National character and European identity in Hungarian literature 1772-1848

My thesis examines late 18th and early 19th century Hungarian literature in its European context, demonstrating its complex fusion of nationally specific and fundamentally European elements. In comparing the social background to, and central ideas of, the West European Enlightenment with the conditions and aspirations of the Hungarian literary renewal in the years 1772-95, Chapter One challenges the conventional characterisation of this period in Hungarian literature as a "belated" Age of Enlightenment. Chapter Two argues the essential continuity between West European and Hungarian culture at the end of the 18th century, in a period bom of the Enlightenment's inner crisis, and draws on Schiller's notion of the sentimental in characterising the new cultural moment in Europe. Chapter Three offers a detailed account of the 'sentimental dilemma' in late 18th century Hungarian literature, while Chapter Four traces the origins of the literary preoccupation with folk culture which was to play a leading role in the development of the national literature throughout the 19th century. I interpret the growing identification with the 'simplicity', 'naturalness' and national character of folk culture as an attempt to resolve the sentimental crisis of identity. Here I draw on Schiller's concept of the naive and on Herder's distinction between natural and art poetry. Chapter Five considers the development of the 'naive' identification with folk culture in the Age of Reform, while Chapter Six examines the conscious 'literary populism' of the 1840s which categorically rejects foreign influences and promotes folk poetry as the basis for an 'organic' and 'authentic' national poetry. Chapter Seven attempts to recover a series of profoundly European Romantic initiatives in early 19th century Hungarian literature which have been neglected by the popular-national tradition. My conclusion considers the survival of these tensions between European influence and national character in Hungarian literature after 1848

Reviews

Adam Makkai (ed.): In Quest of the 'Miracle Stag': The Poetry of Hungary. An Anthology of Hungarian Poetry from the 13th Century to the Present in English Translation. Vol. I. Chicago-Budapest: Atlantis-Centaur, M. Szivárvány and Corvina, 1996. LXVI + 964 pp. ; Der literaturgeschichtliche Fahrplan ; The Kiss: 20th Century Hungarian Short Stories Selected by István Bart. Budapest: Corvina Books, 1993. Fourth Printing, 1998. ; László Kósa (ed.): A Cultural History of Hungary Translated by Tünde Vajda. Budapest: Corvina Books/Osiris Kiadó, 1999. ; Gábor Tolcsvai-Nagy: A magyar nyelv stilisztikája [Hungarian Stylistics]. Budapest: Nemzeti Tankönyvkiadó, 1996

Impurity states in antiferromagnetic Iron Arsenides

We explore theoretically impurity states in the antiferromagnetic spin-density wave state of the iron arsenide. Two types of impurity models are employed: one has only the intraband scattering while the other has both the intraband and interband scattering with the equal strength. Interestingly, the impurity bound state is revealed around the impurity site in the energy gap for both models. However, the impurity state is doubly degenerate with respect to spin for the first case; while the single impurity state is observed in either the spin-up or spin-down channel for the second one. The impurity-induced variations of the local density of states are also examined.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figure

A many-analysts approach to the relation between religiosity and well-being

The relation between religiosity and well-being is one of the most researched topics in the psychology of religion, yet the directionality and robustness of the effect remains debated. Here, we adopted a many-analysts approach to assess the robustness of this relation based on a new cross-cultural dataset (N = 10, 535 participants from 24 countries). We recruited 120 analysis teams to investigate (1) whether religious people self-report higher well-being, and (2) whether the relation between religiosity and self-reported well-being depends on perceived cultural norms of religion (i.e., whether it is considered normal and desirable to be religious in a given country). In a two-stage procedure, the teams first created an analysis plan and then executed their planned analysis on the data. For the first research question, all but 3 teams reported positive effect sizes with credible/confidence intervals excluding zero (median reported beta = 0.120). For the second research question, this was the case for 65% of the teams (median reported beta = 0.039). While most teams applied (multilevel) linear regression models, there was considerable variability in the choice of items used to construct the independent variables, the dependent variable, and the included covariates.</p

A many-analysts approach to the relation between religiosity and well-being

The relation between religiosity and well-being is one of the most researched topics in the psychology of religion, yet the directionality and robustness of the effect remains debated. Here, we adopted a many-analysts approach to assess the robustness of this relation based on a new cross-cultural dataset (N=10,535 participants from 24 countries). We recruited 120 analysis teams to investigate (1) whether religious people self-report higher well-being, and (2) whether the relation between religiosity and self-reported well-being depends on perceived cultural norms of religion (i.e., whether it is considered normal and desirable to be religious in a given country). In a two-stage procedure, the teams first created an analysis plan and then executed their planned analysis on the data. For the first research question, all but 3 teams reported positive effect sizes with credible/confidence intervals excluding zero (median reported β=0.120). For the second research question, this was the case for 65% of the teams (median reported β=0.039). While most teams applied (multilevel) linear regression models, there was considerable variability in the choice of items used to construct the independent variables, the dependent variable, and the included covariates

A Many-analysts Approach to the Relation Between Religiosity and Well-being

The relation between religiosity and well-being is one of the most researched topics in the psychology of religion, yet the directionality and robustness of the effect remains debated. Here, we adopted a many-analysts approach to assess the robustness of this relation based on a new cross-cultural dataset (N = 10, 535 participants from 24 countries). We recruited 120 analysis teams to investigate (1) whether religious people self-report higher well-being, and (2) whether the relation between religiosity and self-reported well-being depends on perceived cultural norms of religion (i.e., whether it is considered normal and desirable to be religious in a given country). In a two-stage procedure, the teams first created an analysis plan and then executed their planned analysis on the data. For the first research question, all but 3 teams reported positive effect sizes with credible/confidence intervals excluding zero (median reported β = 0.120). For the second research question, this was the case for 65% of the teams (median reported β = 0.039). While most teams applied (multilevel) linear regression models, there was considerable variability in the choice of items used to construct the independent variables, the dependent variable, and the included covariates

The psychological science accelerator’s COVID-19 rapid-response dataset

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the Psychological Science Accelerator coordinated three large-scale psychological studies to examine the effects of loss-gain framing, cognitive reappraisals, and autonomy framing manipulations on behavioral intentions and affective measures. The data collected (April to October 2020) included specific measures for each experimental study, a general questionnaire examining health prevention behaviors and COVID-19 experience, geographical and cultural context characterization, and demographic information for each participant. Each participant started the study with the same general questions and then was randomized to complete either one longer experiment or two shorter experiments. Data were provided by 73,223 participants with varying completion rates. Participants completed the survey from 111 geopolitical regions in 44 unique languages/dialects. The anonymized dataset described here is provided in both raw and processed formats to facilitate re-use and further analyses. The dataset offers secondary analytic opportunities to explore coping, framing, and self-determination across a diverse, global sample obtained at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, which can be merged with other time-sampled or geographic data