WAIS-III valiidsus vaimse alaarengu diagnoosiga isikutel

Uurimistöö eesmärk oli kontrollida eestistatud WAIS-III (Wechsleri täiskasvanute intelligentsuse skaala kolmas väljaanne; Wechsler, 1998) testipaketi diagnostilist valiidsust vaimse alaarenguga isikute soorituse hindamisel, vastavust testi teoreetilisele struktuurile ning täpsustada vaimse alaarenguga isikute soorituse iseärasusi. Uurimuses osales 29 kerge ja mõõduka vaimse alaarengu diagnoosiga isikut ning 26 soo, vanuse ja haridustaseme poolest vastavat kontrollisikut. Vaimse alaarengu diagnoosiga isikute sooritus oli statistiliselt oluliselt madalam ilma vastava diagnoosita isikute sooritusest kõikide eestistatud WAIS-III jaoks arvutatavate alltestide standard-, indeks- ning IQ-skooride lõikes (p < ,0029). Testitulemusi analüüsides leiti kinnitust WAIS-III nelja-faktorilisele strukuurile. Samadesse indeksitesse kuuluvate alltestide tulemused korreleerusid nii vaimse alaarenguga isikute kui ka tervete kontrollgrupi uuritavate puhul omavahel enam kui erinevatesse indeksitesse kuuluvate alltestide tulemused. Diagnoosita isikute sooritusega võrreldes iseloomustas vaimse alaarengu diagnoosiga isikute sooritust tugevam korrelatsioon enamike alltestide ja indeksite vahel ning statistiliselt oluliselt madalam alltestide vaheline hajuvus (p < ,0029). Vaimse alaarengu diagnoosiga isikute soorituses on võimalik eristada sooritusliku IQ ja indeksite, verbaalsete ja mitteverbaalsete alltestide lõikes erinevaid profiile, mis võivad abistada individuaalse soorituse tõlgendamisel.http://www.ester.ee/record=b4511701*es

A New Approach for Assessment of Mental Architecture: Repeated Tagging

A new approach to the study of a relatively neglected property of mental architecture—whether and when the already-processed elements are separated from the to-be-processed elements—is proposed. The process of numerical proportion discrimination between two sets of elements defined either by color or by orientation can be described as sampling with or without replacement (characterized by binomial or hypergeometric probability distributions respectively) depending on the possibility to tag an element once or repeatedly. All empirical psychometric functions were approximated by a theoretical model showing that the ability to keep track of the already tagged elements is not an inflexible part of the mental architecture but rather an individually variable strategy which also depends on conspicuity of perceptual attributes. Strong evidence is provided that in a considerable number of trials, observers tagged the same element repeatedly which can only be done serially at two separate time moments

All possible theoretical models.

<p>All possible theoretical models corresponding to binomial (bin<i>_K</i>) or hypergeometric (hyp<i>_K</i>) distributions with the length of trials <i>K</i>.</p

Stimulus configurations in the two experiments.

<p>Schematic view of stimulus configurations used in the numerosity discrimination experiment using color (left panel) or orientation (right panel) as a distinctive attribute.</p

The best fitting theoretical models (dotted line) <i>vs</i> empirical results (red points).

<p>The choice probability as a function of the proportion of the chosen response category for four observers, two discrimination tasks (color and orientation), and two numbers of elements (<i>N</i> = 9 and 13). Each point is a probability estimate computed from 100 trials. The dotted line represents the best fitting theoretical mixture model shown in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0029667#pone-0029667-t001" target="_blank">Tables 1.A</a> and <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0029667#pone-0029667-t002" target="_blank">2.A</a>.</p