Building Civic Infrastructure: Implementing Community Partnership Grant Programmes in South Africa

This article examines recent efforts to establish Community Partnership Grant Programmes (CPG) in six South African communities. CPG programmes provide the financial and organizational infrastructure to support citizen-initiated neighbourhood projects

Claims against the Estate

I. Introduction II. Probate Jurisdiction of County Courts III. Procedures Prior to Filing Claims … A. Duty of Court to Enter Order and Cause Notice to Be Published … B. Duty of Attorney for Estate … C. Mailing Copy of Notice IV. Forms of Order, Notice, and Claim … A. In General … B. Order Barring Claims … C. Verification of Claims V. Claims That Must Be Filed … A. General Definition … B. Decedent’s Obligations, Due or Past Due, for the Payment of Money … C. Funeral and Last Illness … D. Unmatured Debts … E. Tort Claims … F. Contingent Claims … G. Claims for Personal Services … H. Claims for Personal Taxes … I. Promises to Pay at Death VI. Claims Which Need Not Be Filed … A. Specific Performance of Contracts to Devise or Bequeath … B. Debts Secured by Mortgage VII. Extension and Limitation Provisions … A. Limitation by First Court Order … B. Extension of Time for Filing … C. Further Limitation Provisions VIII. Executor’s Duties and Limitations of Authority … A. Must Plead Defense of Set-off … B. Cannot Waive Statute of Non-claim … C. Executor Has Burden of Proof of Defense of Payment IX. Assets Subject to Claims … A. In General … B. Insurance Companies’ Obligation under Liability Policy Insuring the Decedent … C. Fraudulent Conveyances … D. Gifts Causa Mortis X. Assets Not Subject to Claims … A. Life Insurance Payable to Beneficiary Other Than Estate … B. Personal Property Exempt from Execution … C. Homestead Interest … D. Jointly Held Property .. E. Recovery under Lord Campbell’s Act and Federal Employer’s Liability Act … F. Advancements … G. United States Savings Bonds and Bank Accounts XI. Priorities Paper delivered at the Institute on Probate Administration presented by the University of Nebraska College of Law and the Junior Bar Section of the Nebraska State Bar Association, September 18 and 19, 1959

Claims against the Estate

I. Introduction II. Probate Jurisdiction of County Courts III. Procedures Prior to Filing Claims … A. Duty of Court to Enter Order and Cause Notice to Be Published … B. Duty of Attorney for Estate … C. Mailing Copy of Notice IV. Forms of Order, Notice, and Claim … A. In General … B. Order Barring Claims … C. Verification of Claims V. Claims That Must Be Filed … A. General Definition … B. Decedent’s Obligations, Due or Past Due, for the Payment of Money … C. Funeral and Last Illness … D. Unmatured Debts … E. Tort Claims … F. Contingent Claims … G. Claims for Personal Services … H. Claims for Personal Taxes … I. Promises to Pay at Death VI. Claims Which Need Not Be Filed … A. Specific Performance of Contracts to Devise or Bequeath … B. Debts Secured by Mortgage VII. Extension and Limitation Provisions … A. Limitation by First Court Order … B. Extension of Time for Filing … C. Further Limitation Provisions VIII. Executor’s Duties and Limitations of Authority … A. Must Plead Defense of Set-off … B. Cannot Waive Statute of Non-claim … C. Executor Has Burden of Proof of Defense of Payment IX. Assets Subject to Claims … A. In General … B. Insurance Companies’ Obligation under Liability Policy Insuring the Decedent … C. Fraudulent Conveyances … D. Gifts Causa Mortis X. Assets Not Subject to Claims … A. Life Insurance Payable to Beneficiary Other Than Estate … B. Personal Property Exempt from Execution … C. Homestead Interest … D. Jointly Held Property .. E. Recovery under Lord Campbell’s Act and Federal Employer’s Liability Act … F. Advancements … G. United States Savings Bonds and Bank Accounts XI. Priorities Paper delivered at the Institute on Probate Administration presented by the University of Nebraska College of Law and the Junior Bar Section of the Nebraska State Bar Association, September 18 and 19, 1959

Physical And Biological Factors Affecting The Diel Vertical Migration Of Walleye Pollock

Thesis (Ph.D.) University of Alaska Fairbanks, 2007The mechanisms underlying diel vertical migration (DVM) in marine fishes are unclear, although it is generally thought that this behavior is influenced by light, hydrography, food availability and predator avoidance. In the North Pacific Ocean, walleye pollock (Theragra chalcogramma) undergo DVM as juveniles, ascending to the surface at night and returning to the bottom at dawn. Adults are generally considered demersal. The objective of this research was to examine the effect of light, temperature and prey availability on the DVM of adult pollock. The work was undertaken to further our understanding of pollock biology, and the mechanisms underlying DVM in marine fishes in general. The study was conducted in the northern Gulf of Alaska in April, August and November 2003. Trawls 100 m indicated that adults were not ascending to the surface at night, and that DVM behavior was occurring at depth. Euphausiids were the primary component of the diet in April and August. Decapods, primarily the shrimp Pandalus borealis, were the main component of the diet in November. Pollock passed through the thermocline during their ascent to the surface at night in August, and there was no relationship between the mean depth of pollock and the isolume (line of equal light intensity) necessary for visual foraging. In contrast, there was a significant relationship between the biomass of adult pollock above the 200 m isobath and the isolume necessary for visual foraging in November. Pollock did not pass through the thermocline at this time. It was concluded that in August adults ignore the isolume and thermocline, simply tracking the movements of euphausiid prey to feed upon them near the surface at night. In November, when euphausiids are no longer in patches, pollock shoals migrate up and down with the isolume necessary for visual foraging to feed on decapods

Public Service Employment: The Experience of a Decade

From 1971 to 1982, the federal government attempted to reduce unemployment by subsidizing positions in state and local governments. These efforts were geared toward helping the unemployed gain human capital that could lead to unsubsidized work, while helping governments provide needed services for their citizens. A variety of approaches were tried in practically every area of program design. The authors reveal what worked.https://research.upjohn.org/up_press/1125/thumbnail.jp

The Public Service Employment Program

From 1971 to 1982, the federal government attempted to reduce unemployment by subsidizing positions in state and local governments. These efforts were geared toward helping the unemployed gain human capital that could lead to unsubsidized work, while helping governments provide needed services for their citizens. A variety of approaches were tried in practically every area of program design. The authors reveal what worked.https://research.upjohn.org/up_press/1125/thumbnail.jp

On-Line Process Fiber Optic Refractometer for Measuring Edible Oil Hydrogenation

The process of edible oil partial hydrogenation has improved steadily over the past decades, but few on-line process instruments exist capable of measuring the extent of hydrogenation. This work describes the design of a prototype, on-line fiber optic refractometer for controlling and monitoring of oils. It uses an established correlation between the degree of hydrogenation of an edible oil and its refractive index (Rl). The refractometer cell uses a bare optical fiber in direct contact with processing oil. Equations are given describing the power transmission characteristics of an optical fiber as a function of its cladding Rl. Comparisons between calculated and experimental data are shown using test liquids flowing through the refractometer

3. Launching the New Enterprise

As the academic year of 1945-46 approached, the intensity of activity in preparation for actually opening the school in the fall term became overwhelming. Incredible though it may seem, Ives and Day were able in a period of a few weeks to assemble the nucleus of a faculty, several of whom formed a continuing source of counsel and advice both during the school’s formative years and thereafter. Includes: The First Dean and the School’s Dedication; A Participant’s View of the Early Years; Ives Moves On; Several Views of Martin P. Catherwood; The Founders

Quantitative Chemically-Specific Coherent Diffractive Imaging of Buried Interfaces using a Tabletop EUV Nanoscope

Characterizing buried layers and interfaces is critical for a host of applications in nanoscience and nano-manufacturing. Here we demonstrate non-invasive, non-destructive imaging of buried interfaces using a tabletop, extreme ultraviolet (EUV), coherent diffractive imaging (CDI) nanoscope. Copper nanostructures inlaid in SiO2 are coated with 100 nm of aluminum, which is opaque to visible light and thick enough that neither optical microscopy nor atomic force microscopy can image the buried interfaces. Short wavelength (29 nm) high harmonic light can penetrate the aluminum layer, yielding high-contrast images of the buried structures. Moreover, differences in the absolute reflectivity of the interfaces before and after coating reveal the formation of interstitial diffusion and oxidation layers at the Al-Cu and Al-SiO2 boundaries. Finally, we show that EUV CDI provides a unique capability for quantitative, chemically-specific imaging of buried structures, and the material evolution that occurs at these buried interfaces, compared with all other approaches.Comment: 12 pages, 8 figure