Die Bestimmung der Cystinaminopeptidase (Oxytocinase) mit einem ENI-Fast-Analyzer

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HIV-positive trial: Results of the cost-effectiveness analysis (per 1000 pregnant HIV-positive women).

<p>All monetary values are expressed in US$ 2012</p><p>IPTp = Intermittent Preventive Treatment of malaria in pregnancy; HIV = Human Immunodeficiency Virus</p><p>MQ = Mefloquine; SP = Sulphadoxine-Phyrimethamine; DALY = Disability-adjusted Life Year.</p><p>*Incremental net costs are equal to Costs associated with IPTp-MQ minus Health system treatment savings</p><p>**Net incremental costs per DALY averted are equal to Incremental net costs divided by Number of DALYs averted</p><p>HIV-positive trial: Results of the cost-effectiveness analysis (per 1000 pregnant HIV-positive women).</p

Results of the threshold analysis of IPTp-MQ among HIV-negative and HIV-positive pregnant women.

<p>IPTp = Intermittent Preventive Treatment of malaria in pregnancy; HIV = Human Immunodeficiency Virus; MQ = Mefloquine; SP = Sulphadoxine-Phyrimethamine; PYAR = Person-year at risk; RR = Relative Risk. The graph depicts up to which level (threshold level) several variables can increase or decrease from their current level for the interventions to remain cost-effective.</p

HIV-negative trial: Results of cost-effectiveness analysis (per 1000 pregnant HIV-negative women).

<p>All monetary values are expressed in US$ 2012</p><p>IPTp = Intermittent Preventive Treatment of malaria in pregnancy; HIV = Human Immunodeficiency Virus</p><p>MQ = Mefloquine; SP = Sulphadoxine-Phyrimethamine; DALY = Disability-adjusted Life Year.</p><p>*Incremental net costs are equal Incremental cost minus Health system treatment savings</p><p>**Net incremental costs per DALY averted are equal Incremental net costs divided by number of DALYs averted</p><p>HIV-negative trial: Results of cost-effectiveness analysis (per 1000 pregnant HIV-negative women).</p

Cost effectiveness plane: IPTp-MQ versus IPTp-Placebo in HIV-positive pregnant women in Kenya, Mozambique and Tanzania.

<p>IPTp-MQ = Intermittent Preventive Treatment of malaria in pregnancy with Mefloquine; HIV = Human Immunodeficiency Virus; DALYs = Disability-adjusted life years. The graph plots 2,000 Monte Carlo simulations of the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) with respect to its components: health impact (X-axis) and incremental costs (Y-axis). Average simulation point, ellipse of confidence (95%) and threshold level of the ICER (240 US$/DALY averted) are also depicted.</p

Cost-effectiveness of IPTp-MQ versus IPTp-Placebo in HIV-positive pregnant women in Kenya, Mozambique and Tanzania: acceptability curve.

<p>IPTp-MQ = Intermittent Preventive Treatment of malaria in pregnancy with Mefloquine; HIV = Human Immunodeficiency Virus; DALYs = Disability-adjusted life years. The acceptability curve was constructed by plotting the cumulative distribution of the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of IPTp-MQ compared with IPTp-Placebo per DALYs averted. The Y axis is interpreted as probability that the intervention is cost-effective for every level of policy makers’ willingness to pay for each DALY averted (X axis). US$ 6.96 per DALY averted (CI95% 4.22–9.70) is the ICER resulting from the analysis.</p

Design of the Incremental economic evaluation.

<p>HIV = Human Immunodeficiency Virus; LLITNs = Long-Lasting Insecticide Treated Nets; CTX = Cotrimoxazole; IPTp = Intermittent Preventive Treatment of malaria in pregnancy; SP = Sulphadoxine-Pyrimethamine; MQ = Mefloquine. The figure shows that for both Trials the cost of LLITNs was not considered in the economic evaluation performed as women in both arms were administered with this preventative tool. The same applies for CTX in Trial on HIV-positive women. IPTp-placebo in Trial on HIV-positive women was considered as “doing nothing” option with no costs associated. Incremental net costs were calculated, which included the incremental costs of the intervention minus treatment savings due to its efficacy.</p

Input variables of the threshold and cost-effectiveness analyses of IPTp-MQ compared with IPTp-SP in HIV-negative pregnant women.

<p>All monetary values are expressed in US$ 2012</p><p>IPTp = Intermittent Preventive Treatment of malaria in pregnancy; HIV = Human Immunodeficiency Virus</p><p>MQ = Mefloquine; SP = Sulphadoxine-Phyrimethamine; PYAR = Person-year at risk; RR = Relative Risk.</p><p>α, β are the parameters of the Beta and Gamma distributions and μ, σ are the parameters of the lognormal distribution.</p><p>*Medicine for malaria venture price under negotiation and ranges given by lowest and highest Global Fund procurement prices.</p><p>**The average Global Fund procurement price for SP in Sub-Saharan Africa for the year 2012.</p><p>Input variables of the threshold and cost-effectiveness analyses of IPTp-MQ compared with IPTp-SP in HIV-negative pregnant women.</p

Flowchart of mothers and infants used in study.

<p>Flowchart of mothers and infants used in study.</p

Baseline characteristics of mothers and infants.

<p>Baseline characteristics of mothers and infants.</p