Cu(I)-phosphine complex: An efficient catalyst for synthesis of 3-indole derivatives through one-pot MCR under mild conditions

<p>An efficient copper (I) halotriphenylphosphine catalyzed one-pot multicomponent reaction (MCR) of 3-substituted indole derivatives has been developed using a variety of aldehydes (aromatic, aliphatic, and heteroaromatic), indole, and active methylene substrates such as malononitrile and ethyl 2-cyano acetate. This reaction proceeds smoothly and obtained good to excellent yields (68–93%) using water as green solvent under ambient conditions. The obtained products were confirmed by ¹H, ¹³C NMR, and mass spectroscopy techniques. The one-pot MCR occurs through formation of Knoevenagel adducts then followed by Michael addition of indole.</p

Urea Hydrogen Peroxide and Ethyl Lactate, an Eco-Friendly Combo System in the Direct C(sp²)–H Bond Selenylation of Imidazo[2,1‑<i>b</i>]thiazole and Related Structures

Herein, we describe a urea hydrogen peroxide-mediated sustainable protocol for the synthesis of selenylated imidazo[2,1-b]thiazole by using half molar equivalent diorganyl diselenides in ethyl lactate as a greener solvent. The reaction features high yields, easy performance on gram scale, metal-free conditions, as well as applicability to imidazopyridine and imidazopyrimidine

¹H-NMR spectra of natural CNSL (expanded region for aromatic protons).

<p>¹H-NMR spectra of natural CNSL (expanded region for aromatic protons).</p

HPLC chromatogram obtained from natural CNLS, cardol (1, 2 and 3), cardanol (4, 6 and 8), and anacardic acid (6, 7 and 9).

<p>HPLC chromatogram obtained from natural CNLS, cardol (1, 2 and 3), cardanol (4, 6 and 8), and anacardic acid (6, 7 and 9).</p

Micronucleus frequency after treatment.

<p>(Test: analysis of variance/Tukey, p<0.05).</p

Reproductive parameters for females treated with TaLCC.

<p>Reproductive parameters for females treated with TaLCC.</p

Mortality of larvae at the end of treatment exposure.

<p>Treatment exposures were statistically compared to the negative control (a) and the positive control (b). * Significant difference (chi-square test, p <0.05).</p

Parameters related to growth development and organ weight of the females treated with TaLCC.

<p>Parameters related to growth development and organ weight of the females treated with TaLCC.</p

Relationship and frequency of external malformations in the offspring of females treated with TaLCC.

<p>Relationship and frequency of external malformations in the offspring of females treated with TaLCC.</p

Relationship and frequency of visceral malformations in the offspring of females treated with TaLCC.

<p>Relationship and frequency of visceral malformations in the offspring of females treated with TaLCC.</p