Low cycle fatigue behaviour of AISI 308 stainless steel weld metal

Dissimilar metal welds (DMW) are widely employed to meet various fabrication requirements in the integrated structures. In advanced heavy water reactors (AHWR), main heat transport (MHT) piping system is made of austenitic stainless steels (SS) and the later part of the piping is often made of carbon steels mainly to reduce the overall cost of the structure. These two metals (austenitic and carbon steels) are joined by DMW using SS 308 electrode. The operating temperature of this structure varies from 25-285 °C. This fluctuation in temperature causes thermally induced elastic-plastic strain reversals. In the present investigation an attempt has been made to study the low cycle fatigue (LCF) behaviour of AISI 308 stainless steel weld metal. All LCF tests were conducted at ambient condition following the ASTM standard E-606[1]. These tests were conducted at strain amplitudes of 0.5%, 0.7%, 1.0%, 1.2% and 1.5% under fully reversed cycles (R=-1). Various approaches such as (i) strain, (ii) energy, (iii) cyclic stress-strain curve (CSSC) and (iv) master curve have been employed in this investigation[2]. Walker and Smith Watson Topper (SWT) life estimation models have also been attempted in the present study[3]. The experimental results indicate pronounced Bauschinger effect, softening during lower strain amplitudes and Non Masing behaviour. Comparison of cyclic stressstrain curve (CSSC) and monotonic stress strain curve (MSSC) shows complex hardening-softening behaviour. It is also known that plastic strain (Δεp) is the predominant cause of energy dissipation during low cycle fatigue[4]. The plastic strain energy calculated from the experimental data and estimated using constitutive equation follows linear relationship with strain amplitude. This however remains constant when plotted as a function of number of cycles to failure. The observations exhibit that Walker and SWT fatigue life prediction models hold well in predicting fatigue life of the present material

Navigating the Paradox of IT Novelty and Strategic Conformity: The Moderating Role of Industry Dynamism

Although achieving strategic distinctiveness is critical for firms in dynamic industries, where the competitive landscape and market conditions frequently change, there is a paucity of research on the impact of information technology (IT) on a firm’s strategic conformity (or distinctiveness). Motivated by the importance of strategic conformity and emergence of novel technologies, we draw on institutional theory and hypothesize that IT Novelty positively impacts strategic conformity. Second, drawing on resource-based view, we hypothesize that market dynamism and competitive dynamism negatively moderate the effect of IT Novelty on strategic conformity. Third, we hypothesize that the moderating impact is stronger for market dynamism than competitive dynamism. We find support for our hypotheses using a fifteen-year dataset from over 300 U.S. manufacturing firms. Our study contributes to theory and managerial practice by combining institutional and resource-based view perspectives to examine how IT Novelty shapes a firm’s strategic conformity, particularly in dynamic industry conditions

Do joint national committee VII criteria also need to take non pharmacological measures into consideration? evidence from slum resettlement colony

Abstract Background: Currently Joint National Committee (JNC) VII criteria are used worldwide to d hypertension but it does not take non pharmacological measures into consideration. Also, it does not consider Indian system of medicine. Objectives: To assess whether JNC or revision is required especially for Indian communities where such practices are prevalent. Material and methods: The present community based cross Nagri, a slum resettlement of East Delhi which comes u

Medicine and surgery residents\u27 perspectives on the impact of COVID-19 on graduate medical education.

The COVID-19 crisis has had an unprecedented impact on resident education and well-being: social distancing guidelines have limited patient volumes and forced virtual learning, while personal protective equipment (PPE) shortages, school/daycare closures, and visa restrictions have served as additional stressors. Our study aimed to analyze the effects of COVID-19 crisis-related stressors on residents\u27 professional and personal lives. In April 2020, we administered a survey to residents at a large academic hospital system in order to assess the impact of the pandemic on residency training after \u3e6 weeks of a modified schedule. The primary outcome was to determine which factors or resident characteristics were related to stress during the pandemic. Our secondary goals were to examine which resident characteristics were related to survey responses. Data were analyzed with regression analyses. Ninety-six of 205 residents completed the survey (47% response rate). For our primary outcome, anxiety about PP

Chemically stabilized epitaxial wurtzite-BN thin film

We report on the chemically stabilized epitaxial w-BN thin film grown on c-plane sapphire by pulsed laser deposition under slow kinetic condition. Traces of no other allotropes such as cubic (c) or hexagonal (h) BN phases are present. Sapphire substrate plays a significant role in stabilizing the metastable w-BN from h-BN target under unusual PLD growth condition involving low temperature and pressure and is explained based on density functional theory calculation. The hardness and the elastic modulus of the w-BN film are 37 & 339 GPa, respectively measured by indentation along direction. The results are extremely promising in advancing the microelectronic and mechanical tooling industry

In silico interaction of Berberine with some immunomodulatory targets: A docking analysis

Plant, mineral, and animal products have been utilized as medications from the beginning of time to cure a variety of ailments. Use of medicinal herbs to modulate immune function has a rich history. Natural products serve as the foundation for contemporary pharmaceutical ingredients. Immunomodulation alters an individual's immune system by interfering with its normal processes. Immunomodulators derived from natural sources have been extensively studied in order to modify the immune system and prevent illness. Berberine is an alkaloid has been identified for its anti-inflammatory properties. In animal studies, Berberine was found to demonstrate analgesic properties. The current work is aimed to explore the in silico interactions of Berberine with various chemokines and inflammatory pathways. Berberine was docked with TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and NOs in this investigation. Docking study demonstrated notable interactions with these targets. The present research provides insight into the development of new compounds for immunomodulation and the management of inflammatory illnesses. More research on Berberine and related flavonoids is necessary to assess its safety. As a result, Berberine can be regarded as a candidate for the advancement of an immunomodulatory agent

Isolation and therapeutic efficacy of enteropathogenic E. coli phage cocktail against colibacillosis in neonatal goats

Phage based therapeutics have shown promising results against the infections caused by the drug resistant bacteria. To combat the problem of antibiotic resistance posed by diarrhoeagenic E. coli, here, we identified and characterized 38 E. coli phages which were isolated from 70 solid sources (goat-faeces and soil). The in vitro lytic range of phage isolates (n=38) against 439 isolates of E. coli was found between 16 and 53%. Three phage isolates with highest host range showed lytic efficacy against 53, 48 and 46% of E. coli isolates, respectively. A preparation with above three phages was developed, and the phages of the preparation were found stable at wide range of temperature, pH and chloroform treatment. Endotoxin content of the preparation was found below the threshold level and it also passed safety and sterility tests. a total of 40 diarrheic goat kids were administered orally with the therapeutic phage preparation for two days twice daily. Total 21 diarrheic goat-kids were successfully treated using the therapeutic phage preparation, whereas 19 kids could not be treated (success rate: 52.5%; 21/40). The results of the current study provide insight for using lytic bacteriophages for therapeutic interventions against drug resistant E. coli responsible for colibacillosis in neonatal goat kid