Features of criminal prosecution according to the norms of Russian Truth

The article describes the features of criminal prosecution during the period of the Russian Truth. В статье описываются особенности осуществления уголовного преследования в период действия Русской Правды. Подтверждается наличие в уголовном процессе Древней Руси признаков уголовного преследования

Photoaligned liquid-crystal lens with a single low-voltage electrode

The simple design of liquid-crystal lenses with single electrode and operation voltage below 5 V is highly desired. We offer a new type of photoaligned liquid-crystal lens, where the refractive gradient is created by voltage application due to the patterned twist angle gradient. In this paper, we present our calculations and experimental data

Surface Plasmon-Polaritons and Transverse Spin Angular Momentum at the Boundary of Hyperbolic Metamaterial with Arbitrary Orientation of the Optical Axis

The possibility is established and the conditions are found for localization of plasmon-polaritons (PPs) near the boundaries of hyperbolic metamaterials (HMs) of both I and II types with arbitrary orientation of the optical axis. It is grounded that such surface PP has the transverse spin momentum which depends on the wavelength of the exciting wave, the orientation of the optical axis of the hyperbolic metamaterial, and dielectric properties of bordered media

Scattering and birefringence properties of polymeric films modified with nanoparticles of different nature

Scattering properties of directed polyvinyl alcohol films modified with titanium dioxide or silver nanoparticles and illuminated by a 0.63 μm linear polarized He-Ne laser radiation were investigated. Ability of the investigated nanomaterials to depolarize and scatter incident radiation and to form an illumination background close to diffuse scattering was studied

New dyes for guest-host mode

New guest-host dyes of red and purple colour suitable for fabrication of ultrathin film polarizer from polymerizable liquid crystals are developed. When the absorption spectrum of dye matches the photopic curve, samples with total film thickness below 50 μm show good visual contrast

СВЯЗЫВАНИЕ ГЕЛЕВЫХ МАГНИТНЫХ МИКРОСФЕР С МОНОНУКЛЕАРНЫМИ КЛЕТКАМИ КРОВИ

A polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) coating decreases the non-specific binding of magnetic microspheres (MMS) composed of glutaraldehyde-cross-linked chitosan to blood mononuclear cells (BMC) more efficiently than a carboxymethyldextran (carboxylation degree <10 %) coating. PVA-composed MMS coated with an additional PVA layer after glutaraldehyde cross-linking, including ones functionalized with carboxyl groups due to the H2O2 treatment, demonstrate low non-specific binding to BMC. In the pellets resulting from magnetic separation, there were 4670 ± 760 PVA MMS and 2040 ± 400 MagnosphereTM MS300/Carboxyl commercial MMS per one BMC.Покрытие поливиниловым спиртом (ПВС) магнитных микросфер (ММС) на основе хитозана, сшитого глутаральдегидом, уменьшает их неспецифическое связывание с мононуклеарными клетками крови (МНК) эффективнее, чем покрытие карбоксиметилдекстраном со степенью карбоксилирования <10 %. Поливинилспиртовые ММС, покрытые дополнительным слоем ПВС после сшивки глутаральдегидом, в т. ч. функционализованные карбоксильными группами благодаря обработке H2O2, характеризуются низким неспецифическим связыванием с МНК. В осадке после магнитной сепарации на одну клетку приходится 4670 ± 760 поливинилспиртовых ММС, обработанных 4 % H2O2, а коммерческих ММС MagnosphereTM MS300/Carboxyl – 2040 ± 400

Structure effect and orientation distribution of azo dyes on optical anisotropy of dyed PVA-films

The derivatives of phenylazobenzoic, phenylazosalicylic acids and azobenzeneazonaphthalene were synthesized and employed to prepare polarizing films based on polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). The single-piece transmittance (T0), polarizing efficiency (PE), dichroic ratio (Rd) of films and order parameter of dyes (Sdye) were calculated. It was found that parameters Rd and Sdye increased as electron-donating of substituents in molecules of phenylazobenzoic and phenylazosalicylic acids derivatives was grown, and the polarizing efficiency of film increased with increasing the order parameter of dye. Development of PVA films dyed with the derivatives of phenylazosalicylic acid and azobenzeneazonaphthalene allowed to obtain polarizers for near UV and visible range of spectrum, respectively. It was also developed a broadband polarizer for 300-610 nm

Investigation of surface roughness influence on hyperbolic metamaterial performance

The main goal of this work was to introduce simple model of surface roughness which does not involve objects with complicated shapes and could help to reduce computational costs. We described and proved numerically that the influence of surface roughness at the interfaces in metal-dielectric composite materials could be described by proper selection of refractive index of dielectric layers. Our calculations show that this model works for roughness with RMS value about 1 nm and below

Микросферы из сшитого глутаральдегидом поливинилового спирта для иммуно-магнитной сепарации клеток

Emulsification of water solutions of NaCl and CaCl2 in isooctane with Span 85 and Tween 85 additives was found to depend on the salt content and the cation nature, Ca2+ being more effective stabilizer than Na+. When the solutions of 275 g/l glutaraldehyde with 1М CaCl2 in water and 2.8 %m Span 85 with 1.5 %m Tween 85 in isooctane were mixed and sonicated, the transparent emulsion (turbidity <20 FNU) was acquired. It was used as а crosslinking agent to synthesize microspheres from magnetic fluids containing polyvinyl alcohol and magnetite nanoparticles dispersed as microdroplets in isooctane. The microspheres were modified with avidin and used for immunomagnetic separation of cells.Установлено, что эмульгируемость водных растворов NaCl и CaCl2 в изооктане с добавками Span 85 и Tween 85 зависит от концентрации солей и от природы катиона, при этом Ca2+ эффективнее стабилизирует эмульсию, чем Na+. При смешивании растворов 275 г/л глутаральдегида и 1М CaCl2 в воде и 2,8 %m Span 85 и 1,5 %m Tween 85 в изооктане с последующим ультразвуковым диспергированием смеси получена эмульсия с мутностью <20 ЕМФ, которая была применена в качестве сшивающего агента для формирования микросфер из взвешенных в изооктане микрокапель магнитных жидкостей, содержащих поливиниловый спирт и наночастицы магнетита. Синтезированные магнитные микросферы модифицированы авидином и использованы для иммуномагнитной сепарации клеток

Photoaligned liquid-crystal lens with a single low-voltage electrode

The simple design of liquid-crystal lenses with single electrode and operation voltage below 5 V is highly desired. We offer a new type of photoaligned liquid-crystal lens, where the refractive gradient is created by voltage application due to the patterned twist angle gradient. In this paper, we present our calculations and experimental data