Fisheries rehabilitation in post-tsunami Aceh: Status and needs from participatory appraisals

The widespread and long-term nature of the tsunami damage in Aceh province, Indonesia has threatened the continued use of coastal and fisheries resources. This article describes the application of the Rapid Appraisal of Fisheries Management System (RAFMS) methodology and presents key findings from the participatory appraisals in 15 study sites. The focus is on changes in the number and types of fishing boats and fishing effort, consumption and marketing flow patterns and community perspectives on livelihood options. The level of aid (for new boats), mainly from international organizations, has been unevenly distributed with the number of boats in 13 of 15 villages still being well below the pre-tsunami levels. A focus on supplying small vessels may put increased fishing pressure on the near-shore zone. Consumption data and marketing flows suggest that most fishing villages are supplying outside markets and adding considerably to the wider food security of the province. Despite the tsunami, marine fisheries-related livelihoods are still preferred, although there are indications for the potential expansion of livelihoods into the culture of new species. Alternative resource-based livelihoods need to be tested and refined to fit the needs of the current conditions in Aceh to provide viable options for eliminating hunger and reducing poverty

Fisheries rehabilitation in post-tsunami Aceh: Status and needs from participatory appraisals

The widespread and long-term nature of the tsunami damage in Aceh province, Indonesia has threatened the continued use of coastal and fisheries resources. This article describes the application of the Rapid Appraisal of Fisheries Management System (RAFMS) methodology and presents key findings from the participatory appraisals in 15 study sites. The focus is on changes in the number and types of fishing boats and fishing effort, consumption and marketing flow patterns and community perspectives on livelihood options. The level of aid (for new boats), mainly from international organizations, has been unevenly distributed with the number of boats in 13 of 15 villages still being well below the pre-tsunami levels. A focus on supplying small vessels may put increased fishing pressure on the near-shore zone. Consumption data and marketing flows suggest that most fishing villages are supplying outside markets and adding considerably to the wider food security of the province. Despite the tsunami, marine fisheries-related livelihoods are still preferred, although there are indications for the potential expansion of livelihoods into the culture of new species. Alternative resource-based livelihoods need to be tested and refined to fit the needs of the current conditions in Aceh to provide viable options for eliminating hunger and reducing poverty.Disaster, Tsunami

Interseksi Budaya Dan Peradaban Negara-negara Di Samudra Hindia: Perspektif Indonesia

Tulisan ini membahas interseksi budaya, termasuk peradaban bangsa-bangsa yang terhubung dengan Samudra Hindia dari perspektif Indonesia. Paparan berfokus pada tiga isu, yakni (1) sejarah pelayaran yang dilihat sebagai proses interaksi yang melibatkan socio-cultural exchange di antara pihak yang terlibat; (2) produk dari interaksi yang difasilitasi oleh aktivitas pelayaran; dan 3) diaspora berbagai bangsa di negara-negara dalam lingkup Samudra Hindia. Makalah ini menunjukkan bahwa berbagai suku bangsa di Indonesia sudah ribuan tahun terlibat aktif sebagai host, yakni pihak yang dikunjungi. Juga sebagai tamu (visitor) dari dan ke berbagai negara di tepi Samudra Hindia, baik ke arah timur (India, Afrika, dan Arab) maupun utara (negara-negara ASEAN) dan selatan (Benua Australia). Sebagai hasil dari proses interaksi yang lama dan intensif itu, terjadilah saling adopsi—dengan kontekstualisasi— elemen-elemen kebudayaan, termasuk peradaban di antara bangsa-bangsa itu. Bahasa, agama, struktur sosial, monumen-monumen kuno, seperti candi dan masjid adalah produk dari pertukaran dan adopsi itu. Diaspora berbagai suku bangsa Indonesia di negara-negara tepian Samudra Hindia, juga sebaliknya, diaspora bangsa-bangsa lain di Indonesia, adalah wujud lain dari silang budaya ini. Berbeda dengan saling adopsi elemen-elemen budaya yang terjadi pada masa lalu, diaspora berlangsung sampai sekarang. Hal itu ditunjukkan oleh interaksi antara kelompokkelompok diaspora itu, baik dengan bangsa-bangsa yang menjadi host-nya, maupun dengan bangsa-bangsa mereka sendiri di tanah asalnya

Mangrove rehabilitation in the west coast of Aceh: issues and perspectives

The condition of mangroves pre- and post- tsunami and the socioeconomic role of mangrove forests in the livelihoods of coastal communities along the west coast of Aceh province, Indonesia are examined. The findings indicate that community livelihoods are significantly linked to the mangrove ecosystem. However, most of the mangrove rehabilitation programs are conservation orientated, aimed primarily at land conservation, and are not necessarily linked with livelihood options for local people or integrated resource management. This is a cause for concern as rehabilitation will only succeed when conservation measures are balanced with local community needs to obtain sustainable benefits from the rehabilitated systems. The rehabilitation efforts do involve the communities to a certain extent, but a more holistic and integrated approach needs to be adopted to ensure better management and sustainability of the rehabilitated mangrove forests

Enhancing coastal livelihoods in Indonesia: an evaluation of recent initiatives on gender, women and sustainable livelihoods in small-scale fisheries

In recent decades, there have been considerable efforts to enhance, diversify, or implement alternative livelihood activities in marginalized coastal communities, to ease reliance on deteriorating coastal resources, reduce poverty and improve well-being outcomes. To date, gender has been notably absent from the literature on small-scale fisheries and associated livelihood improvement programs, despite increasing evidence of the importance of gender equality and women’s empowerment in achieving such outcomes in other contexts. In this paper, drawing from an evaluation of the effectiveness of 20 livelihood development projects implemented in coastal communities in Indonesia since 1998, we report on how gender was considered in these projects. We assessed whether and how gender was included in project rationales, and how men and women were included in project activities. We found that, despite the women being reached by many project activities, particularly efforts to increase women’s productive capacity through training and group-based livelihoods enterprises, 40% of the projects had no discernible gender approach and only two of the 20 projects (10%) applied a gender transformative approach that sought to challenge local gender norms and gender relations and empower women beneficiaries. Our assessment suggests the need for greater understanding of the role of gender in reducing poverty and increasing well-being outcomes in coastal communities. Lessons from comparable agricultural settings suggest that this may be facilitated by locally situated gender social relations analysis, integration of gender throughout livelihood improvement project cycles, gendered capacity building activities and shared learning from the evaluation of the gendered outcomes of project activities

Analysing fisheries conflict with the FishCollab 'conflict mapping' toolkit: lessons from Selayar, Indonesia

Fisheries conflicts often occur among coastal fishers throughout the world, especially when the condition of coastal ecosystems decreases. This paper presents a method for analysing conflicts over the utilisation of coastal resources and a route to solutions involving multiple stakeholders in achieving sustainable fisheries management. This methodwas developed and tested in a participatory study conducted with coastal communities and local government in 2016-2018 in the Selayar Islands, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Within the participatory approach, data collection incorporated participant observation, in-depth interviews, and discussions. The conflict mapping tool identifies the direct and indirect parties to each conflict, their contexts, strengths, the underlying needs that manifest as positions, and their concerns with respect to the conflict issues. The analysis helps analysts or the parties themselves to look for common interests, and to identify "win-win" possibilities and opportunities to negotiate new solutions

Benefits of measurable population connectivity metrics for area-based marine management

Benefits of measurable population connectivity metrics for area-based marine managemen