Evaluación de la implementación del programa Sicalidad en México

Objetivo. Analizar la implementación del programa Sistema Integral de Calidad en Salud (Sicalidad) en México, en 2011. Material y métodos. Estudio transversal, cualicuantitativo, con una muestra probabilística de conglomerados y dos etapas de selección. Se realizaron 3 034 entrevistas en 13 entidades federativas para evaluar ocho componentes del programa. Se formularon índices generales de desempeño (IGD) para evaluar la implementación en términos de estructura, proceso y satisfacción de los usuarios, médicos y enfermeras con el programa. Resultados. El IGD peor evaluado fue acreditación, con 25.4 y con 28% de unidades evaluadas; el mejor fue prevención y reducción de la infección nosocomial, con IGD de 78.3 y con 92% de implementación. Conclusiones. Los componentes de Sicalidad evaluados evidencian problemas en su implementación relacionados con la estructura y los procesos críticos de los servicios

Economic impact of dengue in Mexico considering reported cases for 2012 to 2016.

BACKGROUND:Given that dengue disease is growing and may progress to dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF), data on economic cost and disease burden are important. However, data for Mexico are limited. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS:Burden of dengue fever (DF) and DHF in Mexico was assessed using official databases for epidemiological information, disabilities weights from Shepard et al, the reported number of cases and deaths, and costs. Overall costs of dengue were summed from direct medical costs to the health system, cost of dengue to the patient (out-of-pocket expenses [medical and non-medical], indirect costs [loss of earnings, patient and/or caregiver]), and other government expenditures on prevention/surveillance. The first three components, calculated as costs per case by a micro-costing approach (PAATI; program, actions, activities, tasks, inputs), were scaled up to overall cost using epidemiology data from official databases. PAATI was used to calculate cost of vector control and prevention, education, and epidemiological surveillance, based on an expert consensus and normative construction of an ideal scenario. Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for Mexico in 2016 were calculated to be 2283.46 (1.87 per 100,000 inhabitants). Overall economic impact of dengue in Mexico for 2012 was US$144 million, of which US$44 million corresponded to direct medical costs and US$5 million to the costs from the patient's perspective. The estimated cost of prevention/surveillance was calculated with information provided by federal government to be US$95 million. The overall economic impact of DF and DHF showed an increase in 2013 to US$161 million and a decrease to US$133, US$131 and US$130 million in 2014, 2015 and 2016, respectively. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE:The medical and economic impact of dengue were in agreement with other international studies, and highlight the need to include governmental expenditure for prevention/surveillance in overall cost analyses given the high economic impact of these, increasing the necessity to evaluate its effectiveness

Information sources for costings.

<p>Information sources for costings.</p

Indirect costs of dengue fever according to Secretariat of Health and Mexican Social Security Institute settings.

<p>Indirect costs of dengue fever according to Secretariat of Health and Mexican Social Security Institute settings.</p

Ideal and real average costs per case of dengue fever in the Secretariat of Health and Mexican Social Security Institute settings.

<p>Ideal and real average costs per case of dengue fever in the Secretariat of Health and Mexican Social Security Institute settings.</p

Correction to collaborators in acknowledgments in: Decision-making on withholding or withdrawing life support in the ICU: A worldwide perspective

The authors have reported to CHEST that the collaborators from the ICON Investigators were omitted from the Acknowledgments in “Decision-Making on Withholding or Withdrawing Life Support in the ICU: A Worldwide Perspective” (Chest. 2017;152(2):321-329). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chest.2017.04.17

Assessment of the worldwide burden of critical illness: The Intensive Care Over Nations (ICON) audit

Background Global epidemiological data regarding outcomes for patients in intensive care units (ICUs) are scarce, but are important in understanding the worldwide burden of critical illness. We, therefore, did an international audit of ICU patients worldwide and assessed variations between hospitals and countries in terms of ICU mortality.Methods 730 participating centres in 84 countries prospectively collected data on all adult (&gt;16 years) patients admitted to their ICU between May 8 and May 18, 2012, except those admitted for fewer than 24 h for routine postoperative monitoring. Participation was voluntary. Data were collected daily for a maximum of 28 days in the ICU and patients were followed up for outcome data until death or hospital discharge. In-hospital death was analysed using multilevel logistic regression with three levels: patient, hospital, and country.Findings 10 069 patients were included from ICUs in Europe (5445 patients; 54.1%), Asia (1928; 19.2%), the Americas (1723; 17.1%), Oceania (439; 4.4%), the Middle East (393; 3.9%), and Africa (141; 1.4%). Overall, 2973 patients (29.5%) had sepsis on admission or during the ICU stay. ICU mortality rates were 16.2% (95% CI 15.5-16.9) across the whole population and 25.8% (24.2-27.4) in patients with sepsis. Hospital mortality rates were 22.4% (21.6-23.2) in the whole population and 35.3% (33.5-37.1) in patients with sepsis. Using a multilevel analysis, the unconditional model suggested significant between-country variations (var=0.19, p=0.002) and between-hospital variations (var=0.43, p&lt;0.0001) in the individual risk of in-hospital death. There was a stepwise increase in the adjusted risk of in-hospital death according to decrease in global national income.Interpretation This large database highlights that sepsis remains a major health problem worldwide, associated with high mortality rates in all countries. Our findings also show a significant association between the risk of death and the global national income and suggest that ICU organisation has an important effect on risk of death