PENGARUH VARIASI SUHU KALSINASI TERHADAP PARAMETER MIKROSTRUKTUR (STURKTUR KRISTAL DAN GUGUS FUNGSI) NANOPARTIKEL TIO2 SEBAGAI KANDIDAT MATERIAL FOTOKATALISIS

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh suhu kalsinasi terhadap parameter mikrostruktur nanopartikel TiO2. Nanopartikel TiO2 masing-masing ditimbang dengan massa 1 gram dan dikalsinasi pada suhu 150 oC, 200oC, 250 oC dengan waktu 3 jam setiap suhu. Powder nanopartikel TiO2 yang telah dikalsinasi selanjutnya dikarakterisasi dengan menggunakan alat XRD untuk  mengengetahui parameter mikrostrukturnya. Kemudian, untuk mengetahui gugus fungsi nanopartikel TiO2 dapat dikarakterisasi dengan spektra Transformasi Fourier Inframerah (FTIR). Karakterisasi yang dihasilkan oleh XRD berupa pola difraksi yang menunjukan telah terbentuknya fasa TiO2 yang memiliki struktur kristal tetragonal dengan parameter kisi kristal a bernilai a= 3,782 Å - 3,784 Å  dan parameter kisi c bernilai c = 9,500 Å - 9,509 Å . Nilai tersebut mendekati nilai parameter kisi TiO2 sesuai referensi, yaitu 3,785 Aͦ  untuk a dan 9,514 Aͦ  untuk c (JCPDS 21-1272). Ukuran kristalit (t) berada pada kisaran nilai 22,99 (nm)-24,39 (nm) dan kerapatan dislokasi kristal (D) berada pada kisaran nilai 1,679 nm-2 x10-3 – 1,892 nm-2 x10-3. Sedangkan kerapatan kristal berada pada kisaran nilai yaitu 3,897gram/cm3 – 3,903 gram/cm3 dan Spektra FTIR  memberi informasi terjadinya vibrasi gugus Ti – O – Ti  berada pada interval  bilangan gelombang 505 cm-1 – 600 cm-1 dengan vibrasi stretching. Gugus fungsi Ti – O berada pada interval bilangan gelombang 610 cm-1 – 1000 cm-1 vibrasi stretching. Pada interval bilangan gelombang 1700 – 3600 cm-1 vibrasi bending. Dalam Mengoptimalkan parameter mikrostruktur sebagai material fotokatalis, bahan nanopartikel TiO2  dapat dilakukan dengan mengkontrol suhu kalsinasi

Investigation of The Distribution and Fe Content of Iron Sand at Wari Ino Beach Tobelo Using Resistivity Method with Werner-Schlumberger Configuration

This research aimed to investigate the distribution, volume, and concentration of iron sand at Wari Ino Beach Tobelo. The resistivity method with Werner-Schlumberger configuration was applied to investigate the iron sand distribution. The measurements were set-up on 3 lines that run parallel along the coast of Wari Ino Village. The length of each trajectory was 150 meters with a spacing of 10 meters for each electrode. Data acquisition was carried out by using geoelectric instruments to obtain current injection (I) and voltage (V). The analysis was carried out by using RES2DINV and ROCKWORK software to obtain 2-D and 3-D cross-section models for interpreting the distribution and volume of the iron sand. The analysis and interpretation were supported by geological data of the location. Furthermore, the Fe content was characterized by using X-Ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy (XRF). There results show that the volume of the iron sand in each trajectory was 109,355 m3; 180,254 m3; and 120,556 m3. The total volume of iron sand along the three trajectories was up to 405,335 m3. The Fe content in the form of a free element is 67.41%, 57.12%, and 73.40%. The Fe content in the form of hematite mineral (Fe2O3) was 57.92%, 45.82%, and 65.47%

The experience of individuals placed in quarantine: A systematic review, meta-summary, and meta-synthesis

Objective: To summarize the experience of individuals placed in quarantine during an outbreak. Design: A meta-summary and a meta-synthesis based upon a systematic review of qualitative studies. Sample: The Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature, MEDLINE, and Scopus databases were all searched up to April 2020. Measurements: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were followed; then, the methodological quality of the studies included was assessed with the Critical Appraisal Screening Programme tool for qualitative studies. Results: Five studies have been included documenting the experience of 125 adult individuals. A total of 16 codes emerged: in the meta-summary, the most and least frequent codes were \u201cThinking about quarantine\u201d (80%) and \u201cEmotional roller coaster,\u201d \u201cBeing alert for any symptom,\u201d \u201cTrusting or not?,\u201d \u201cKnowing who brought the infection,\u201d and \u201cLiving in a surreal world\u201d (20%). The codes which emerged were categorized into three main themes which summarized the whole experience of being placed in quarantine: (a) \u201cBeing swamped with a thousand emotions\u201d; (b) \u201cBeing restrained\u201d; and (c) \u201cNeeding to be considered.\u201d. Conclusions: The experience of quarantine for people is a long journey which can feel chaotic due to uncertainty about the consequences on health, work, and the future. The findings of this study can help nurses in caring for quarantined individuals by enabling them to understand people's need for educational and emotional support. Ensuring the supply of consistent information is also important to increase people's compliance

The \u2018Back to the Basics\u2019 movement: Return to the past or sign of a \u2018mature\u2019 nursing?

In recent times, a growing interest is emerging to re-focus the attention on basic nursing care both at the international levels with the "Fundamentals of nursing care" movement, and at the national levels. Alongside some formal position statements in the form of policies or scientific contributions, also in day-to-day experience, several nurses are debating why basic nursing care is getting out of nurses' domain, why this element of nursing care is under-recognised in its value, or why this reflects an area at risk of decreased professional engagement. Our contribution outlines some reasons for the progressive detachment of nurses from the basics of nursing care and debates on possible areas on which to invest to re-bring the Fundamentals of Nursing Care as a priority in the daily agenda of practice, education, management and research

A two-year retrospective study of the neonatal emergency transport service in Northeast Italy

Background: Some newborns require acute transport to a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) due to unpredicted or unpredictable reasons. Objective: To describe the activity of the Neonatal Emergency Transport Service (NETS) in Northeast Italy. Methods: An observational retrospective study was performed between 1 January 2018, and 31 December, 2019. Results: A total of 133 transports were collected, with a neonatal transport index of 1.4%. Infants ≤2500 grams were more frequently transferred by NETS than those in the normal group (n = 34/563, 6.0% vs. n = 99/8,437, 1.2%; p 2500 grams, there was a low incidence of a cesarean birth compared to vaginal delivery (23.2% versus 63.5%; p =.001), while the percentages were reversed in the group of infants ≤2500 grams (67.7% versus 20.6%) (p =.001). Infant stabilization time was higher in the underweight group compared to those weighed >2500 grams (31.5 versus 23.0 min; p 2500 grams. Conclusions: This study described a local reality by showing the characteristics of the neonatal transports that took place in a metropolitan area in Northeast Italy. Wider database is necessary to achieve a better knowledge in the field of perinatal outcomes