Butterflies of two atlantic forest conservation units from Paraíba state, northeast of Brazil

Conservation Units are areas legally established by the government with the goal of conserving territory and its natural resources. Given the limited knowledge about the invertebrate biodiversity in the Northern Atlantic Forest, including its legally protected areas, the present study aimed to inventory butterfly species in two Conservation Units of the Northern Atlantic Forest in Paraíba, Brazil: Engenho Gargaú Private Natural Heritage Reserve (RPPN Gargaú) and Mata do Xém-xém State Park (PE Xém-xém), both located in the metropolitan region of João Pessoa. We conducted the collections every two months, over three consecutive days, in six expeditions from February 2013 to April 2014 in RPPN Gargaú and in four expeditions from August 2014 to April 2015 in PE Xém-xem. Additionally, a two-day collecting expedition was carried out in August 2021 in RPPN Gargaú. We employed two sampling methods: Van Someren-Rydon traps and entomological nets. A total of 212 species (2,841 specimens) were recorded, 158 (1,867 specimens) in RPPN Gargaú and 129 (974 specimens) in PE Xém-xém. Overall, Hesperiidae was the richest family (81 spp.), followed by Nymphalidae (70), Riodinidae (22), Lycaenidae (22), Pieridae (12), and Papilionidae (4). Out of the total species, 48 are new records for Paraíba, and seven for northeast Brazil. Notably, the record of Morpho menelaus eberti Weber, 1963 in RPPN Gargaú, a subspecies classified as Critically Endangered (CR), stands out. The results emphasize the need to protect the forest remnants in the region, as well as to develop management and monitoring actions for butterflies and other invertebrates

Revisão taxonômica dos gêneros Artines Godman, 1901 e Panca Evans, 1955 (Hesperiidae, Hesperiinae, Moncini)

Orientador: Prof. Dr. Olaf Hermann Hendrik MielkeCoorientador: Dr. Diego Rodrigo DolibainaDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Entomologia). Defesa : Curitiba, 26/02/2019Inclui referênciasÁrea de concentração: EntomologiaResumo: A presente dissertação consiste em dois capítulos. No Capítulo I, o gênero Artines Godman, 1901 é revisado e inclui 15 espécies: A. aepitus (Geyer, 1832), A. maya A. Warren & Dolibaina, 2015, A. rica Steinhauser & Austin, 1993, A. aquilina (Plotz, 1882), A. focus Evans, 1955, A. bipunctata O. Mielke, 1969 e mais nove espécies novas. Um neótipo para Thracides aepitus Geyer, 1832 e um lectótipo para Artines atizies Godman, 1901 são designados. Sete das espécies previamente incluídas em Artines mostraram-se morfologicamente muito distintas e desse modo não permaneceram no gênero. Estas espécies incluem: A. acroleuca (Plotz, 1884), A. mirnae O. Mielke Dolibaina, Carneiro & Warren, 2015, A. satyr Evans, 1955, A. tobiasi O. Mielke, 1992, A. steinhauseri Dolibaina & Warren, 2015, A. fosca Evans 1995 e A. trogon Evans, 1955. Após uma investigação nos demais gêneros de Moncini, foi constatado que estas espécies (exceto A. fosca), junto com Vidius mictra Evans, 1955 e Eutocuspaulo Bell, 1932, compartilham muitos caracteres morfológicos com as espécies de Panca Evans, 1955. Assim, no Capítulo II, o gênero Panca Evans, 1955 é revisado e inclui 12 espécies: P. satyr (Evans, 1955) comb. nov., P. paulo (Bell, 1932) comb. nov., P. tobiasi (Mielke, 1992) comb. nov., P. trogon (Evans, 1955) comb. nov., P. subpunctuli (Hayward, 1934), P. moseri Dolibaina, Carneiro & O. Mielke, 2017, P. steinhauseri (Dolibaina & A. Warren, 2015) comb. nov., P. acroleuca (Plotz, 1884) comb. nov., P. mictra (Evans, 1955) comb. nov., P. mirnae (O. Mielke, Dolibaina, Carneiro & A. Warren, 2015) comb. nov. e mais duas espécies novas. Um neótipo para Apaustus acroleuca Plotz, 1884 é designado. O gênero Artines como definido no presente trabalho inclui espécies típicas de ambientes florestais e ocorrem do México até a Bolívia, Paraguai, sul do Brasil e norte da Argentina. Já a maioria das espécies de Panca estão associadas à ambientes abertos naturais da América do Sul, com registros para a Venezuela, Equador, Peru, Bolívia, Brasil e Argentina. Artines fosca Evans, 1955 pertence a outro gênero a ser estudado e por isso não foi incluída neste trabalho.Abstract: The present thesis consists of two chapters. In chapter I, the genus Artines Godman, 1901 is revised and includes 15 species: A. aepitus (Geyer, 1832), A. maya A. Warren & Dolibaina, 2015, A. rica Steinhauser & Austin, 1993, A. aquilina (Plötz, 1882), A. focus Evans, 1955, A. bipunctata O. Mielke, 1969 and nine new species. A neotype for Thracides aepitus Geyer, 1832 and a lectotype for Artines atizies Godman, 1901 are designated. Seven of the species previously included in Artines were morphologically very distinct and did not remain in the genus. This species includes: A. acroleuca (Plötz, 1884), A. mirnae O. Mielke Dolibaina, Carneiro & Warren, 2015, A. satyr Evans, 1955, A. tobiasi O. Mielke, 1992, A. steinhauseri Dolibaina & Warren, 2015, A .fo sc a Evans 1995 e A. trogonEvans, 1955. After an investigation in the other genera of Moncini, it was found that these species (except A. fosca), together with Vidius mictra Evans, 1955 and Eutocus paulo Bell, 1932, share many morphological characters with the species of Panca Evans, 1955. Thus, in the chapter II, Panca Evans, 1955 is revised and includes 12 species: P. satyr (Evans, 1955) comb. nov., P. paulo (Bell, 1932) comb. nov., P. tobiasi (Mielke, 1992) comb. nov., P. trogon (Evans, 1955) comb. nov., P. subpunctuli (Hayward, 1934), P. moseri Dolibaina, Carneiro & O. Mielke, 2017, P. steinhauseri (Dolibaina & A. Warren, 2015) comb. nov., P. acroleuca (Plötz, 1884) comb. nov., P. mictra (Evans, 1955) comb. nov., P. mirnae (O. Mielke, Dolibaina, Carneiro & A. Warren, 2015) comb. nov. and two new species. A neotype for Apaustus acroleuca Plötz, 1884 is designated. The genus Artines as defined in the present work includes species typical of forest environments and occur from Mexico to Bolivia, Paraguay, southern Brazil and northern Argentina. The majority of Panca species are associated with the open natural environments of South America, with records for Venezuela, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Brazil, and Argentina. Artines fosca Evans, 1955 belongs to another genus to be studied and therefore was not included in this work

Revisão taxonômica dos gêneros Artines Godman, 1901 e Panca Evans, 1955 (Hesperiidae, Hesperiinae, Moncini)

Orientador: Prof. Dr. Olaf Hermann Hendrik MielkeCoorientador: Dr. Diego Rodrigo DolibainaDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Entomologia). Defesa : Curitiba, 26/02/2019Inclui referênciasÁrea de concentração: EntomologiaResumo: A presente dissertação consiste em dois capítulos. No Capítulo I, o gênero Artines Godman, 1901 é revisado e inclui 15 espécies: A. aepitus (Geyer, 1832), A. maya A. Warren & Dolibaina, 2015, A. rica Steinhauser & Austin, 1993, A. aquilina (Plotz, 1882), A. focus Evans, 1955, A. bipunctata O. Mielke, 1969 e mais nove espécies novas. Um neótipo para Thracides aepitus Geyer, 1832 e um lectótipo para Artines atizies Godman, 1901 são designados. Sete das espécies previamente incluídas em Artines mostraram-se morfologicamente muito distintas e desse modo não permaneceram no gênero. Estas espécies incluem: A. acroleuca (Plotz, 1884), A. mirnae O. Mielke Dolibaina, Carneiro & Warren, 2015, A. satyr Evans, 1955, A. tobiasi O. Mielke, 1992, A. steinhauseri Dolibaina & Warren, 2015, A. fosca Evans 1995 e A. trogon Evans, 1955. Após uma investigação nos demais gêneros de Moncini, foi constatado que estas espécies (exceto A. fosca), junto com Vidius mictra Evans, 1955 e Eutocuspaulo Bell, 1932, compartilham muitos caracteres morfológicos com as espécies de Panca Evans, 1955. Assim, no Capítulo II, o gênero Panca Evans, 1955 é revisado e inclui 12 espécies: P. satyr (Evans, 1955) comb. nov., P. paulo (Bell, 1932) comb. nov., P. tobiasi (Mielke, 1992) comb. nov., P. trogon (Evans, 1955) comb. nov., P. subpunctuli (Hayward, 1934), P. moseri Dolibaina, Carneiro & O. Mielke, 2017, P. steinhauseri (Dolibaina & A. Warren, 2015) comb. nov., P. acroleuca (Plotz, 1884) comb. nov., P. mictra (Evans, 1955) comb. nov., P. mirnae (O. Mielke, Dolibaina, Carneiro & A. Warren, 2015) comb. nov. e mais duas espécies novas. Um neótipo para Apaustus acroleuca Plotz, 1884 é designado. O gênero Artines como definido no presente trabalho inclui espécies típicas de ambientes florestais e ocorrem do México até a Bolívia, Paraguai, sul do Brasil e norte da Argentina. Já a maioria das espécies de Panca estão associadas à ambientes abertos naturais da América do Sul, com registros para a Venezuela, Equador, Peru, Bolívia, Brasil e Argentina. Artines fosca Evans, 1955 pertence a outro gênero a ser estudado e por isso não foi incluída neste trabalho.Abstract: The present thesis consists of two chapters. In chapter I, the genus Artines Godman, 1901 is revised and includes 15 species: A. aepitus (Geyer, 1832), A. maya A. Warren & Dolibaina, 2015, A. rica Steinhauser & Austin, 1993, A. aquilina (Plötz, 1882), A. focus Evans, 1955, A. bipunctata O. Mielke, 1969 and nine new species. A neotype for Thracides aepitus Geyer, 1832 and a lectotype for Artines atizies Godman, 1901 are designated. Seven of the species previously included in Artines were morphologically very distinct and did not remain in the genus. This species includes: A. acroleuca (Plötz, 1884), A. mirnae O. Mielke Dolibaina, Carneiro & Warren, 2015, A. satyr Evans, 1955, A. tobiasi O. Mielke, 1992, A. steinhauseri Dolibaina & Warren, 2015, A .fo sc a Evans 1995 e A. trogonEvans, 1955. After an investigation in the other genera of Moncini, it was found that these species (except A. fosca), together with Vidius mictra Evans, 1955 and Eutocus paulo Bell, 1932, share many morphological characters with the species of Panca Evans, 1955. Thus, in the chapter II, Panca Evans, 1955 is revised and includes 12 species: P. satyr (Evans, 1955) comb. nov., P. paulo (Bell, 1932) comb. nov., P. tobiasi (Mielke, 1992) comb. nov., P. trogon (Evans, 1955) comb. nov., P. subpunctuli (Hayward, 1934), P. moseri Dolibaina, Carneiro & O. Mielke, 2017, P. steinhauseri (Dolibaina & A. Warren, 2015) comb. nov., P. acroleuca (Plötz, 1884) comb. nov., P. mictra (Evans, 1955) comb. nov., P. mirnae (O. Mielke, Dolibaina, Carneiro & A. Warren, 2015) comb. nov. and two new species. A neotype for Apaustus acroleuca Plötz, 1884 is designated. The genus Artines as defined in the present work includes species typical of forest environments and occur from Mexico to Bolivia, Paraguay, southern Brazil and northern Argentina. The majority of Panca species are associated with the open natural environments of South America, with records for Venezuela, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Brazil, and Argentina. Artines fosca Evans, 1955 belongs to another genus to be studied and therefore was not included in this work

FIGURE 8 in A new species of Vehilius Godman, 1900 (Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae, Hesperiinae) endemic to the Caatinga, northeastern Brazil: taxonomy, biology and behavior

FIGURE 8. Immature stages of Vehilius jabre sp. nov. a: pre-pupa in dorsal view. b: pre-pupa in lateral view. c: pupa in dorsal view. d: pupa in lateral view. e: pupa in ventral view. f: pupa in ventral view near adult emergence. g: shelter built by third instar larva of Vehilius jabre sp. nov. h: shelter built by the fifth instar larva of Vehilius jabre sp. nov. before pupal formation. Scale bar = 0.2 mm.Published as part of <i>Souza, Janiely Alves De, Medeiros, Adalberto Dantas De, Dolibaina, Diego Rodrigo & Kerpel, Solange Maria, 2023, A new species of Vehilius Godman, 1900 (Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae, Hesperiinae) endemic to the Caatinga, northeastern Brazil: taxonomy, biology and behavior, pp. 239-254 in Zootaxa 5360 (2)</i> on page 248, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5360.2.4, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/10147081">http://zenodo.org/record/10147081</a&gt

A new species of Vehilius Godman, 1900 (Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae, Hesperiinae) endemic to the Caatinga, northeastern Brazil: taxonomy, biology and behavior

Souza, Janiely Alves De, Medeiros, Adalberto Dantas De, Dolibaina, Diego Rodrigo, Kerpel, Solange Maria (2023): A new species of Vehilius Godman, 1900 (Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae, Hesperiinae) endemic to the Caatinga, northeastern Brazil: taxonomy, biology and behavior. Zootaxa 5360 (2): 239-254, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5360.2.4, URL: https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.5360.2.4/5211

FIGURE 4 in A new species of Vehilius Godman, 1900 (Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae, Hesperiinae) endemic to the Caatinga, northeastern Brazil: taxonomy, biology and behavior

FIGURE 4. Male genitalia of Vehilius jabre sp. nov., paratype, Serrote da Cruz, Patos, Paraíba Brazil (CLEIIC 05071) (a–l) and V. warreni, Ribeirão Cascalheira, Mato Grosso, Brazil (DZ 8.849) (m–n). a: dorsal view of tegumen, uncus, and gnathos. b: ventral view of tegumen, uncus, and gnathos. c: lateral view of tegumen, uncus, gnathos, ventral arm of tegumen, dorsal arm of saccus, and saccus. d: ventral view of saccus. e: lateral view of the left valva. f: lateral view of the right valva. g: dorsal view of left valva. h: lateral view of fultura inferior. i: dorsal view of aedeagus. j: ventral view of aedeagus. k: left lateral view of aedeagus. l: right lateral view of aedeagus. m: male genitalia of Vehilius warreni in lateral view. n: dorsal view of the left valva of Vehilius warreni. The red arrows indicate the main differences between the two species. Scale bar = 0.5 mm.Published as part of <i>Souza, Janiely Alves De, Medeiros, Adalberto Dantas De, Dolibaina, Diego Rodrigo & Kerpel, Solange Maria, 2023, A new species of Vehilius Godman, 1900 (Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae, Hesperiinae) endemic to the Caatinga, northeastern Brazil: taxonomy, biology and behavior, pp. 239-254 in Zootaxa 5360 (2)</i> on page 243, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5360.2.4, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/10147081">http://zenodo.org/record/10147081</a&gt

FIGURE 9 in A new species of Vehilius Godman, 1900 (Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae, Hesperiinae) endemic to the Caatinga, northeastern Brazil: taxonomy, biology and behavior

FIGURE 9. Environment and behavior of Vehilius jabre sp. nov. and Lerodea erythrostictus. a–b: microhabitats where Vehilius jabre sp. nov. is frequently found. c: Vehilius jabre sp. nov. resting in the rock. d: Lerodea erythrostictus resting in the rock. e–f: Vehilius jabre sp. nov. feeding on Cactaceae flowers (e: photographed by the authors in Matureia, Paraíba, Brazil and f: photographed by Ermerson Sharbel in Nova Palmeira, Paraíba, Brazil (https://www.inaturalist.org/observations/77749676, accessed 21/09/2023).Published as part of <i>Souza, Janiely Alves De, Medeiros, Adalberto Dantas De, Dolibaina, Diego Rodrigo & Kerpel, Solange Maria, 2023, A new species of Vehilius Godman, 1900 (Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae, Hesperiinae) endemic to the Caatinga, northeastern Brazil: taxonomy, biology and behavior, pp. 239-254 in Zootaxa 5360 (2)</i> on page 249, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5360.2.4, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/10147081">http://zenodo.org/record/10147081</a&gt

FIGURE 7 in A new species of Vehilius Godman, 1900 (Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae, Hesperiinae) endemic to the Caatinga, northeastern Brazil: taxonomy, biology and behavior

FIGURE 7. Immature stages of Vehilius jabre sp. nov. in dorsal (left) and lateral (right) views. a–b: first instar larva. c–d: second instar larva. e–f: third instar larva. g–h: fourth instar larva. i–j: fifth instar larva. k: head of third instar larva in anterior view. l: head of fourth instar larva in anterior view. m: head of fifth instar larva in anterior view. Scale bar = 0.2 mm.Published as part of <i>Souza, Janiely Alves De, Medeiros, Adalberto Dantas De, Dolibaina, Diego Rodrigo & Kerpel, Solange Maria, 2023, A new species of Vehilius Godman, 1900 (Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae, Hesperiinae) endemic to the Caatinga, northeastern Brazil: taxonomy, biology and behavior, pp. 239-254 in Zootaxa 5360 (2)</i> on page 247, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5360.2.4, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/10147081">http://zenodo.org/record/10147081</a&gt

FIGURE 2 in A new species of Vehilius Godman, 1900 (Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae, Hesperiinae) endemic to the Caatinga, northeastern Brazil: taxonomy, biology and behavior

FIGURE 2. Panicum trichoides (Poaceae), hostplant of Vehilius jabre sp. nov.. a: hostplant in its natural environment. b: leaf and inflorescence.Published as part of <i>Souza, Janiely Alves De, Medeiros, Adalberto Dantas De, Dolibaina, Diego Rodrigo & Kerpel, Solange Maria, 2023, A new species of Vehilius Godman, 1900 (Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae, Hesperiinae) endemic to the Caatinga, northeastern Brazil: taxonomy, biology and behavior, pp. 239-254 in Zootaxa 5360 (2)</i> on page 242, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5360.2.4, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/10147081">http://zenodo.org/record/10147081</a&gt

FIGURE 5 in A new species of Vehilius Godman, 1900 (Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae, Hesperiinae) endemic to the Caatinga, northeastern Brazil: taxonomy, biology and behavior

FIGURE 5. Tergum VIII, sterigma and papilla analis of Vehilius jabre sp. nov., paratype, Serrote da Cruz, Patos, Paraíba Brazil (CLEIIC 05070) (a) and Vehilius warreni, Vila Velha, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil (DZ 55.252) (b) in lateral view. The red arrows indicate the main differences between the two species. Scale bar = 0.5 mm.Published as part of <i>Souza, Janiely Alves De, Medeiros, Adalberto Dantas De, Dolibaina, Diego Rodrigo & Kerpel, Solange Maria, 2023, A new species of Vehilius Godman, 1900 (Lepidoptera, Hesperiidae, Hesperiinae) endemic to the Caatinga, northeastern Brazil: taxonomy, biology and behavior, pp. 239-254 in Zootaxa 5360 (2)</i> on page 244, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5360.2.4, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/10147081">http://zenodo.org/record/10147081</a&gt