Uncoordinated vs Coordinated Charging of Electric Vehicles in Distribution Systems Performance

International audience—Now a days, Electric Vehicle (EV) integration to the distribution system is gradually increasing and is hitting with much power quality issues. This paper investigates the impacts of EVs integration into the distribution systems and highlights possible detrimental operational performance such as feeders and transformers overloading, lower voltage profiles, higher system losses and operational cost. EV integration is realized with two charging schemes; coordinated and uncoordinated for two EV penetration levels; 30% and 100%. A benchmark (RBTS) test system, and a real distribution network in Egypt (ShC-D8) are modeled. Each test system includes its own daily load and cost variations model. Simulations are performed to investigate the influence of EVs penetration and coordination on voltage profile, feeders and transformers loading, system losses, operational cost, voltage profile, and the daily load curves. Simulation results show that: the EVs penetration levels have a major effects on system performance, uncoordinated charging result in a negative impacts on system performance, and coordinate charging mitigate that negative impacts. Keywords—Electric Vehicles (EVs); coordinated and uncoordinated charging, operation cost; charging cost; voltage profile; system losses; daily load curve and cost variations

Electric Vehicle-to-Home Concept Including Home Energy Management

International audienceIn near future, Electric Vehicles (EVs) will replace conventional vehicles which provides both challenges and opportunities and this represents an important research area. Although EV increases the grid loading, it can also serve as the potential storage to facilitate the demand response. In this paper, a new energy control strategy has to be developed to consider the home-to-vehicle (H2V) and vehicle-to-home (V2H) capabilities including home energy management (HEM). The proposed algorithm is developed load management in residential sector which can automatically shift the operational time of the non-critical power intensive loads from peak demand periods to off-peak periods, while assuring the consumer comfort levels. The considered residential power intensive loads are air conditioner (AC), water heater (WH), clothes dryer (CD), and electric vehicle (EV). The main objectives of this work are to minimize the total cost and minimize the peak load considering a coordinated/uncoordinated charging for H2V and discharging for V2H. Simulation results show our proposed scheme can not only minimize the cost but also minimize the peak load and maximize the load factor of household daily load

Analytical Method for Directional over Current Relays Coordination in Micro Grids

Microgrids are consisting of interconnected loads and distributed generators which can operate with and without utility. The significant implementation of microgrids challenged the protection engineers especially in designing protection microgrid schemes. This challenge comes from the bi-directional fault current variation and the dynamic behavior of microgrids. The implementation of artificial intelligent (AI) techniques for coordinating the directional overcurrent relays (DOCRs) in Microgrids (MGs) is a promising solution. However, all the (AI) techniques estimate the solutions and achieve the objective function after an extensive number of iterations. This paperwork proposes an analytical method for solving the coordination of (DOC) relays in meshed Microgrids which operates in grid connected mode. The proposed analytical method needs a lesser simulation time than the (AI)techniques to find the proper settings for the coordinated directional overcurrent relays (DOCRs). A file code is written using MATLAB software to implement and test this methodology.</jats:p