Methyl 2-({6-[(1-meth­oxy-2-methyl-1-oxopropan-2-yl)carbamo­yl]pyridin-2-yl}formamido)-2-methyl­propano­ate

In the title compound, C17H23N3O6, the two meth­oxy­carbonyl C—O—C=O planes are inclined at dihedral angles of 5.3 (4) and 83.9 (4)° with respect to the central pyridine ring. An intra­molecular N—H⋯O hydrogen bond generates an S(5) ring motif. In the crystal, mol­ecules are linked into a chain along the c axis via C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds

Novi steroidni derivati sintetizirani iz 3betha-hidroksiandrosten-17-ona

In this study, we synthesized some new substituted steroidal derivatives using 3betha-hydroxyandrosten-17-one (dehydroepiandrosterone) as starting material. The synthesized steroidal derivatives 1-11 were evaluated for their androgenic-anabolic activities compared to testosterone as positive control. Details of the synthesis, spectroscopic data and toxicity (LD50) of synthesized compounds are reported.U radu je opisana sinteza novih steroidnih derivata 1-11 koristeći 3betha-hidroksiandrosten-17-on (dehidroepiandrosteron) kao početnu supstanciju. Androgeno-anaboličko djelovanje tih spojeva uspoređivano je s djelovanjem testosterona kao pozitivnom kontrolom. Navode se detaljni sintetski postupci, spektroskopska karakterizacija i podaci o toksičnosti (LD50)

Electroprotation measurements on axolotl embryos

Bibliography: p. 52-60

Synthesis of Some New Pyridine-2,6-carboxamide-derived Schiff Bases as Potential Antimicrobial Agents

A series of pyridine-bridged 2,6-bis-carboxamide Schiff's bases has been prepared starting from 2,6-pyridinedicarbonyl dichloride (1) and L-alanine or 2-methyl-alanine methyl ester.The coupling of acid chloride 1 with L-alanine methyl ester hydrochloride -or 2-methylalanine methyl ester hydrochloride gave the corresponding 2,6-bis-carboxamide pyridine methyl esters 2a,b.Hydrazonolysis of 2 with hydrazine hydrate afforded the corresponding bis-hydrazides 3a,b. Treatment of 3a,b with appropriate aromatic or heterocyclic aldehydes afforded the corresponding pyridine- bridged 2,6-bis-carboxamide Schiff's bases 4a-f and 5a-f, respectively. The newly synthesized compounds 2-5 were screened for their bactericidal and fungicidal activities. Many of the obtained compounds exhibited significant antimicrobial activity, comparable to streptomycin and fusidic acid, which were used as reference antibiotic drugs

A case report of an XX male with complete masculinization but absence of the SRY gene

A 34-year old man with complete masculinization and a history of several years of infertility was referred to us for genetic reviewing. His semen analysis showed azoospermia. Conventional chromosomal analysis indicates a 46,XX karyotype, molecular analyses excluded the presence of SRY (the sex-determining region of the Y chromosome) gene. This case is one of the rare cases reported in the literature in whom testicular differentiation and complete virilization were found in a 46,XX chromosomal constitution, with the absence of SRY gene. This finding suggests that other genes downstream from SRY play an important role in sex determination. Through reporting this rare case and reviewing previous literatures, the aim of this report is to highlight the value of genetically screening all males with azoospermia who present for evaluation of infertility, since the phenotype does not always correlate with the genotype

Synthesis and Biological Activities of Some New (Nα-Dinicotinoyl)- bis-L-Leucyl Linear and Macrocyclic Peptides

A series of linear and macrocyclic peptides 3–12 were synthesized using 3,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid (1) as starting material and screened for their antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities. Bis-ester 3 was prepared from 1 and L-leucine methyl ester. Hydrazinolysis and hydrolysis of dipeptide methyl ester 3 with hydrazine hydrate or 1 N sodium hydroxide afforded compounds 4 and 5, respectively. Cyclization of the dipeptide 5 with L-lysine methyl ester afforded cyclic pentapeptide ester 6. Compounds 7–9 were synthesized by reacting hydrazide 4 with phthalic anhydride, 1,8-naphthalene anhydride or acetophenone derivatives. Treatment of acid hydrazide 4 with aromatic aldehydes or tetraacid dianhydrides afforded the corresponding bis-dipeptide hydrazones 10a–e and macrocyclic peptides 11 and 12, respectively. The structures of newly synthesized compounds were confirmed by IR, 1H-NMR, MS spectral data and elemental analysis. The detailed synthesis, spectroscopic data, biological and pharmacological activities of the synthesized compounds was reported

BRCA mutations: screening for germ-line founder mutations among early-onset Syrian breast cancer patients

Abstract Background Breast cancer (BC) is the most common female cancers in many countries including Syria. Familial breast cancer or previous family cancer history are considered significant risk factors. Therefore, detecting the prevalence and founder mutations in the population facilitates genetic counselling, risk assessment and the development of a cost-effective screening strategy. In this study, we investigated the three germ-line founder mutations in the BRCA1/2 genes: [NM_007294.4 (BRCA1):c.68_69del (p.Glu23fs), NM_007294.4 (BRCA1):c.5266dup (p.Gln1756fs) and NM_000059.4 (BRCA2):c.5946del (p.Ser1982fs)], to examine their incidence and frequency in early-onset breast cancer cases and determine if they are connected to familial breast cancer. One hundred early diagnosed BC females (≤ 40 years old) with no other type of cancer were recruited. Genomic DNA was isolated from peripheral blood samples, and mutations were investigated using the Amplification-Created Restriction Site (ACRS) method. Results The family history of cancer was observed in 61% of the cases, of which 35% were breast cancer; however, none of the screened mutations were detected among BC patients. Conclusions The investigated germ-line mutations were not common among Syrian female patients with early-onset BC and were not associated with familial BC. Other mutations in the BRCA1/2 genes or other genes may have a contributing role. Future studies and the need to launch nationwide mutation screening tests for BRCA 1/BRCA2 in the Syrian population are recommended

Caspases, DNA fragmentation, and oxidative stress: implications for the pathogenesis of preeclamsia and relationship with the maternal risk factors and perinatal outcome

No Abstract. The Egyptian Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Vol. 23(2) 2005: 105-12