A Human Body Mathematical Model Biometric Using Golden Ratio: A New Algorithm

This research provides more than 35 measurements rules derived from the perspectives of Vitruvian Man and Neufert and their basis of the golden proportion, to build a human body model on computers for the use of multimedia. The measurements are based on 25 proportional rules derived from 15 proportions given by Vitruvian Man and 29 golden proportions in Bauentwurfslehre by Ernst Neufert. Furthermore, the research will suggest two algorithms to calculate the 67 measurements with precision; assuming that the algorithms output will be used as guideline to human body modelers in simulation, gaming, plastic surgery, as well as the world of biometrics or wherever human body measurements and calculations is needed like prosthetic limbs, spatial design, and machine learning of human biometrics. Furthermore, building proportional models creates visual harmony in measurements and visual parity model. Hence, the chapter facilitates and explains for the human modeler the process of human modeling from within an algorithm. This research is an expanded work based on two published conference papers listed in the references section

A Deterministic Algorithm for Arabic Character Recognition Based on Letter Properties

Handheld devices are flooding the market, and their use is becoming essential among people. Hence, the need for fast and accurate character recognition methods that ease the data entry process for users arises. There are many methods developed for handwriting character recognition especially for Latin-based languages. On the other hand, character recognition methods for Arabic language are lacking and rare. The Arabic language has many traits that differentiate it from other languages: first, the writing process is from right to left; second, the letter changes shape according to the position in the work; and third, the writing is cursive. Such traits compel to produce a special character recognition method that helps in producing applications for Arabic language. This research proposes a deterministic algorithm that recognizes Arabic alphabet letters. The algorithm is based on four categorizations of Arabic alphabet letters. Then, the research suggested a deterministic algorithm composed of 34 rules that can predict the character based on the use of all of categorizations as attributes assembled in a matrix for this purpose

Cyber Security Body of Knowledge and Curricula Development

The cyber world is an ever-changing world and cyber security is most important and touches the lives of everyone on the cyber world including researchers, students, businesses, academia, and novice user. The chapter suggests a body of knowledge that incorporates the view of academia as well as practitioners. This research attempts to put basic step and a framework for cyber security body of knowledge and to allow practitioners and academicians to face the problem of lack of standardization. Furthermore, the chapter attempts to bridge the gap between the different audiences. The gap is so broad that the term of cyber security is not agreed upon even in spelling. The suggested body of knowledge may not be perfect, yet it is a step forward

5G Road Map to Communication Revolution

The goal of this chapter is to give researchers, practitioners, and students a pedestal to get a comprehensive look at the new technology of communication named 5G. The chapter will present an introduction that shows the importance of 5G to the different uses of the Internet. Then, the chapter will present two essential aspects: (1) 5G research in academia and real world and (2) timeline of Gs. Then, the chapter will discuss three aspects of 5G which are, namely, (1) Regulations, (2) security, and (3) the 5 enabling Technologies. Then, the chapter will discuss the real-life case of South Korea mobile carrier

Depression and anxiety in social media: Jordan case study

The expression "social media" refers to a software-based platform developed for users’ benefit. People use it to gain social power, market their products, conduct online business, and share information and ideas. This digital ecosystem has become helpful in various ways, but research indicates that it does not come for free. Addiction, depression, and anxiety are some of the adverse conditions discussed in many studies. The purpose of this study is to mark if there is a relationship between using social media networks and the numbering of people with anxiety or depression. Also, by addressing the need to learn more about what makes people use social networks and how that use affects anxiety and depression in Arabic-speaking users in Jordan, we can help people from different cultures understand each other better. This research uses TAM, telepresence, and survey data from 1050 people, mainly from Jordan. The research looks at how the usage of social media is related to supposed usefulness, supposed ease of use, trust, social influence, age, gender, level of education, marital status, the time spent on the internet, preferred social media network, and perceived usefulness of SNS. AMOS 20 methods of confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), structural equation modeling (SEM), and machine learning (ML), such as SMO, ANN, random forest, and the bagging reduced error pruning tree (RepTree), were used to test the proposed model hypotheses. According to the results, the researchers found high correlations between social network usage and depression and anxiety. The use of social networking sites is also affected by how useful they are seen to be, how easy they are to use, trust, social influence, and telepresence. Also, the moderator's age, gender, level of education, marital status, amount of time spent on the internet, experience with the internet, and favorite social networks all affect how they plan to use social networks

Evaluating the influence of security considerations on information dissemination via social networks

This study investigates the factors that influence the sharing of information on social media platforms and examines the effects of perceived security, perceived privacy, and user awareness on users' trust in social media platforms, as well as the moderating effects of age, gender, educational attainment, and internet proficiency on information sharing. The study collected data from 837 social media users in Jordan and analyzed them using structural equation modeling (SEM), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and machine learning (ML) methods. The findings of the study indicate that perceived security, perceived privacy, and user awareness all have a significant impact on users' trust in social media platforms. Trust, in turn, has a significant impact on the amount of information shared on these platforms. Also, the findings of this study provide valuable insights into the dynamics of information sharing on social networks. This knowledge will be of interest to managers, policymakers, and developers of social media platforms. In addition, the findings of the study also have implications for the privacy and security of social media users. For example, social media users can be more careful about the information they share on social media platforms, and they can take steps to protect their privacy

Exploring emergent properties in cellular homeostasis using OnGuard to model K+ and other ion transport in guard cells

It is widely recognized that the nature and characteristics of transport across eukaryotic membranes are so complex as to defy intuitive understanding. In these circumstances, quantitative mathematical modeling is an essential tool, both to integrate detailed knowledge of individual transporters and to extract the properties emergent from their interactions. As the first, fully integrated and quantitative modeling environment for the study of ion transport dynamics in a plant cell, OnGuard offers a unique tool for exploring homeostatic properties emerging from the interactions of ion transport, both at the plasma membrane and tonoplast in the guard cell. OnGuard has already yielded detail sufficient to guide phenotypic and mutational studies, and it represents a key step toward ‘reverse engineering’ of stomatal guard cell physiology, based on rational design and testing in simulation, to improve water use efficiency and carbon assimilation. Its construction from the HoTSig libraries enables translation of the software to other cell types, including growing root hairs and pollen. The problems inherent to transport are nonetheless challenging, and are compounded for those unfamiliar with conceptual ‘mindset’ of the modeler. Here we set out guidelines for the use of OnGuard and outline a standardized approach that will enable users to advance quickly to its application both in the classroom and laboratory. We also highlight the uncanny and emergent property of OnGuard models to reproduce the ‘communication’ evident between the plasma membrane and tonoplast of the guard cell

Continued Intention to Use of M-Banking in Jordan by Integrating UTAUT, TPB, TAM and Service Quality with ML

Mobile banking is a service provided by a bank that allows full remote control of customers’ financial data and transactions with a variety of options to serve their needs. With m-banking, the banks can cut down on operational costs whilst maintaining client satisfaction. This research examined the most crucial factors that could predict the Jordanian customer’s continued intention toward the use of m-banking. Following the proposed model, the research was conducted by using a self-conducted questionnaire and the responses were collected electronically from a convenience sample of 403 Jordanian customers of m-banking through social networks. The suggested model was adapted from the theory of planned behavior (TPB), the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT), and the technology acceptance model (TAM). The research model was further expanded by considering the factors of service quality and moderating factors (age, gender, educational level, and Internet experience). The collected data of customers were analyzed, validated, and verified by using a structural equation modeling (SME) approach including a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), in addition to machine learning (ML) methods, artificial neural network (ANN), support vector machine (SMO), bagging reduced error pruning tree (RepTree), and random forest. Results showed that effort expectancy, performance expectancy, perceived risk, perceived trust, social influence, and service quality impacted behavioral intention, whereas facilitating conditions did not. Furthermore, behavioral intention impacted upon word of mouth and facilitating conditions (the latter regarding the continued intention to use m-banking), and had the highest coefficient value. Results also confirmed that all moderating factors affect the behavioral intention to continue using m-banking applications

Factors Influencing Students’ Intention to Use E-Textbooks and Their Impact on Academic Achievement in Bilingual Environment: An Empirical Study Jordan

E-textbooks are becoming increasingly important in the learning and teaching environments as the globe shifts to online learning. The key topic is what elements influence students’ behavioral desire to use e-textbooks, and how the whole operation affects academic achievement when using e-textbooks. This research aims to investigate the various factors that influence the behavioral intention to use an e-textbook, which in turn influences academic achievement in a bilingual academic environment. The research model was empirically validated using survey data from 625 e-textbook users from bilingual academic institutes from Jordan. Structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis was employed to test the research hypotheses by using Amos 20. To validate the results, artificial intelligence (AI) was employed via five machine learning (ML) techniques: artificial neural network (ANN), linear regression, and sequential minimal optimization algorithm for support vector machine (SMO), bagging with REFTree model, and random forest. The empirical results offer several key findings. First, the behavioral intention of using an e-textbook positively influences academic achievement. Second, attitude toward e-textbooks, subjective norms toward e-textbooks, and perceived behavior control toward e-textbooks positively influence behavioral intention toward using e-textbooks. Attitude toward using e-textbooks and perceived behavioral control both are positively influenced by independent factors. This study contributes to the literature by theorizing and empirically testing the impacts of e-textbooks on the academic achievement of university students in a bilingual environment in Jordan