Concordancia entre especialistas. ¿Cómo podemos saber si tenemos una GT representativa para entrenar una red neuronal? Un estudio centrado en el Carcinoma Basocelular (BCC)

El cáncer de piel no melanoma más común es el carcinoma basocelular, BCC, del inglés basal cell carcinoma, con una incidencia entorno al 70% con unos criterios muy objetivos. Tener una verdad de referencia (GT, del inglés Ground Truth) adecuada es algo primordial a la hora de entrenar un modelo de Inteligencia Artificial (IA). En este estudio se pretende analizar la fiabilidad de la verdad de referencia de los patrones BCC presentes en una lesión ya que estos patrones dermatoscópicos no pueden ser validados por biopsia. Se recogieron los diagnósticos de los criterios BCC de 204 lesiones de cuatro dermatólogos distintos. Con ello se realizó un estudio de concordancia entre evaluadores haciendo uso de la Distancia de Hamming y de los coeficientes Cohen Kappa y Fleiss Kappa. De acuerdo con los valores de kappa obtenidos, se obtuvo un acuerdo moderado entre los dermatólogos 1 a 3 para los patrones Pigment Network, Ulceration y Arborizing Telangiectasia. Pero para los patrones Maple Leaf, Multiple Blue-gray Globules y Blue-gray Ovoid Nest se obtuvo un acuerdo en torno a 0.5 El acuerdo entre el dermatólogo 4 y los demás fue menor que 0.4 para todos los patrones. Esto sugiere la necesidad de emplear técnicas para inferir la verdad de referencia a partir de varios observadores o de entrenar a la red con probabilidades en lugar de con verdades absolutas.Este trabajo ha sido realizado gracias a la financiación obtenida mediante los siguientes proyectos e instituciones: Proyectos de Generación de Conocimiento 2021 del Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (PID2021-127871OB- I00) y Proyecto de Excelencia de la Junta de Andalucía en el ámbito del Plan Andaluz de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación PAIDI 2021 (PROYEXCEL_00889)

Objectively measured and self-reported leisure-time sedentary behavior and academic performance in youth: The UP&DOWN Study

The objective of this study was to examine the associations of objectively measured and self-reported sedentary behavior during leisure time with academic performance and patterns of sedentary behavior with academic performance. This study was conducted with 1146 youth aged 12.5 ± 2.5 years in Spain during 2011–2012. Leisure-time sedentary behavior during out-of-school hours was assessed by accelerometry and self-report. Academic performance was assessed through school grades.Evaluación de la interacción entre genética y actividad física en el estado físico y la salud en escolares y adolescentes con Síndrome de Down: estudio de seguimiento a tres años Plan Nacional de I+D+i. Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (Ref. DEP2010-21662-C04-02).2.893 JCR (2015) Q1, 24/151 Medicine, general & internal, 34/172 Public, environmental & occupational healthUE

Perceived environment in relation to objective and self-reported physical activity in Spanish youth. The UP&DOWN study

The aims of the present study were to assess the association of environmental perception with objective and self-reported physical activity (PA) and the relation between environmental perception and meeting PA recommendations on children and adolescents. A sample of 1520 youth (770 boys) aged 8-18 years (12.1 ± 2.5 years) from the UP&DOWN study were included in the data analyses. Environmental perception was assessed with the short adapted version of the ALPHA environmental questionnaire. PA was objectively (accelerometers) and self-reported measured (PA Questionnaire for Children, Patient-centered Assessment and Counseling for Exercise Questionnaire and Finnish PA Index). Linear regression models were used to assess the association of environmental perception with PA. Bivariate logistic regression models were used to assess differences between environmental perception and meeting PA recommendations. Environmental perception was positively associated with both objective and self-reported PA. Some differences were found in the association of environmental perception and PA between sex-and age-specific groups. Youth who perceived a more favourable environment were more likely to meet PA recommendations (at least 60 min · day− 1 of moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA)). Results suggest that environmental perceptions of children and adolescents may play an important role in achieving higher levels of PA.Plan Nacional de I+D+I MICINN (DEP 2010-21662-C04- 00)2.539 JCR (2016) Q2, 17/81 Sport Sciences1.280 SJR (2016) Q1, 31/280 Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, 18/195 Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, 29/127 Sports ScienceNo data IDR 2016UE

Cardiorespiratory fitness cutoff points for early detection of present and future cardiovascular risk in children: A 2-year follow-up study

On behalf of the UP&DOWN Study Group.[Objective]: To examine the association between cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) at baseline and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in 6- to 10-year-olds (cross-sectional) and 2 years later (8- to 12-year-olds [longitudinal]) and whether changes with age in CRF are associated with CVD risk in children aged 8 to 12 years. [Patients and Methods]: Spanish primary schoolchildren (n=236) aged 6 to 10 years participated at baseline. Of the 23 participating primary schools, 22% (n=5) were private schools and 78% (n=18) were public schools. The dropout rate at 2-year follow-up was 9.7% (n=23). The 20-m shuttle run test was used to estimate CRF. The CVD risk score was computed as the mean of 5 CVD risk factor standardized scores: sum of 2 skinfolds, systolic blood pressure, insulin/glucose, triglycerides, and total cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. [Results]: At baseline, CRF was inversely associated with single CVD risk factors (all P0.85; P<.001) and to predict CVD risk 2 years later (P=.004). Persistent low CRF or the decline of CRF from 6-10 to 8-12 years of age is associated with increased CVD risk at age 8 to 12 years (P<.001). [Conclusion]: During childhood, CRF is a strong predictor of CVD risk and should be monitored to identify children with potential CVD risk.This work was supported by grant DEP 2010-21662-C04-00 (DEP 2010-21662-C04-01: DEP 2010-21662-C04-02: DEP 2010-21662-C04-03: DEP 2010-21662-C04-04) from the National Plan for Research: Development and Innovation (R+D+i) MICINN and by grant FPU15/05337 from the Spanish Ministry of Education.Peer Reviewe