Vehicles Using Neural Networks

The Runge-Kutta 4th Order (RK4) technique is extensively employed in the numerical solution of differential equations for airbrake control system design. However, its computational efficacy may encounter restrictions when dealing with high-speed vehicles that experience intricate aerodynamic forces. Using a Neural Network, a unique technique to improving the RK4-based airbrakes code is provided. The Neural Network is trained on numerous aspects of the high-speed vehicle as well as the current status of the airbrakes. This data was generated through the traditional RK4-based simulations and can predict the state of the airbrakes for any given state of the rocket in real-time. The proposed approach is demonstrated on a high-speed airbrakes control system, achieving comparable or better performance than the traditional RK4-based system while significantly reducing computational time by reducing the number of mathematical operations. The proposed method can adapt to changes in flow conditions and optimize the airbrakes system in real-time

India's Image as a destination for British tourists

Destination image is a popular topic in tourism research due to its high ended importance in understanding the destination selection process. It is an important concept which helps in assessing the perceptions of target market tourist. A destination can realize its full tourism potential only once it has a favourable image and thus Destination marketers are on a constant move towards creating a positive image through various marketing strategies and destination positioning. India is a soaring economy with a huge potential for tourism. The UK is one of the most important tourism generating countries for India. The destination managers of India are striving towards tapping these key tourism generating markets. With respect to destination image very few studies have focused specifically on India and none of them have analyzed the Image of India as a destination for British tourist. Thus the aim of this study was to rectify this knowledge deficit. The use of both qualitative and quantitative methods of interviews and survey in this study revealed the fact that the overall Image of India as perceived by the British is positive, varying across various tourism sub-sectors with respect to both British visitors and non- visitors. From a practical viewpoint this research helped in identifying the destination positioning and marketing strategies to be undertaken by the Indian tourism authorities

Understanding farmers’ cropping decisions and implications for crop diversity conservation: insights from central India

Conserving crop diversity is promoted for global food system stability and creating local benefits like improved farmer nutrition, incomes and adaptive capacities. However, little is known about how farmers make decisions shaping crop diversity, and how conservation efforts can be aligned with farmers' goals. This study examines how interacting values, rules and knowledge shape decisions of subsistence farmers in central India. Findings suggest that farmers' values play a central role in shaping crop diversity. Their culinary and health preferences for consuming various self-cultivated crops primarily drive portfolio decisions. Farmers are hesitant to invest in commercial agricultural because of unreliable returns. Furthermore, they prefer to control water availability and land quality as means of coping with environmental change, rather than resorting to crop diversification. Finally, a rich understanding of local crop diversity dynamics questions the ethics of expecting marginal farmers to shoulder the burden of conservation for global gain, suggesting ex-situ strategies are appropriate where in-situ practices are not autonomously selected. Overall, the analysis demonstrates the importance of understanding farmer-level decision-making for wider crop diversity conservation debates

Effect Of Non-Ballistic Active Knee Extension In Neural Slump Position On Hamstring Flexibility

PURPOSE :- To assess how neural slump mobilization affects hamstring flexibility BACKGROUND :- Thirty adult individuals in good health with restricted right hamstring flexibility (minimum of 15 degrees less active knee extension assessed with femur held at 90 degrees of hip flexion) were divided into two groups at random. METHOD:- Subjects in Group A will engage in non-ballistic static stretching for 30 seconds, which will be followed by static stretching for 30 seconds after a 5-minute rest period for two weeks. Group-B: Over the course of two weeks, the subject will complete static stretches maintained for 30 seconds, repeated five times, with a 1-second break in between each stretch. STATICAL ANALYSIS :- To compare the mean value for pre-treatment and post-treatment ROM across groups as well as the comparison of the mean values for pre-treatment and post-treatment ROM within the group, independent sample t-test and paired t-test were employed, respectively. A value of p was chosen.05 RESULT:- According to a within-group analysis, group A's mean range of motion was larger after therapy than it was before treatment (53.83 2.43), and this difference was determined to be statistically significant (p=0.00). The difference between the mean post-treatment range of motion value for group B (51.44 2.63) and the mean pre-treatment range of motion value (38.49 3.26) was determined to be statistically significant (p=0.00). The results of the between-group analysis showed that group A's mean post-treatment range of motion value was greater than group B's (53.83 2.43 vs. 51.44 2.63), and this difference was judged to be statistically significant (p=0.016). CONCLUSION :- The results of the current study showed that static stretching combined with the neural slump posture improved hamstring flexibility in adults more than static stretching alone, resulting in changes in the accuracy of the active knee extension measuremen

Role of cervical dendritic cell subsets, co-stimulatory molecules, cytokine secretion profile and beta-estradiol in development of sequalae to Chlamydia trachomatis infection

BACKGROUND: Chlamydia trachomatis infection of the female genital tract can lead to serious sequelae resulting in fertility related disorders. Little is known about the mechanism leading to Chlamydia induced pathology and factors responsible for it. As only some of the women develops reproductive disorders while majority of the women clears infection without any severe sequalae, mucosal immune response in women with or without fertility disorders was studied to identify factors which may lead to final clinical outcome of chlamydial infection. METHODS: Myeloid DCs (mDCs) and plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs) populations in cervical mucosa and peripheral blood were analyzed in controls and Chlamydia positive women with or without fertility disorders with multicoloured flow cytometric analysis. Cervical cytokines (IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma), C-reactive protein levels and sex hormone levels in serum were quantified by ELISA. RESULTS: In cervix of Chlamydia positive women with fertility disorders, significantly high (P < 0.05) numbers of pDCs were present with increased CD80 expression. pDCs correlated significantly with C-reactive protein levels, IL-6 and IFN-gamma levels in women with fertility disorders. In contrast, mDCs showed significant upregulation of CD1a during chlamydial infection and correlated significantly with IL-12 levels in Chlamydia positive fertile women. β-estradiol levels were significantly higher in women having fertility disorders as compared to fertile women and have significant correlations (r = 0.65; P < 0.05) with pDCs numbers, CD80 expression, IL-6 levels and IFN-gamma levels in these women. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that development of sequalae in some women can be a result of interplay of many factors including type of dendritic cell, co stimulatory molecule expression, cytokine secretion pattern and hormone levels

Queer In AI: A Case Study in Community-Led Participatory AI

We present Queer in AI as a case study for community-led participatory design in AI. We examine how participatory design and intersectional tenets started and shaped this community's programs over the years. We discuss different challenges that emerged in the process, look at ways this organization has fallen short of operationalizing participatory and intersectional principles, and then assess the organization's impact. Queer in AI provides important lessons and insights for practitioners and theorists of participatory methods broadly through its rejection of hierarchy in favor of decentralization, success at building aid and programs by and for the queer community, and effort to change actors and institutions outside of the queer community. Finally, we theorize how communities like Queer in AI contribute to the participatory design in AI more broadly by fostering cultures of participation in AI, welcoming and empowering marginalized participants, critiquing poor or exploitative participatory practices, and bringing participation to institutions outside of individual research projects. Queer in AI's work serves as a case study of grassroots activism and participatory methods within AI, demonstrating the potential of community-led participatory methods and intersectional praxis, while also providing challenges, case studies, and nuanced insights to researchers developing and using participatory methods.Comment: To appear at FAccT 202

Climate change adaptation to extreme heat: a global systematic review of implemented action

Extreme heat events impact people and ecosystems across the globe, and they are becoming more frequent and intense in a warming climate. Responses to heat span sectors and geographic boundaries. Prior research has documented technologies or options that can be deployed to manage extreme heat and examples of how individuals, communities, governments and other stakeholder groups are adapting to heat. However, a comprehensive understanding of the current state of implemented heat adaptations—where, why, how and to what extent they are occurring—has not been established. Here, we combine data from the Global Adaptation Mapping Initiative with a heat-specific systematic review to analyze the global extent and diversity of documented heat adaptation actions (n = 301 peer-reviewed articles). Data from 98 countries suggest that documented heat adaptations fundamentally differ by geographic region and national income. In high-income, developed countries, heat is overwhelmingly treated as a health issue, particularly in urban areas. However, in low- and middle-income, developing countries, heat adaptations focus on agricultural and livelihood-based impacts, primarily considering heat as a compound hazard with drought and other hydrological hazards. 63% of the heat-adaptation articles feature individuals or communities autonomously adapting, highlighting how responses to date have largely consisted of coping strategies. The current global status of responses to intensifying extreme heat, largely autonomous and incremental yet widespread, establishes a foundation for informed decision-making as heat impacts around the world continue to increase

India's Image as a destination for British tourists

Destination image is a popular topic in tourism research due to its high ended importance in understanding the destination selection process. It is an important concept which helps in assessing the perceptions of target market tourist. A destination can realize its full tourism potential only once it has a favourable image and thus Destination marketers are on a constant move towards creating a positive image through various marketing strategies and destination positioning. India is a soaring economy with a huge potential for tourism. The UK is one of the most important tourism generating countries for India. The destination managers of India are striving towards tapping these key tourism generating markets. With respect to destination image very few studies have focused specifically on India and none of them have analyzed the Image of India as a destination for British tourist. Thus the aim of this study was to rectify this knowledge deficit. The use of both qualitative and quantitative methods of interviews and survey in this study revealed the fact that the overall Image of India as perceived by the British is positive, varying across various tourism sub-sectors with respect to both British visitors and non- visitors. From a practical viewpoint this research helped in identifying the destination positioning and marketing strategies to be undertaken by the Indian tourism authorities

Compact MIMO Antenna for Multiband Mobile Applications

Abstract This paper presents a multiple input multiple output (MIMO) antenna for multiband operation based on meander lines with L shaped metallic strip. Meander lines is basically a monopole antenna loaded with multiple sections of short circuited transmission line that acts as inductor and alter the impedance characteristics of antenna. Antenna size miniaturization of 69 % has been achieved by placing double U slots on the ground plane and a line slot DGS (Defective Ground Structure) is used to reduce the mutual coupling between the antenna elements. The values of envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) and Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) lie well below the specified limit

Establishing Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Unit in Resource Limited Setting: A Critical Analysis of Indian Council of Medical Research 2017 Guidelines

The scope and application of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation are increasing. With advancement in science and close cooperation of health centers, HSCT units are coming up in new developing and underdeveloped countries. India hosts many HSCT units and often provides financially viable option for HSCT to foreign patients as well. Recently Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) issued a guideline about HSCT unit in India. This review article discusses establishment of new HSCT unit in resource limited setting. Subsequent implication of ICMR guideline has been done