Pseudohipoaldosteronism Type 1: a case report supported by a literature review

In the neonatal period, hydro electrolytic disorders with dehydration and metabolic acidosis can cause admission to an intensive care unit and become a diagnostic challenge. Among such disorders, hyponatremia and hyperkalemia become diagnostic challenges with hormonal involvement, including aldosterone. Pseudohypoaldosteronism (PHA) resulting from the lack of response to aldosterone in target cells can be classified into three types and its suspected diagnosis in cases of hyponatremia, hyperkalemia with an elevation of serum aldosterone, can be confirmed by exome sequencing with identification of a potentially pathogenic. This study was based on the case report of a newborn of consanguineous parents who, after birth, evolved in the first week of life with shock, hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, and metabolic acidosis. An initial investigation ruled out congenital adrenal hyperplasia. The presence of hyperaldosteronism with increased plasma renin activity, associated with hyperkalemia and hyponatremia difficult to control with electrolyte replacement, led to a molecular investigation that confirmed PHA type 1 by a mutation in the SCCN1A gene. In neonates with severe hyponatremia that is difficult to resolve with conventional treatment and elevation of serum aldosterone, this pathology must be remembered and investigated, avoiding high morbidity and mortality

Computational assessment of solventes for microalgae lipi extration.

A biomassa tem sido colocada em evidência como principal matéria-prima para produção de biocombustíveis, embora seja capaz de produzir diversos compostos como: fármacos, aditivos alimentícios, materiais, entre outros. Dentre as diversas matérias-primas originadas da biomassa, pode-se destacar a microalga para produção não só de combustíveis como diversos químicos de interesse por causa de sua alta produtividade, baixa necessidade de terras aráveis e água pura e sua versatilidade. Entretanto, o processo ainda não se provou financeiramente viável pelo seu alto custo. Diversos trabalhos tem sido feitos avaliando técnicas diferentes de cultivo e diferentes rotas de processamento para produção de diversos combustíveis de forma combinada. Este trabalho tem como propósito avaliar computacionalmente o processo de extração de lipídios da microalga com diferentes solventes para posterior produção de biodiesel. Para isso foi criada uma metodologia multi-step com 3 etapas de avalição: propriedades físico químicas, demanda energética e parâmetros EHS (environmental, health and safety), e uma análise tecnoeconômica preliminar. Um conjunto inicial de 111 solventes foi utilizado para esse trabalho, sendo que 96 candidatos foram avaliados na etapa 1, e 2 candidatos na última etapa. Os 2 solventes avaliados na última etapa foram o DLimoneno e o Palmitato de Metila, sendo o primeiro já utilizado em trabalhos de extração de óleo de microalga e o segundo uma aparição inovadora. A avaliação tecno-econômica de ambos os solventes resultou em um resultado financeiro pior que o benchmark n-hexano, embora ainda possa-se considerar benefícios como créditos de carbono, evasão de multas ambientais e menor custo de tratamento.Biomass has been highlighted as the main raw material for the production of biofuels, although it is capable of producing several compounds such as: drugs, food additives, materials, among others. Among the various raw materials originating from biomass, we can highlight the microalgae for the production of not only fuels but also several chemicals of interest because of its high productivity, low need for arable land and pure water and its versatility. However, the process has not yet proven to be financially viable due to its high cost. Several works have been done evaluating different cultivation techniques and different processing routes for the production of different fuels in a combined way. This work aims to computationally evaluate the process of extracting lipids from microalgae with different solvents for later production of biodiesel. For this, a multi-step methodology was created with 3 evaluation steps: physical chemical properties, energy demand and EHS (environmental, health and safety) parameters, and a preliminary techno-economic analysis. An initial set of 111 solvents was used for this work, with 96 candidates being evaluated in step 1, and 2 candidates in the last step. The 2 solvents evaluated in the last stage were D-Limonene and Methyl Palmitate, the first being already used in microalgae oil extraction works and the second an innovative appearance. The techno economic assessment of both solvents resulted in a worse financial result than the n-hexane benchmark, although benefits such as carbon credits, avoidance of environmental fines and lower treatment costs can still be considered

Natural biological control of aphids (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in a wheat field by parasitoids (Hymenoptera, Aphidiinae) in Medianeira, PR, Brazil/ <br> Controle biológico natural de pulgões (Hemiptera: Aphididae) em lavoura de trigo por parasitóides (Hymenoptera, Aphidiinae), no município de Medianeira, PR, Brasil

Aphids constitute one of the main phytosanitary problems in wheat crops in southern Brazil, and are the target of a biological control program with parasitoids implemented in Brazil since the 1970’s. In spite of the initial success quickly achieved, no recent study exists for the west region of the State of Paraná that evaluates the current status of aphid biological control; therefore, this was the object of the present work. Weekly surveys were conducted in a commercial wheat crop in Medianeira, PR. The aphids were identified and, when parasitization was verified, they were analyzed until emergence of the parasitoid. The population of aphids did not reach the mean value of 1 insect/tiller, with predominance of Rhopalosiphum padi (53%), followed by Sitobium avenae and R. maidis (19.5%) and Metopolophium dirhodum (8%), which were verified mostly from the wheat elongation stage. The parasitoids were observed starting at the wheat flowering season (about 3 months after planting), and only two species of braconids, Lysiphlebus testaceipes (97.3%) and Diaeretiella rapae (2.7%), were identified, whose population growth followed the aphids population of, keeping the same trend after the number of aphids in the field was reduced.<p><p>Os pulgões são um dos principais problemas fitossanitários da cultura do trigo no sul do Brasil, sendo alvo de um programa de controle biológico por parasitóides implantado no Brasil a partir da década de 1970. A despeito do sucesso inicial rapidamente obtido não há na região oeste do Paraná nenhum estudo recente avaliando a situação atual do controle biológico dos pulgões, sendo este o objetivo do presente trabalho. Foram realizados levantamentos semanais em uma lavoura comercial de trigo em Medianera, PR, sendo os pulgões identificados e quando parasitados, analisados até a emergência do parasitóide. A população de pulgões não alcançou a média de um inseto/afilho, com a predominância de Rhopalosiphum padi (53%), seguido de Sitobion avenae e R. maidis (19,5%) e Metapophium dirhodum (8%), surgindo principalmente a partir da fase de alongamento do trigo. Os parasitóides foram observados a partir da época de floração do trigo (cerca de três meses após o plantio), sendo identificadas apenas duas espécies de braconídeos Lysiphlebus testaceipes (97,3%) e Diaretiella rapae (2,7%), cujo crescimento populacional acompanhou a população de pulgões, seguindo a mesma tendência após a redução do número de pulgões no campo

Smart Detection: An Online Approach for DoS/DDoS Attack Detection Using Machine Learning

International audienc

Biochemical and Microbiological Aspects of the Oral Cavity of Children and Young People with Neurological Impairment and Oropharyngeal Dysphagia

The components and the salivary flow have a direct influence on the composition of the oral microbiota of children and young people with oropharyngeal dysphagia, and studies have already demonstrated the excessive accumulation of supragingival dental calculus in individuals with enteral nutrition. This study aimed to compare the oral hygiene, biochemical, and microbiological aspects of the oral cavity of children and young people with neurological impairment and oropharyngeal dysphagia. Forty children and young people with neurological impairment and oropharyngeal dysphagia were enrolled and divided into two groups: group I, encompassing 20 participants fed via gastrostomy; and group II, encompassing 20 participants fed via the oral route. Oral hygiene and salivary pH and flow were assessed, and a polymerase chain reaction was performed to evaluate the messenger RNA expressions of Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tanerella forsythia, and Treponema denticola. In groups I and II, the mean Oral Hygiene Index—Simplified scores were 4 and 2, respectively, showing a significant difference; the mean Calculus Index scores were 2 and 0, respectively, showing a significant difference; and the mean pH was 7.5 and 6.0, respectively, showing a significant difference. Bacterial analysis indicated no association between the two groups. It can be concluded that children and young people who use gastrostomy had a poorer oral hygiene, greater dental calculus deposition, and higher salivary pH. The saliva of patients in both groups contained Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tanerella forsythia, and Treponema denticola

Composição florística do estrato arbóreo de floresta Atlântica Interiorana em Araponga - Minas Gerais Tree strtum floristc composition of an Inland Atlantic forest in Araponga - MG

Os objetivos deste trabalho foram determinar a composição florística de um fragmento de Floresta e analisar a sua similaridade com outras áreas de Floresta Estacional Semidecidual e Floresta Ombrófila Densa, com o intuito de classificar a tipologia florestal da área de estudo. O levantamento foi realizado em uma trilha interpretativa na Pousada Serra D'Água (20º41'24"S e 42º29'47"W, 1.100 m de altitude), região de entorno do Parque Estadual da Serra do Brigadeiro (PESB), Município de Araponga, MG. A listagem florística foi obtida a partir do levantamento fitossociológico, no qual foram demarcados 150 pontos quadrantes. Foram relacionadas 147 espécies, 98 gêneros e 50 famílias. As famílias com maior número de espécies foram: Melastomataceae (14), Leguminosae (11), Myrtaceae (10), Rubiaceae (8), Annonaceae (7), Flacourtiaceae (7), Lauraceae (7) e Meliaceae (6). Os resultados da análise de agrupamento revelaram que os aspectos de proximidade geográfica e altitude são os principais responsáveis pela similaridade florística de muitas áreas. A vegetação da área de estudo pode ser classificada como Floresta Estacional Semidecidual Montana, pelo fato de a sua composição florística mostrar alta similaridade com outras áreas dessa mesma tipologia.<br>The objective of this work was to determine the floristic composition of a forest fragment and to analyze its similarity with other areas of the Semideciduous Seasonal Forest and Dense Ombrophylous Forest, in order to classify the forest typology of this area. The survey was carried out in an interpretative trail at the Pousada Serra D'Água (20º41'24"S and 42º29'47"W, 1100 m altitude), in the region around the Serra do Brigadeiro State Park (PESB), municipality of Araponga, MG. The floristic list was obtained from the phytosociological survey in which 150 quarter-centered-points were established. A total of 147 species, 98 genera and 50 families were found. The families with the greatest number of species were: Melastomataceae (14), Leguminosae (11), Myrtaceae (10), Rubiaceae (8), Annonaceae (7), Flacourtiaceae (7), Lauraceae (7) and Meliaceae (6). The results of the cluster analysis showed that the aspects of geographic proximity and altitude are the main factors responsible for the floristic similarity of many areas. The vegetation of the studied area can be classified as Montane Semideciduous Seasonal Forest, since its floristic composition shows a great similarity with other areas of the same typology