Infuence of phytogenic preparation 1317 Digestarom Geflügel Premium on protein metabolism in the organism of birds

The tested phytogenic preparation 1317 Digestarom Geflügel Premium positively influenced the changes in blood indicators, stimulates the growth and meat quality of chickens broilers.Švietimo akademijaVytauto Didžiojo universiteta

The Effect of royal jelly on boar sperm viability and motility during liquid storage for 96 hours

The current study was carried out to investigate the protective effects of royal jelly supplementation on sperm motility, viability and pH value during the liquid storage of boar semen at 16 °C and 4 °C, at various periods of time (0, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h). Semen samples were collected from 11 boars, diluted with a long-term extender and supplemented with different concentration of royal jelly (0%, 0.5%, 1% and 2%) at a final concentration of 50 × 106 sperm/ml. In the laboratory, the semen was assessed for sperm morphology, viability (eosin-nigrosin staining), subjective motility and objective sperm motility by sperm class analyzer. In total, 396 tests for sperm viability and motility were performed. The longer storage time and the lower incubation temperature showed lower sperm motility and viability results. The results showed that royal jelly supplementation at 1% concentrations protected the functionality of the sperm plasma membrane during the liquid storage time of 96 h at 16 °C. Sperm subjective and objective motility results in samples stored at 4 °C decreased with higher royal jelly concentrations and longer storage time, and differ significantly from the results in samples stored at 16 °C (P < 0.05). Our data showed that royal jelly supplementation at lower concentrations can improve boar semen motility and viability parameters during liquid storage at 16 °C for 96 h

The Effect of extruded full-fat rapeseed on productivity and eggs quality of isa brown laying hens

The eight-week feeding trial was conducted involving 27-wk-old Isa brown laying hens to study the effect of dry extrusion processing on partial reduction in total glucosinolates content of locally produced rapeseed and on productivity and eggs quality parameters of laying hens. Thirty-six hens were randomly assigned one of three treatments (CONTR, AERS and HERS), each comprising 12, individual caged layers. The main composition of the diets was the same, but extruded soya bean seed were replaced with 2.5% of the extruded rapeseed in the AERS group and 4.5 % in the HERS group. Rapeseed was extruded together with faba beans. Due to extrusion process the glucosinolates content was reduced by 7.83 μmol/g of rapeseed. The results of conducted trial shows, that during all experimental period egg production parameters, such as the average feed intake (6529.17 vs. 6257 g/hen/14 day; P < 0.05) and laying intensity (94.35% vs. 89.29; P < 0.05) were statistically different for HERS and CONTR laying hens respectively. Only the feed conversion ratio to produce 1 kg of eggs, kg in AERS group was by 11 % lower compared to CONTR group (P < 0.05). By analysing the effect of extruded rapeseed on egg mass, the statistical differences between treatments were no determined. The dietary treatments did not affect egg weight, albumen height, haugh units, albumen and yolk pH. However, in the HERS group were get eggs with the more intensive yolk color, higher redness (a) and yellowness (b) values. The inclusion of full-fat extruded rapeseed had no effect on egg shell quality parameters, i.e. shell breaking strength, shell weight with and without coat and shell index, but in the experimental groups were get eggs with the thinner shell (P < 0.05). The internal egg quality analysis showed that with higher content of extruded rapeseed (4.5 %) level in the diet, the total cholesterol in the eggs yolk decreased by 1.92 mg/g in comparison wi[...]

Triticale varieties in broiler chickens diets

This experiment was undertaken to evaluate the nutritional potential of triticale varieties grown in Lithuania. In experiment 400 Ross 308 broiler chickens were distributed in an entirely randomized design, with two treatments with four replications per group and 50 broilers in each group. Broilers were fed for 5 wk. a pelleted wheat–soybean meal based diets (control group C, 13.08 MJ/kg ME, 21% CP) in treatment group 15% of wheat (pentosans 6.48 % DM, beta glucans 0.40% DM) were replaced by triticale of the variety ‘SU Agendus’ (experimental group T), having the lowest quantity of pentosans (4.92 %) and beta-glucans (0.45 % DM). Diet was formulated to meet the nutrient and energy requirement for broiler chickens (NRC, 1994). The development of GIT’s organs and blood biochemical parameters were analysed. In diet of broilers the replacement of wheat by triticale ‘SU Agendus’ the FCR increased 2.6% and BW were decreased 0.4% (P>0.05). In addition of 15% triticale in the compound feed of broiler chickens, the blood biochemical parameters – cholesterol and highdensity lipoprotein concentration decreased by 7.4% and 11.9%, respectively (P<0.05). The internal organs weight in group T were increased compared to the group C (P<0.05). The results of the trial confirmed that triticale 15% with a lower pentosans and beta-glucans contents can be used for broiler chickens diets. Introduction Triticale (X Trificosecule Wittmack) is the hybrid of wheat (Triticum aestivum L) and rye (Secale cereale L) that has been under intensive development as a new cereal grain crop plant (KORVER, 2004). Triticale has a lower susceptibility to diseases and pests which attack rye and wheat and this reduces the necessity of chemical protection against harmful agents (OETTLER, 2005). Winter triticale cultivars show higher yields and good adaptation to northern environments. Triticale flour is rich in proteins (average 14–15%), [...]

The Influence of newest generation butyrate combined with acids, medium chain fatty acids and plant extract on the performance and physiological state of laying hens

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of butyrate, acids, medium-chain fatty acids and plant extract mixture on performance, blood and gastrointestinal tract characteristics of laying hens’. For the period of 8 weeks, 24 Hisex Brown laying hens were randomly assigned to 2 dietary treatments: 1) control wheat-corn-soybean meal based diet (Control group), 2) control diet supplemented with the mixture of butyrate, acids, medium chain fatty acids and plant extract (Lumance®) at the level of 1.5 g/kg of feed (Experimental group). Hens were fed with a crumbled diet at 125 g per day. Housing and feeding conditions were the same for all groups and met the requirements of growth for laying hens of Hisex Brown strain. In the blood serum total protein, bilirubin, cholesterol, DTL- and MTL- cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose, GGT, GOT, GPT, alkaline phosphatase, alpha amylase, contents of c-reactive protein, uric acid, and lipase were analyzed. Development of intestines and internal organs (intestinal length, intestinal weight, the weight of glandular and muscular stomach, pancreas, heart, and liver) were determined. The concentration of short chain fatty acids in caecal content was measured using the method of HPLC. The results of the present study showed that 1.5 g/kg supplementation of feed additive affected egg production and feed conversion ratio for the production of 1 kg of egg mass. Dietary supplementation of analyzed additive in the diets increased the concentration of triglycerides, GOT, alkaline phosphatase and decreased uric acid content compared with the control group (P<0.05). No significant difference for others blood indices in comparison to the control was observed. The addition of feed additives in laying hens’ diets increased intestinal weight by 11% and liver weight by 14% compared with the control group (P<0.05). The short chain fatty acids (propionic, acetic and butyric aci[...]

Serological Variety and Antimicrobial Resistance in Salmonella Isolated from Reptiles

Salmonella&nbsp;enterica is one of the best adapted bacterial pathogens causing infections in a wide variety of vertebrate species. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of Salmonella in different reptile species and to evaluate their serological variety and patterns of antimicrobial resistance. In total, 97 samples from 25 wild and domesticated reptile species were investigated in Lithuania. Serological variety, as well as phenotypical and genotypical resistance to antimicrobials, were investigated. Fifty isolates of Salmonella were obtained from the ninety-seven tested samples (51.5%; 95% CI 41.2&ndash;61.2). A significantly higher prevalence of Salmonella was detected in domesticated individuals (61.3%; 95% CI 50.0&ndash;71.5) compared with wild ones (18.2%; 95% CI 7.3&ndash;38.5). All isolates belonged to a single species, Salmonella enterica. Results demonstrated that reptiles carry a large variety of Salmonella serovars. Thirty-four isolates (68%) of Salmonella were resistant to at least one antimicrobial drug. The most frequent resistance of the isolates was to streptomycin (26%), cefoxitin, gentamicin, tetracycline and chloramphenicol (16%). Genes encoding resistance to tetracyclines, aminoglycosides, sulphonamides and trimethoprim were detected. No integrons that are associated with horizontal gene transfer were found. Data obtained provided knowledge about the adaptation of Salmonella in reptiles. Healthy individuals, irrespective of their origin, often carry Salmonella, including multi-resistant strains. Due to its large serological diversity, zoonotic potential and antimicrobial resistance, Salmonella in reptiles poses a risk to other animals and humans

Effect of NSP degrading enzymes and prebiotics on quality and texture profile of laying hen’s eggs

The trial was conducted to investigate the supplementation of NSP degrading enzymes, prebiotics and its combination on the laying hens’ performance and quality of eggs. Lohman Brown laying hens aged 38 weeks were assigned to 4 dietary treatments for 8 weeks. The dietary treatments were: 1) control (C), 2) compound feed supplemented with enzymes (endo-1,4-β-xylanase 22000 VU/g, endo-1,3(4)-β-glucanase 30000 VU/g and endo-1,4 -β-glucanase (cellulase) 6400 DNS units/g of feed) (E), 3) compound feed with prebiotics (mannanoligosaccharides (MOS) 1.0 kg/t of feed) (P), 4) compound feed with NSP degrading enzymes (endo-1,4-β-xylanase 22000 VU/g, endo-1,3(4)-β-glucanase 30000 VU/g, endo-1,4 -β-glucanase (cellulase) 6400 DNS units/g of feed) and prebiotics (MOS 1.0 kg/t of feed) (EP). All laying hens were kept under the same conditions. Egg’s quality was determined using automatic egg quality analyzer and thickness of eggshell was evaluated with electronic micrometer. The texture characteristics were determined with the universal texture analyzer Instron 3343. Instrumental colour measurements of eggs were performed using a spectrophotometer Konica Minolta. Egg weight of E group was increased by 6%, but feed conversion ratio to produce 1 kg of eggs was decreased by 11%, compared to C group (P<0.05). Enzymes and MOS did not significantly effect egg quality parameters, but in E group shell weight increased by 9% (P<0.05). In addition of enzymes, the hens had produced eggs with higher albumen L* scores (P<0.05). Diet supplementation with enzymes had no significant effects on the yolk colour. In E group of laying hens, the egg mass and egg shell thickness were improved. The addition of enzymes and MOS mixture had highest positive effect on egg quality parameters, but had no statistically significant influence of egg’s texture and colour. Introduction Egg shell quality and egg internal quality are of major importance t

Variations of the antimicrobial, antioxidant, sensory attributes and biogenic amines content in Lithuania-derived bee products

This study examined the antimicrobial and antioxidant properties, overall acceptability (OA), including influence of the product-induced emotions, and biogenic amine (BA) content in fourteen honey (H1–14), four propolis (P15–18) and four bee bread (BB19–22) samples, collected in northwest Lithuania. The all tested bacteria were inhibited by summer honey H13. P18 inhibited 10, while bee breads inhibited 10–11 out of the 15 tested bacteria strains. All propolis-samples inhibited B.cereus and P.multocida. The highest antioxidant activity and content of total phenolic compounds (TPC) were found in bee bread (93% and 394mg GAE/100g, respectively). The TPC had moderate and strong negative correlations with the L* (r=−0.58) and b* colour coordinates (r=−0.66), respectively. The each bee products group (BPs) induced different intensities of emotions, and the OA showed a moderate positive correlation with the “neutral” emotion (r=0.47). A low content of BAs (<15mg/kg) was identified in six honeys, two bee breads and one propolis sample. In sum, Lithuanian bee products possessed valuable biological attributes that can be beneficially used in food industry and medicine, although further research is needed for the factors, which may contribute to bioactive properties of this region bee products and BAs formation

Influence of the fermented feed and vaccination and their interaction on parameters of Large White/Norwegian Landrace piglets

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of fermented with a newly isolated lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains combination (Lactobacillus plantarum LUHS122, Lactobacillus casei LUHS210, Lactobacillus farraginis LUHS206, Pediococcus acidilactici LUHS29, Lactobacillus plantarum LUHS135 and Lactobacillus uvarum LUHS245) feed on non-vaccinated (NV) and vaccinated with Circovac porcine circovirus type 2 vaccine (QI09AA07, CEVA-PHYLAXIA Co. Ltd. Szállás u. 5. 1107 Budapest, Hungary) piglets’ blood parameters, gut microbial composition, growth performance and ammonia emission. The 36-day experiment was conducted using 25-day-old Large White/Norwegian Landrace (LW/NL) piglets, which were randomly divided into four groups with 100 piglets each: SnonV—non-vaccinated piglets fed with control group compound feed; SV—vaccinated piglets fed with control group compound feed; RFnonV—non-vaccinated piglets fed with fermented compound feed; RFV—vaccinated piglets fed with fermented compound feed. Samples from 10 animals per group were collected at the beginning and end of the experiment. Metagenomic analysis showed that fermentation had a positive impact on the Lactobacillus prevalence during the post-weaning period of pigs, and vaccination had no negative impact on microbial communities. Although a higher amount of Lactobacillus was detected in vaccinated, compared with non-vaccinated groups. At the end of experiment, there was a significantly higher LAB count in the faeces of both vaccinated compared to non-vaccinated groups (26.6% for SV and 17.2% for RFV), with the highest LAB count in the SV group. At the end of experiment, the SV faeces also had the highest total bacteria count (TBC). The RFV group had a 13.2% increase in total enterobacteria count (TEC) at the end of experiment, and the SV group showed a 31.2% higher yeast/mould (Y/M) count. There were no significant differences in the average daily gain (ADG) among the groups; however, [...]

Pigs’ feed fermentation model with antimicrobial lactic acid bacteria strains combination by changing extruded soya to biomodified local feed stock

The aim of this study was to apply newly isolated antimicrobial characteristic possessing lactic acid bacteria (LAB) starters (Lactobacillus plantarum LUHS122, Lactobacillus casei LUHS210, Lactobacillus farraginis LUHS206, Pediococcus acidilactici LUHS29, L. plantarum LUHS135, and Lactobacillus uvarum LUHS245) for local stock (rapeseed meal) fermentation and to evaluate the influence of changing from an extruded soya to biomodified local stock in a feed recipe on piglets’ fecal microbiota, health parameters, growth performance, and ammonia emission. In addition, biomodified rapeseed meal characteristics (acidity and microbiological) were analyzed. The 36-day experiment was conducted using 25-day-old Large White/Norwegian Landrace (LW/NL) piglets, which were randomly distributed into two groups: a control group fed with basal diet and a treated group fed with fermented feed (500 g/kg of total feed). The study showed that the selected LAB starter combination can be recommended for rapeseed meal fermentation (viable LAB count in fermented feed 8.5 ± 0.1 log10 CFU/g and pH 3.94 ± 0.04). At the beginning of the in vivo experiment,the microbial profiles in both piglet groups were very similar: The highest prevalence was Prevotella (34.6–38.2%) and Lactobacillus (24.3–29.7%). However, changing from an extruded soya to fermented rapeseed meal in the feed recipe led to desirable changes in piglets’ fecal microbiota. There was a more than four-fold higher Lactobacillus count compared to the control group. Furthermore, there was significantly lower ammonia emission (20.6% reduction) in the treated group section. Finally, by changing from an extruded soya to cheaper rapeseed meal and applying the fermentation model with the selected LAB combination, it is possible to feed piglets without any undesirable changes in health and growth performance, as well as in a more sustainable manner