Paraoxonase 192 polymorphism and its relationship to serum lipids in Turkish renal transplant recipients

Background. Cardiovascular disorders are the leading cause of death in patients with chronic renal. insufficiency. Paraoxonase (PON1) gene variants have been identified as risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD)

Effects of cholesterol ester transfer protein Taq1B gene polymorphism on serum lipoprotein levels in Turkish coronary artery disease patients

To evaluate the effect of cholesterol ester transfer protein (CETP) Taq1B gene polymorphism on serum lipid profile in Turkish coronary artery disease (CAD) patients, we investigated Taq1B gene polymorphisin of CETP and serum lipid levels in 111 controls and in 173 CAD patients with myocardial infarction. There were no significant differences in the allele distribution at this polymorphic locus between the population sample and patients with coronary artery disease with myocardial infarction. To detect the association between the Taq1B RFLP and serum lipid levels, we determined the serum concentrations of total cholesterol, triglycerides and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in the subjects studied and correlated the results to the Taq1B RFLP. Patients with Taq B1B1 genotypes had lower HDL-C levels than patients with B2B2 genotype (p = 0.003). Also in control subjects with Taq BIB I genotype, lower HDL-C levels (p = 0.05) and higher triglyceride levels (p = 0.017) and body mass index (p = 0.05) were observed compared with control subjects with the B1B2 genotype. It was observed that in our population the distribution of CETP Taq1B genotypes is similar to other populations (except Greeks). The present study demonstrates that CETP Taq1B gene polymorphism may be responsible for low HDL cholesterol levels in patients with CAD and in healthy controls in Turkey. Copyright (C) 2004 John Wiley Sons, Ltd

Cholesterol ester transfer protein, apolipoprotein E and lipoprotein lipase genotypes in patients with coronary artery disease in the Turkish population

The aim of this study was to compare patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) to healthy objects, in order to explore a possible association between CAD and the variants in the gene encoding cholesterol ester transfer protein (CETP), apolipoprotein E (Apo E) and lipoprotein lipase (LPL). The relationship between CETP MspI, apo E and LPL PvuII gene polymorphisms and serum lipids were investigated in 173 patients with CAD and 111 healthy controls. The frequency of Apo epsilon4 (p<0.05) and CETP M1 (p<0.01) alleles were higher in the CAD group than in the control group. In the CAD group, those with the Msp M1 allele had higher levels of total cholesterol (TC) (p=0026) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) than those with the Msp M2 allele. Subjects with an epsilon2 allele had the lowest levels of TC and LDL-C, while subjects with the epsilon4 allele had the highest. In the control group, CETP, the Msp M2 allele was associated with a higher level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (p=0.012) than the Msp M1 allele. The distributions of LPL genotype and allele did not differ between the CAD and control groups. The present study demonstrates that the CETP Msp1 and Apo E gene polymorphisms are associated with variations in lipids in patients with CAD and healthy controls in Turkish population

Is epsilon 4 allele of apolipoprotein E associated with more severe end-organ damage in essential hypertension?

The aim of the present study comparing patients with mild to moderate hypertension with controls, was to explore a possible association between hypertension-related target organ damage and evaluation found in the gene encoding apolipoprotein E (apo E) genotype. Detailed medical history was recorded and physical examination was per-formed for all patients in the study (88 hypertensives, 63 normotensive controls). PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction), RFLP (Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism), and agarose gel electrophoresis techniques were used to determine the apo E genotypes. The frequencies of apo epsilon2, apo epsilon3, and apo epsilon4 alleles were 3.97, 88.06, and 9.95%, respectively in the hypertensive group. The frequencies of apo epsilon2, apo epsilon3, and apo epsilon4 alleles were 5.5, 92.0, and 2.38%, respectively in the control group. There were about twice as many individuals in the heterozygote hypertensive group who had apo E3/4 as compared to the control group (7.30 vs. 2.38%) (p = 0.07). The hypertensive patients who were carriers of the apo epsilon4 had significantly higher organ damage (left ventricular hypertrophy (p < 0.001). dilated left atrium (p < 0.05), retinopathy (p < 0.05)) as compared to those who were not carriers of apo epsilon4. These results showed a trend for the epsilon4 allele to be associated with a higher prevalence of target organ damage in patients with mild to moderate hypertension. Copyright (C) 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd

Is there any association between apolipoprotein E and angiotensin converting enzyme gene polymorphism in patients with Parkinson's disease and dementia in Turkish Population?

The genetic factors which predispose individuals to dementia in old age have not been fully defined. The epsilon4 allele of the gene encoding apolipoprotein E (Apo E) is the only well replicated genetic risk factor for non-autosomal dominant forms of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Recent reports indicate that the Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) Deletion (D) polymorphism is associated with a high risk for coronary heart disease and may effect longevity/survival into old age. Since there is no study concerning polymorphism of the Apo E and ACE gene and dementia subtypes in Turkish population, we have examined the these polymorphism in patients with dementia and Parkinson's disease

Paraoxonase 55 and 192 polymorphism and its relationship to serum paraoxonase activity and serum lipids in Turkish patients with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus

We investigated the effect of PON 55 and PON 192 polymorphisms on serum PON1 activity and lipid profiles in 213 non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) individuals and 116 non-diabetic controls among Turkish subjects. The distribution of PON 55/192 gene polymorphism was determined by polymerase chain reaction-based restriction fragment length polymorphism. Serum lipid levels were measured enzymically. PON activity was measured by spectrophotometric assay of p-nitrophenol production following addition of paraoxon. We found that PON 55 and 192 genotype distribution was similar in patients and controls and paraoxonase activity was generally lower in diabetics than in control subjects. We showed that PON 55 and 192 genotypes have a major effect on serum PON activity. PON 192 BB homozygotes had significantly higher PON activity than AA and AB genotypes among the control and NIDDM populations (p < 0.001). PON 55 MM homozygotes had significantly lower PON activity than did LL and LM genotypes in control and NIDDM populations (p < 0.05). The PON1 55 and 192 polymorphisms did not consistently influence the serum lipid profiles in either population. In conclusion, our results suggest that the paraoxonase activities are affected by PON I genetic variability in Turkish NIDDM patients and controls. Copyright (C) 2004 John Wiley Sons, Ltd

Taq1B polymorphism of CETP gene on lipid abnormalities in patients with type II diabetes mellitus

The most common alterations in lipid and lipoprotein metabolism in type 2 diabetes involve an elavation in both plasma triglyceride and VLDL concentrations, a dense LDL phenotype and low levels of HDL cholesterol. The inverse relationship between the level of HDL cholesterol and the risk of cardiovascular disease is commonly explained by the crucial role of HDL in reverse cholesterol transport. Cholesterol ester transfer protein (CETP) has a central role in the metabolism of HDL and may therefore alter the susceptibility to atherosclerotic vascular disease. To evaluate the effect of Taq1B polymorphism of intron I of CETP gene on serum lipid concentrations in Turkish type 2 diabetic patients, we investigated Taq1B polymorphism and serum lipid levels in 116 controls and in 164 diabetic patients. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR), restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), and agarose gel electrophoresis techniques were used to determine the CETP TaqI B polymorphism. Serum lipid levels were measured enzymatically. Statistical analyses was performed by SPSS. In control group: subjects with B2B2 genotype have high HDL-cholesterol levels (p=0.029) and BIB I genotypes have high triglyceride levels (p=0.07). Diabetic patients with and without MI with B2B2 genotype have high HDL-cholesterol levels. Taq B1B1 genotype has higher in diabetic patients with myocardial infarction (MI) than diabetic patients without myocardial infarction (42.1% and 32.7%; chi(2)=1.42, p=0.23). The present study demonstrates that the CETP Taq1B gene polymorphism is an association with low HDL cholesterol levels in patients with type 11 diabetes mellitus and healthy controls in Turkey. We also showed that CATE Taq1B gene polymorphism may be related to myocardial infarction in type 11 diabetic patients