Prediction of exacerbation chronic bronchopulmonary diseases in children with influenza

The objective: To develop a method for predicting exacerbation of chronic illness in children with asthma and cystic fibrosis, patients with influenza, based on the study of the dynamics of cytokines. Materials and methods: Were examined 52 patients with bronchial asthma and 45 children with cystic fibrosis at the age from 1 year to 12 years, located in infectious pulmonary Department at the planned treatment of underlying pathology, in which influenza was in-hospital infection. Control group observations included 40 patients with the flu, without concomitant pulmonary disease. The etiology of viral infection was established by detection of viral RNA in nasopharyngeal swabs by PCR. Among the influenza viruses were identified influenza АH1N1, АH3N2, influenza B, and in 2009–2010 the predominant antigen was the pandemic influenza virus АH1N1pdm09. Determination of the concentration of serum interleukins IL-1β, IL-4, IL-8, IL-10, ТNF-α, IFN-γ was performed in the 1st and 3rd day of hospitalization cytokines by the solid-phase immune-enzyme assay. Analysis of the results performed using statistical package SPSS 17.0 EN for Windows. Results: The flu caused the aggravation associated bronchopulmonary pathology in 2/3 of children, as MV patients, and patients with BA (65,4%-66,7%, respectively). With an increase of the ratio of IL-4 / IFN-γ and IL-10/IFN-γ, at least 5-6 times, influenza can be considered a trigger of exacerbation of chronic bronchopulmonary pathologies that require amplification of the therapy of bronchial asthma and of сystic fibrosis. The growth of prognostic coefficients in 2-3 times allows using for treatment of influenza in these patients only antiviral agents. Conclusion: The study has shown a method for predicting exacerbation of bronchial asthma and cystic fibrosis in children at an early stage of influenza by calculating the ratio of IL-4/IFN-γ and IL-10/IFN-γ in children aged from 1 year to 12 years

Professional liability insurance of dentists as the form of social-legal defense

The article is devoted to the problems of the Medical professional liability insurance in Russia. Medical organizations or government are responsible for medical professional liability insurance

Прогнозирование обострения хронических бронхолёгочных заболеваний при гриппе у детей

The objective: To develop a method for predicting exacerbation of chronic illness in children with asthma and cystic fibrosis, patients with influenza, based on the study of the dynamics of cytokines. Materials and methods: Were examined 52 patients with bronchial asthma and 45 children with cystic fibrosis at the age from 1 year to 12 years, located in infectious pulmonary Department at the planned treatment of underlying pathology, in which influenza was in-hospital infection. Control group observations included 40 patients with the flu, without concomitant pulmonary disease. The etiology of viral infection was established by detection of viral RNA in nasopharyngeal swabs by PCR. Among the influenza viruses were identified influenza АH1N1, АH3N2, influenza B, and in 2009–2010 the predominant antigen was the pandemic influenza virus АH1N1pdm09. Determination of the concentration of serum interleukins IL-1β, IL-4, IL-8, IL-10, ТNF-α, IFN-γ was performed in the 1st and 3rd day of hospitalization cytokines by the solid-phase immune-enzyme assay. Analysis of the results performed using statistical package SPSS 17.0 EN for Windows. Results: The flu caused the aggravation associated bronchopulmonary pathology in 2/3 of children, as MV patients, and patients with BA (65,4%-66,7%, respectively). With an increase of the ratio of IL-4 / IFN-γ and IL-10/IFN-γ, at least 5-6 times, influenza can be considered a trigger of exacerbation of chronic bronchopulmonary pathologies that require amplification of the therapy of bronchial asthma and of сystic fibrosis. The growth of prognostic coefficients in 2-3 times allows using for treatment of influenza in these patients only antiviral agents. Conclusion: The study has shown a method for predicting exacerbation of bronchial asthma and cystic fibrosis in children at an early stage of influenza by calculating the ratio of IL-4/IFN-γ and IL-10/IFN-γ in children aged from 1 year to 12 years. Цель: разработать способ прогнозирования обострения основного заболевания при гриппе у детей, больных бронхиальной астмой и муковисцидозом, на основании изучения динамики цитокинов. Материалы и методы: обследованы 52 пациента с бронхиальной астмой и 45 детей с муковисцидозом в возрасте от 1 года до 12 лет, находившихся в инфекционно-пульмонологическом отделении на плановом лечении основной патологии, у которых грипп являлся госпитальной инфекцией. Контрольную группу наблюдений составили 40 пациентов с гриппом, но без сопутствующих бронхолегочных заболеваний. Этиология вирусной инфекции устанавливалась определением вирус-специфической РНК в носоглоточных смывах методом ПЦР. Среди вирусов гриппа определялись АH1N1, АH3N2, В, а в 2009–2010 гг. преобладающим антигеном являлся вирус пандемического гриппа АH1N1pdm09. Определение содержания в сыворотке крови интерлейкинов IL-1β, IL-4, IL-8, IL-10, ТNF-α, IFN-γ проводилось в 1-й и 3-й день госпитализации «сэндвич»-методом твердофазного иммуноферментного анализа. Статистическая обработка результатов выполнена с применением программы SPSS 17.0 RU for Windows. Результаты: грипп вызывал обострение сопутствующей бронхолегочной патологии у большинства детей, больных как муковисцидозом, так и бронхиальной астмой (65,4% и 66,7% соответственно). При увеличении коэффициента соотношения IL-4/IFN-γ и IL-10/IFN-γ как минимум в 5–6 раз грипп может считаться триггером обострения сопутствующей хронической бронхолегочной патологии. Нарастание прогностических коэффициентов в 2–3 раза позволяет ограничить лечение гриппа у данной категории больных противовирусными средствами. Заключение: представлен способ прогнозирования обострения бронхиальной астмы и муковисцидоза у детей на ранней стадии гриппа с помощью расчета коэффициентов соотношения IL-4/IFN-γ и IL-10/IFN-γ у детей в возрасте от 1 года до 12 лет.

DEVELOPMENT OF ENERGY-CHEMICAL INSTALLATION WITH COMBINED PRODUCTION OF ENERGY CARRIERS AND TECHNOLOGICAL GAS

The article presents an overview of the current state of work on the integrated use of hydrocarbon raw materials for energy supply to industrial and domestic consumers, as well as generation of process gas. A thermal scheme of an energy-chemical plant with a combined production of energy carriers (thermal and electric energy) and a process gas containing H2 and CO is proposed. The software product was registered in the form of a mathematical model of a partial oxidation reactor, which made it possible to estimate the parameters of gas synthesis at an air flow coefficient of α=0,7, a pressure increase of πk=5, and a specific steam flow rate of 6,5 kg/kg (N2=35,8 %, H2O=50,2%, CO2=5,9%, CO=2,6%, H2=5,5% and temperature 1570 °C), as well as geometrical dimensions of the apparatus D=1,3 m and L=10,8 m

Complex use of ash and slag waste

In the article an overview of the main direction of complex use ash and slag waste from coal-fired stations was provided. The composition of ash waste, methods of isolation of valuable components and the key areas of their further using were noted. The results of the analysis of residual carbon, nitrogen and mineral part of ash and slag from the Kirov and Moscow ash dumps of Kazanskaya heat and power station - 2 were shown and perspective directions their utilization were determined

THE ANALYSIS OF PROSPECTS OF USING COAL AT THE OBJECTS OF SMALL DISTRIBUTED GENERATION

In the article the prospects of using local solid fuel as an energy resource at the objects of small distributed generation is analyzed. The estimation of coal supply of Russian regions is carried out. Coal reserves for each of the regions are reduced to the unitary parameters - per head of the population, area and gross regional product which allowed a comparative assessment with the identification of regions where the location of low-capacity power plant is preferable

Assessment of efficiency and prospects for the use of hybrid thermal low-capacity power plants in the Republic of Vietnam

The growing demand for energy and fossil fuels creates increased number of difficulties, while renewable energy sources are still rarely used worldwide, particularly in Vietnam. In this article hybrid thermal power plants based on gas turbine plants are discussed, the increased efficiency of which is achieved by air heating after the compressor in solar air heaters. The basic design equations and the results of evaluating the efficiency and fuel consumption are presented for two thermal power plants of 4.6 MW and 11.8 MW. The dependence of the results on the intensity of solar extraction for the climatic conditions of the Ninh Thuan province of the Republic of Vietnam is discussed

The prospects of use of the technological gases received by processing of solid fuels and natural bitumens in chemical industry of the Volga region

Представлены результаты анализа потребности регионов Поволжья в технологических газах, которые используются для производства аммиака, метанола, монооксида углерода и других крупнотоннажных химических продуктов. На основе расчетов показана возможность получения газов с необходимым соотношением СО:Н2 при термической переработке углей, природных битумов и горючих сланцев

THE OPTIMIZATION OF THE REACTOR BLOCK OPERATING PARAMETERS OF UNIT WITH A SOLID HEATING AGENT

In the article the questions of optimization of technological parameters of mutual functioning of the system of apparatuses of the reactor block of semi-coking of slate with a solid heating agent (UTT) are considered

Evaluation of the gastroprotective effect of the flavonoid complex from Lychnis chalcedonica L. on the models of experimental ulcerogenesis

Using rat and mouse models of neurogenic, ethanol-induced, and indometacin-induced damage to the gastric mucosa we demonstrated that course preventive treatment with favonoid complex from aerial parts of Lychnis chalcedonica L. increased the resistance of gastric mucosa to ulcerogenic factors of diferent etiology. The gastroprotective efect of the phytocomplex in a dose range of 16-1600 µg/kg was comparable with that of the reference drug plantaglucide and was superior to that of the reference drugs eleutherococcus extract and methyluracil in the therapeutic doses. The antiulcerogenic activity of Lychnis chalcedonica favonoid complex considerably exceeded activity of Lychnis chalcedonica L. extract demonstrated in our previous experiments