SPS energy scan results and physics prospects at FAIR

Experimental studies of nucleus-nucleus collisions in the whole SPS energy range are reviewed. Selected topics such as statistical properties of the hadronic phase, strangeness production, fluctuations and correlations are discussed with regard to information on the onset of deconfinement and the critical point of strongly interacting matter. In spite of the very interesting results obtained in particular at the low SPS energies, additional data including rare probes such as charmed particles and di-leptons are required for a precise understanding of the underlying physics. An outlook about prospects and capabilities of upcoming experiments in this interesting energy region at RHIC, SPS, and in particular with CBM at FAIR, is given.Comment: 8 pages, 8 figures - To appear in the conference proceedings for Quark Matter 2009, March 30 - April 4, Knoxville, Tennesse

Probing Quark Gluon Liquid Using Transverse Momentum Fluctuations

The onset of equilibration in nuclear collisions can lead to related trends in the centrality dependence of the average transverse momentum, pt fluctuations and net charge fluctuations. We extend the transport description of S. Gavin (Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 162301 (2004)) to include radial flow.Comment: Talk given at the 18th International Conference on Ultra Relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions (Quark Matter 2005), Budapest, Hungary, 4-9 Aug. 200

Incisional hernia after surgery for diverticular disease

Sažetak Pozadina Incizijska hernija nakon otvorene operacije dobro je poznata komplikacija. Napravljena je retrospektivna studija s ciljem utvrđivanja učestalosti i predodređujućih faktora incizijske hernije nakon operacije kolona zbog divertikularne bolesti. Metode Praćena je retrospektivna kohorta od 105 uzastopnih pacijenata podvrgnutih laparoskopskoj ili otvorenoj operaciji zbog komplikacija divertikuloze između siječnja 2000. i prosinca 2010. godine. Praćen je utjecaj demografskih čimbenika, kirurški pristup i vrijeme za razvitak incizijske hernije. Statistička evaluacija izvedena je pomoću Pearsonovog hi-kvadratnog testa i Mann-Whitneyevog testa. Rezultati U grupi od 31 muškarca i 74 žene, prosječne dobi 67 godina, incizijska hernija razvila se kod njih 27 (26%) u prosječnom vremenu praćenja od 5,5 godina. Incizijska hernija nađena je kod 23 pacijenta (9%) u grupi operiranoj laparoskopski u usporedbi s 25 od 82 pacijenta (30%) u grupi podvrgnutoj otvorenom zahvatu (P = 0,03). Nije dokazan veći rizik za incizijsku herniju nakon akutne operacije (P = 0,6). Važan demografski čimbenik koji utječe na učestalost pojavljivanja incizijske hernije bio je ženski spol (P = 0,003), ali ne i dob (P = 0,43). Srednje vrijeme pojave hernije bilo je 1,5 godina. Zaključak Laparoskopska kirurgija ima znatno nižu učestalost incizijske hernije u usporedbi s otvorenom kirurškom tehnikom. Ženski spol ima veći rizik za incizijsku herniju od akutne operacije ili dobi. Budući da je laparoskopija izvedivija kao elektivna operacija, kada govorimo o incizijskoj herniji, trebalo bi rano preporučiti sigmoidne resekcije, posebice ženama

Modification of jet-like correlations in Pb-Au at the SPS

A high statistics study of high-$p_t$ two-particle azimuthal correlations in Pb-Au at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}=17.2$ GeV, performed by the CERES experiment at the CERN-SPS, is presented. A broad away-side correlation with significant dip at $\Delta\phi\approx\pi$ is observed. The shape and magnitude of the correlation is similar to measurements at RHIC. In comparison to PYTHIA calculations, we observe a significant excess of soft particles at the away-side. A study of charge correlations between trigger and associated particles disfavors vacuum fragmentation of the away-side jet and suggests significant energy transfer of the hard-scattered parton to the medium.Comment: Proceedings to Quark Matter 2009 Conference, Knoxville, Tennessee, US

Heavy-quark azimuthal momentum correlations as a sensitive probe of thermalization

In high-energy nuclear collisions the degree of thermalization at the partonic level is a key issue. Due to their large mass, heavy quarks and their possible participation in the collective flow of the QCD-medium constitute a powerful probe for thermalization. We present studies with PYTHIA for p+p collisions at the top LHC energy of $\sqrt{s}$ = 14 TeV applying the two-particle transverse momentum correlator $$ to pairs of heavy-quark hadrons and their semi-leptonic decay products as a function of their relative azimuth. Modifications or even the complete absence of initially existing correlations in Pb+Pb collisions might indicate thermalization at the partonic level.Comment: 7 pages, 5 figs.; accepted for publication in Nucl. Phys.

The Digitalization of the Russian Financial Market: The Use of Technologies of the Distributed Ledger by the Institutions of Custodian Infrastructure

Over the past 30 years financial markets have moved from a highly centralized to a globalized system that includes all the world's stock exchanges and other financial institutions. The global stock architecture has united the world market.Traditionally, trading in financial instruments took place between stock brokers and traders who made personal transactions on trading platforms. At that time, stock brokers were monopolists of the market, only their information, their recommendations were the only source of information for investors. This was before the dotcom revolution, when communication became simple and accessible to everyone. Trade has been transformed from physical to electronic form, today you can buy securities, currencies and any derivatives in any quantity, at any time and from anywhere in the world. Development of blockchain technologies is integrated into financial transactions. Financial intermediaries are forced to follow the market and actively introduce new technologies in their processes.This article will consider the possibility of using the technology of the distributed ledger by institutions of custodian infrastructure. Today, a number of Russian financial institutions are developing their own projects using blockchain

Hadrons in Hot and Dense Matter

The description of excitations in hot and dense (hadronic) matter is discussed with emphasis on the use of correlation functions as a common framework for comparing different model (and QCD lattice) calculations with each other. Typical regimes of applicability of hadronic approaches are assessed, together with possibilities to confront them with experiment. We also elaborate on recent developments to relate baryonic in-medium effects to chiral symmetry restoration.Comment: Convener Talk at the Int. Conf. on Quark Nuclear Physics, June 9-14, 2002 (Juelich, Germany); 3 pages LaTeX including 5 eps-figures and EPJ style file

Genetic structure analysis of the alien mollusk Stenomphalia ravergiensis (Mollusca, Gastropoda, Pulmonata) population in Belgorod (Russia)

Gel electrophoretic analysis of allozymes was used to study the genetic structure of the population of the alien mollusk Stenomphalia ravergiensis that inhabits urbanized landscapes in the town of Belgorod (Russia). A high genetic variability level and low values of inbreeding coefficient were characteristic of most colonie

Has the Quark-Gluon Plasma been seen?

Data from the first three years of running at RHIC are reviewed and put into context with data obtained previously at the AGS and SPS and with the physics question of creation of a quark-gluon plasma in high energy heavy ion collisions. Also some very recent and still preliminary data from run4 are included.Comment: plenary paper, Lepton-Photon 2005, Uppsala, Swede