PID Control for Takagi-Sugeno Fuzzy Model

In this chapter, we deal with the problem of controlling Takagi-Sugeno (TS) fuzzy model by PID controllers using the particle swarm optimization (PSO). Therefore, a new algorithm is proposed. This algorithm relies on the use of a new objective function taking into account both the performance indices and the error signal. The advantages of this approach are discussed through simulations on a numerical example

Asymptotic Analysis of the Local Potential Approximation to the Wetterich Equation

This paper reports a study of the nonlinear partial differential equation that arises in the local potential approximation to the Wetterich formulation of the functional renormalization group equation. A cut-off-dependent shift of the potential in this partial differential equation is performed. This shift allows a perturbative asymptotic treatment of the differential equation for large values of the infrared cut-off. To leading order in perturbation theory the differential equation becomes a heat equation, where the sign of the diffusion constant changes as the space-time dimension $D$ passes through $2$. When $D<2$, one obtains a forward heat equation whose initial-value problem is well-posed. However, for $D>2$ one obtains a backward heat equation whose initial-value problem is ill-posed. For the special case $D=1$ the asymptotic series for cubic and quartic models is extrapolated to the small infrared-cut-off limit by using Pad\'e techniques. The effective potential thus obtained from the partial differential equation is then used in a Schr\"odinger-equation setting to study the stability of the ground state. For cubic potentials it is found that this Pad\'e procedure distinguishes between a $PT$-symmetric $ig\phi^3$ theory and a conventional Hermitian $g\phi^3$ theory ($g$ real). For an $ig\phi^3$ theory the effective potential is nonsingular and has a stable ground state but for a conventional $g\phi^3$ theory the effective potential is singular. For a conventional Hermitian $g\phi^4$ theory and a $PT$-symmetric $-g\phi^4$ theory ($g>0$) the results are similar; the effective potentials in both cases are nonsingular and possess stable ground states

Sporting events among the disabled between excellence and ideal in motor performance

The identification of mechanical variables in the motor performance trajectory has a prominent role in improving skill performance, error-exceeding, it contributes seriously to solving some problems of learning and training. The study Aims to highlight the indicators of motor performance for Paralympic athletes during the practicing sports between modelling and between excellences in motor performance, this by taking into account the distinction of athlete practicing with special behavioural skills for the Paralympic athletes. In the study we relied on the analysis of some previous research of biomechanical performance indicators during some of the events sports (shooting activities in the Paralympic athletics, shooting skill in the wheelchair basketball). The results of the study highlight the distinction of disabled practitioners of sporting events identified in motor performance during practice, by overcoming some physics indicators in human movement, as a lower centre of body weight, Increase in offset distance, such resistance which requires them to redouble their efforts. However, the results of the study highlighted the strength of the correlation between biomechanical variables of motor performance and the digital level achievement similar to the other practitioners normal

Competencies and training needs and its impact on determining the professional skills of Algerian elite coaches

The main purpose of this study is to develop an understanding of the trainers' perceptions of competency and training needs related to professional skills in accordance with professional experience and academic education. The sample included 76 judo trainers who answered a questionnaire that included a measure that focused on the perceptions of competency and another on training needs. An exploratory factor analysis was used with the maximum probability factor (Oblimin) to determine emerging factors. A comparison of the Coaches ' concepts was made in the training experience and the academic background of the Coaches, where multiple comparisons were applied using ANOVA and Tukey. Three main areas of skills were done: skills related to annual planning; skills related to practice and competition; and personal education and training skills. Coach es' perceptions of their expertise were affected, with low-level trainers classifying themselves at lower levels of efficiency and more training needs; and higher-education Coaches in physical education were more efficient than mid-level trainers. Finally, most trainers consider them as efficient as they have indicated the training needs to be provided, which brings important feedback to the education of trainers. This suggests that trainers are an increasing their knowledge and competence in a wide range of areas that should be considered in future training of trainers programs, also to ensure the quality of education and training in the different level of physical and sports education institutes of the Algerian universities

Clinical and echocardiographic evaluation of patients undergoing total leaflets preservation during mitral valve replacement; Does it make a difference?

Background: The effect of anterior and posterior leaflet preservation on left ventricular function after mitral valve replacement is still the subject of ongoing research. The objective of this study is to analyze the early outcomes of total leaflets preservation compared to posterior and non-leaflet preservation during mitral valve surgery on cardiac function and dimensions measured by echocardiography and on the clinical outcomes.Methods: This prospective cohort study recruited 155 patients who had mitral valve replacement (MVR) from April 2016 to March 2018 at Assiut University Hospital. Patients were divided into three groups according to the technique of leaflets preservation; Group I (no leaflet preservation-N-MVR), Group II (total leaflet preservation- T-MVR) and Group III (posterior leaflet preservation-P-MVR). Patients who underwent redo mitral valve replacement (MVR) or those with endocarditis and had combined coronary artery bypass grafting with the MVR were excluded from the study.Results: There were nine early deaths (6%); eight patients were in Group I (N-MVR). Causes of mortality were massive intracranial hemorrhage (n= 2) and left ventricular failure (n=6). One patient died in Group III (P-MVR) from intracranial hemorrhage (1.3%). Hospital stay was significantly longer in N-MVR group compared to T-MVR and P-MVR (10.6±2.13 days in N-MVR group; p= 0.03 and 0.011 respectively). Postoperative low cardiac output occurred in all patients in N-MVR group. Left ventricular function (ejection fraction= 61.28±6.02%) and dimensions (end-diastolic diameter= 5.18±0.69 mm, end-systolic diameter= 3.58±0.78 mm) improved significantly in total leaflets preservation group.Conclusion: Leaflet preservation during mitral valve replacement was associated with improved clinical and echocardiographic outcomes. Non-leaflets preservation increased the risk of postoperative complications and length of hospital stay. Leaflet preservation is recommended as the standard approach during mitral valve replacement

PID Control for Nonlinear Processes

This chapter presents a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy system controller that can be trained by the particle swarm optimization-cuckoo search (PSOCS) technique to control nonlinear multi-input multi-output (MIMO) systems. Instead of the standard methods that are widely used in the literature, the PSOCS is used to adjust all of the PID parameters by the minimization of a given objective function. A nonlinear MIMO system has been selected to be controlled by this controller. The simulation results show the notable control accuracy and generalization ability of this MIMO controller. Finally, a comparative study with a PSO algorithm and CS algorithm shows the superiority of the PSOCS over these two optimization methods in terms of guaranteeing the desired performance