User Transmit Power Minimization through Uplink Resource Allocation and User Association in HetNets

The popularity of cellular internet of things (IoT) is increasing day by day and billions of IoT devices will be connected to the internet. Many of these devices have limited battery life with constraints on transmit power. High user power consumption in cellular networks restricts the deployment of many IoT devices in 5G. To enable the inclusion of these devices, 5G should be supplemented with strategies and schemes to reduce user power consumption. Therefore, we present a novel joint uplink user association and resource allocation scheme for minimizing user transmit power while meeting the quality of service. We analyze our scheme for two-tier heterogeneous network (HetNet) and show an average transmit power of -2.8 dBm and 8.2 dBm for our algorithms compared to 20 dBm in state-of-the-art Max reference signal received power (RSRP) and channel individual offset (CIO) based association schemes

Comparison of dynamic balance between flat feet and normal athletes

Objectives: This study aimed to compare the dynamic balance between flat feet and normal athletes using Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT). Research Design: This was a Cross-sectional comparative study. Method: Total 58 athletes, 29 subjects with flat feet (assessed by Sit to Stand Navicular Drop Test) and 29 subjects with normal feet were selected. Both male and female athletes of age group 18-30 years were included. Sit to Stand Navicular Drop Test, Calcaneum Angle, the width of the foot, great toe extension range of motion and Stat Excursion Balance Test (SEBT) were the outcomes that were assessed in the study. Data analysis: Unpaired t-test using the Graph Pad Instat software system was used. Results: Significant mean differences in Sit to Stand Navicular Drop Test, Calcaneum Angle, the width of the foot, great toe extension range of motion, and SEBT were found in individuals with flat feet. The SEBT scores of normal arched feet (right leg: 75.50.2, left leg: 75.10.4) and flat feet (right: 78.12.3, left: 79.93.2) differed (p=0.001). The SEBT leg difference scores of subjects with flat feet (4.43.5) and normal arches (2.30.5) differed (p=0.001). Furthermore, the lateral excursion distance was the least in these individuals (p<0.0001). Conclusion: In flat feet individuals' Dynamic Balance is compromised as compared to normal arched feet

Study of Multi-Classification of Advanced Daily Life Activities on SHIMMER Sensor Dataset

Today the field of wireless sensors have the dominance in almost every person’s daily life. Therefore researchers are exasperating to make these sensors more dynamic, accurate and high performance computational devices as well as small in size, and also in the application area of these small sensors. The wearable sensors are the one type which are used to acquire a person’s behavioral characteristics. The applications of wearable sensors are healthcare, entertainment, fitness, security and military etc. Human activity recognition (HAR) is the one example, where data received from wearable sensors are further processed to identify the activities executed by the individuals. The HAR system can be used in fall detection, fall prevention and also in posture recognition. The recognition of activities is further divided into two categories, the un-supervised learning and the supervised learning. In this paper we first discussed some existing wearable sensors based HAR systems, then briefly described some classifiers (supervised learning) and then the methodology of how we applied the multiple classification techniques using a benchmark data set of the shimmer sensors placed on human body, to recognize the human activity. Our results shows that the methods are exceptionally accurate and efficient in comparison with other classification methods. We also compare the results and analyzed the accuracy of different classifiers

Comparison of intra-articular lidocaine versus intravenous sedative and analgesic for reduction of anterior shoulder dislocation in terms of mean pain reduction using vas score

INTRODUCTION: The most common dislocation presenting to emergency department is anterior shoulder dislocation. Posterior dislocations and inferior dislocations are rare. Dislocations of the anterior shoulder mostly occur with the position of the arm is abducted and externally rotated. This results in injury of the humeral head, labrum, capsuloligamentous structures and glenoid. Such patients experience severe pain, therefore prompt reduction is necessary to ameliorate the pain. Intravenous analgesia combined with sedation or intra-articular lidocaine injection can be used for closed reduction of anterior shoulder dislocation. Due to its side effects, Intra-articular lidocaine (IAL) is recommended for use as a probable alternative to intravenous sedation-analgesia especially for patients with contraindication to intravenous sedation-analgesia. OBJECTIVE: To compare intra-articular lidocaine versus intravenous sedative and analgesic for management of anterior shoulder dislocation in terms of mean pain using VAS during reduction of shoulder joint. STUDT DESIGN:   Randomized controlled trial (RCT). SETTING: Removed for blind review DURATION: 6 months (November 22nd, 2017 to May 21st, 2018) SAMPLE SIZE: 60 patients (30 in each group) RESULTS: We included sixty patients in my study. 19 (31.7%) were females and 41 (68.3%) were male patients. Out of all the patients 38 (63.3%) had right sided shoulder dislocation, while the rest 22 (36.7%) patients had left sided shoulder dislocation. Patients mean age was 33.27±10.535 years and mean pain score of all the patients was 4.966±1.930. The mean pain score in Group A was 4.200±1.648, while the mean pain score in Group B was 5.733±1.910 (p value = 0.002. Stratification was done according to gender and age group of the patients, and post-stratification t-test was applied. CONCLUSION:   Intra-articular lidocaine is better option in pain control during reduction of anterior shoulder dislocation. KEY WORDS: Intra venous analgesia, Intra-articular lidocaine, shoulder dislocation

Investigation of data encryption algorithm for secured transmission of electrocardiograph (ECG) signal

Cardiovascular disease (CVD), especially coronary artery disease (CAD) is a leading cause of human morbidity and mortality. CVD involves blockage in the heart or blood vessels (arteries, capillaries and veins). Different techniques are used to check the condition and blockage in the heart. Electrocardiogram (ECG) is one of the medical techniques employed to monitor heart performance and used for the detection of different arrhythmias. Secured transmission of ECG system has transpired as a prospective solution to help the medical practitioner to check the patient's heart condition; either the heart is working normally or has some abnormalities like tachycardia or bradycardia. This study aims to design and develop security enhanced ECG system for secure and privacy-preserving, ECG diagnosing and ECG visualization. The QRS complex method will be used in this work to diagnose the acquired ECG signal. The result obtained from QRS complex method is used to display a healthy or unhealthy patient's condition. The system will alert for further diagnosis if the condition is critical, so it will help medical practitioner for further detection of arrhythmias and medical researcher for further studies. The security and privacy features of the system protect the authenticity and confidentiality of the patient's medical data and are implemented using security enhancing techniques. This problem will be solved by encrypting the signals, using the proposed fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) technique. This study demonstrates contributions by applying these ideas to two classical problems on the natural algorithm calculation and signal processing

Protein Engineering of Endoglucanase CelR of Clostridium thermocellum for Enhanced Expression

Background: Enhanced production and improved properties of cellulases for a greater activity on plant biomass would rank amongst the top priorities for second-generation ethanol production. Based on the emergence of protein engineering as a cutting-edge technology for enhancing enzyme activity and expression level, the present study is aimed at the application of this technique to the major cellulosomal processing endoglucanase of C. thermocellum, CelR for refining enzyme characteristics. Methods: The full-length native enzyme gene (CelR) and a truncated version without the docking domains at C-terminus (CelR-CB) were PCR amplified using gene specific primers. The amplified PCR products were T/A cloned in the vector pTZ57 R/T and transformed in E. coli DH5α. The cellulase genes from the confirmed transformed plasmids were sub-cloned in T7 promoter-based expression vector pET-28a and expression analysis was done in E. coli (DE3) BL21 codon Plus. Results: An SDS PAGE analysis of both the CelR derivatives revealed that the truncated version i.e. CelR-CB showed a two-fold increase in expression level as compared to the full-length enzyme. Conclusion: The increased expression level of CelR in E. coli coupled with its increased production therefore makes it a promising method for augmenting the recombinant enzyme production for potential applications.