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Synthesis and reactions of 3-aminotetrachloroquinazolin-2,4-dione

N-phenylsulphonyloxytetrachlorophthalimide was obtained by treatment of N-hydroxy tetrachlorophthalimide with benzenesulphonyl chloride. Also, the titled compound 3 was obtained by reaction of compound 2 with hydrazine hydrate via Lossen rearrangement. Compound 3 used as starting material for the synthesis of new pyrimidine and quinazolinedione derivatives containing four chlorine atoms which have pharmacological activity

Fecal Lactoferrin As A Diagnostic and Prognostic Marker in Egyptian IBD Patients

Background: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are organic chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract characterized by variable disease activity with repeated periods of remission and exacerbation. Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is prevalent in up to fifth of population; diarrhea type has the broadest differential diagnosis. To distinguish inflammatory versus functional disorder fecal biomarkers as fecal lactoferrin (FL), being non-invasive acute phase proteins produced by inflamed mucosa, can help to avoid invasive procedures. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess sensitivity and specificity of fecal lactoferrin as a non-invasive biomarker in Egyptian patients with IBD and to detect its role in assessment of disease severity. Patients and methods: This comparative case control study was held through one year duration. Patients were recruited from Internal Medicine and Hepatology Department at a University Hospital. 50 subjects were classified into 3 groups: Group I included 30 patients with inflammatory bowel disease, Group II included 10 patients with irritable bowel syndrome, Group III included 10 healthy subjects as control group. Results: fecal lactoferrin assay (FLA) levels were highest in patients with IBD in comparison with IBS patients and healthy group. Moreover FLA levels also correlated significantly with disease severity in patients with IBD as higher levels of FLA were found in patients with severe ulcerative colitis (UC) or Crohn`s disease. Conclusion: Fecal lactoferrin can be used to differentiate IBD from IBS with 96.7% sensitivity and 100% specificity at cutoff value of 37 ug/ml while at cutoff value 7.2 ug/ml FLA has 100% sensitivity and specificity in differentiating IBD patients from healthy subjects in Egyptian population. Yet it can’t differentiate ulcerative colitis versus Crohn’s disease

Utility of (2,4-dioxo-1,4-dihydro-2H-quinazolin-3-yl)-acetic acid hydrazide in the synthesis of some heterocyclic nitrogen compounds

An efficient synthesis of (2,4-dioxo-1,4-dihydro-2H-quinazolin-3-yl)-acetic acid hydrazide (3) has been achieved and described. The obtained hydrazide (3) was used in building of some interesting heterocycles such as, triazole, oxadiazole, pyrazole, phthalazine, and indol-2-one rings at position 3. The structures of the obtained compounds were confirmed by IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, MS spectral and elemental analysis

Vinorelbine plus platinum compared to vinorelbine plus capecitabine in treatment of patients with metastatic triple negative breast cancer previously treated with anthracycline and taxane: a prospective randomized study

Introduction. This study aims to investigate the efficacy and tolerability of the vinorelbine-based combination chemotherapy with either cisplatin or capecitabine in metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (mTNBC) pretreated with anthracycline and taxane.  Material and methods. This is an open-labeled randomized prospective single-institute study, that included all patients who received chemotherapy for mTNBC in the period between 1st of July 2016 and 30th of June 2017 and were pretreated with anthracycline and taxane. Patients were randomized to either vinorelbine 25 mg/m2 I.V on days 1 and 8 plus oral capecitabine 1000 mg/m2 twice daily, on days 1–14 (NX); or vinorelbine 25 mg/m2 I.V on days 1 and 8 plus cisplatin 75 mg/m2 (NP), every 21 days. The primary endpoint was time to progression (TTP), whereas the secondary endpoints were objective response rate (ORR), safety, and overall survival (OS).  Results. Median TTP was 9.9 months with NP vs. 8 months with NX, (p = 0.22). ORR was 40% with NP vs. 36% with NX, (p = 0.77). Median OS was 13 months with NP vs. 13.2 months with NX (p = 0.599). Both regimens demonstrated similar rates of grade ≥ 3 vomiting and neutropenia. A higher incidence of thrombocytopenia, tinnitus, and kidney function alteration were reported with NP. A higher incidence of anorexia, diarrhea, mucositis, and hand-foot syndrome were reported with NX.  Conclusions. Vinorelbine-based combination chemotherapy regimens with either cisplatin or capecitabine are active in the treatment of mTNBC pretreated with anthracycline and taxane with manageable toxicity profiles. Both regimens have comparable TTP, ORR, OS, and safety profiles

Innovative platforms for oral microencapsulation formulation and drug analytical techniques for anti-diabetics

This thesis is divided into two main sections. The first section is about developing of silicon-based pharmaceutical platform that was used to encapsulate an anti-diabetic agent (metformin). These developed microcapsules were then characterised in terms of drug content, encapsulation efficiency, flow properties and microscopical examination. The second section is about development and validation of a new HPLC analytical method for the detection and quantification of metformin and two other anti-diabetic agents that belong to sulfonylureas

The World Sugar Economy

This paper is designed to describe and analyze the recent operation of the world sugar economy under what we call protection or control policy. The analysis is also extended to study the effect Of the removal of protectionist policy on world sugar supply, demand and price

Micro-Satellite Structure Fracture Investigation techniques

Mounting accuracy of satellite payload and ADCS (attitude determination and control subsystem) seats is one of the requirements to achieve the satellite mission with satisfactory performance. Deviation of the position of the mounting seat for Multi-Band-Earth-Imager (MBEI) is caused by cracks in the plate of the basis unit and bracket for attachment of MBEI. These cracks were detected during inspection of the satellite strength mock-up after vibration testing for air transportation phase. Most probable reason of the cracking is fatigue damage as strength mock-up structure was subjected to prolonged vibration loading during various loading cases. Total vibration duration during testing is about 56 hours. In order to study the cracking reasons, finite element modeling of the structural parts of the basis unit including MBEI bracket and instrument MBEI is subjected to harmonic response to simulate vibration loading for the case of air transportation. Numerical results are compared with the experimental ones, and mechanical design of the basis-plate unit is modified. ©2009 IEEE

Effect of intradialytic exercise on bone profile in hemodialysis patients

Abstract Background Chronic kidney disease increases the risk of fractures and altered bone and mineral metabolism. Exercise training could be a non-pharmacological therapeutic intervention. The aim of this work is to evaluate the effect of intradialytic exercise training on bone markers in hemodialysis (HD) patients. Results Forty adult patients on regular HD participated in the study. Twenty of which completed 3 months supervised intradialytic cycling exercise program and 20 served as controls. At baseline, there was no difference between both groups regarding age, sex, physical performance, and laboratory studies performed. After 3 months, the exercise group showed significant improvement in short performance battery test (SPBT) total score (P<0.001) associated with significant decrease in serum parathormone (PTH) (P=0.01) and increase in serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and bone specific alkaline phosphatase (BALP) (P<0.05 and P<0.001 respectively). Controls did not show similar change in SPBT or laboratory studies. There was no significant change in serum calcium or phosphorus in both groups. A significant positive correlation was observed between SPBT scores post-exercise and both BALP and ALP levels (r=0.432, P=0.01 and r=0.645, P<0.01 respectively). Also, an inverse relation was observed between SPBT and PTH (r=−0.503, P=0.01). Conclusion Intradialytic cycling exercise program resulted in significant increase in physical performance associated with decrease in serum PTH and increase in BALP and ALP in HD patients. This indicates the positive influence of exercise not only on physical performance in dialysis patients but also on bone metabolism