Integration of biocontrol agents with fungicide, weedicide and plant growth regulator for management of stem and root rot of jute

Combination of chemical fungicides (viz., Carbendazim 50 WP and Tebuconazole 250 EC) and biocontrol agents (viz., Pseudomonas fluorescens Psfl1, P. striata Pst1, Azotobacter chrococcum Azbc3, Bradyrhizobium japonicum Brj4, Trichoderma aureoviridae S12, T. harzianum JTV2, T. virens JPG1, Aspergillus niger AN15 strains respectively either singly or in consortium) were used to counteract Macrophomina phaseolina, the causal organism of stem and root rot of jute. In addition, suitable plant growth regulator viz., Indole-3-acetic acid (100-1.0 µg/ppm) and herbicide Quizalofop ethyl 5 % EC were used to augment the activity of Trichoderma. T. aureoviridae strain S12 was found to be the best among the eight isolates screened for tolerance against the two fungicides and herbicide at a concentration of 10000 - 500 µg respectively as well as against M. phaseolina (Inhibition=72.33 %) in-vitro. This strain showed best compatibility with other strains and highest tolerance to fungicide i.e., Carbendazim 50 % (up to 500 ?g). Highest number (13.7×106) of active spores was recorded at a concentration of 25 ppm of IAA under in-vitro condition. S12 recorded a biocontrol efficiency of 61.8 % against stem rot of jute along with significant plant growth promotion and fibre production. Plant biomass also increased up to 7.5-12.1 % and fibre production 37.0-39.9 % with fungal and bacterial consortium + carbendazim seed dressing and soil drenching. These biocontrol fungi and PGPR consortium with high tolerance to fungicide, weedicide and plant growth regulator up to certain extent may be potentially exploited in IDM which may be a low cost technology in jute and allied fibre crops

Comparative study on growth and yield performance of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus florida) on different substrates

Experiment was carried out in the mushroom cultivation laboratory, Horticulture Center, Khairtala, Jessore to evaluate the better performance of oyster mushroom Pleurotus florida in different substrate compositions as well as to find out the better substrate for mushroom cultivation. Highest mycelium running rate was found in banana leaves and rice straw (1:1) but the lowest in control. Completion of mycelium running time was lowest in banana leaves and rice straw (1:3 and 3:1). Number of total primordia and effective primordia, found highest in control but the maximum pileus thickness was measured from rice straw. Highest biological yield and economic yield (164.4 g and 151.1 g) was obtained from rice straw which was much higher than control. From the graphical view, both positive and negative relationships were found between economic yield and different yield contributing attributes

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Fuzzy logic based energy management for grid connected hybrid PV system

Renewable energy resources are at the forefront for addressing the rapidly increasing energy demand. Renewable energy resources possess numerous advantages over conventional energy resources, but the major issue is the intermittency of its supply. This issue is partially addressed by designing a hybrid system with energy sources and battery storage systems, which can also be connected to the grid. In this paper, an optimal energy management system is proposed for a hybrid PV-Battery storage system. Fuzzy logic is used to control the battery storage system and grid-connected inverter, and its associated control is used to control power flow in the grid-tie line. The control strategy is designed, so that power flow from the grid happens only during contingency and normal operation; the battery storage system handles any power fluctuation and ensures optimal utilization of resources. The proposed scheme also ensures that battery capacity requirement is minimal yet sufficient to address all day-to-day variations that the system would typically face

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Not AvailableThe spatial changes in forest cover and deforestation rate over eight decades in Koraput district of Odisha, a mountainous part of Eastern Ghats Highland region was studied using remote sensing and GIS. The dynamics of forest fragmentation was also quantified using patch analysis. The multi-source and multi-date mapping was carried out using Survey of India topographical maps (1930's), Landsat MSS (1973), Landsat TM (1990), IRS P6 LISS III (2004 and 2013) satellite images. Radiometric and contrast correction was done to the images using digital image processing software. On-screen visual interpretation of forest cover was done which was aided by unsupervised classification. Ground truthing was done to determine the classification accuracy. Patch analysis was done to quantify forest fragmentation. The mapping accuracy varied between 71.8% and 93.3 % for different years under study. The results for 1932, 1973, 1990, 2004 and 2013 indicate that the forest cover for the mentioned years were 4413.4 km , 3706.0 km , 3051.1 km , 2554.4 km and 2284.5 km , which were 52.7%, 44.2%, 36.4%, 27.3% and 25.8% of the geographical area of the district, respectively. The deforestation rate was 0.38% per year during 1932-1973, 2.04% per year during 1973-1990, 1.71% per year during 1990-2004 and 0.63% per year during 2004-2013. The decline in overall rate of deforestation in recent years indicates increased emphasis on forest conservation. The number of fragmented forest patches was 398 in 1932, 645 in 1973, 688 in 1990, 697 in 2004 and 702 in 2013, which indicates ongoing anthropogenic pressure on the forests. The mean forest patch size decreased from 111 km in 1932 to 65.8 km in 2013.Not Availabl

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