Design of a High-Performance High-Pass Generalized Integrator Based Single-Phase PLL

Grid-interactive power converters are normally synchronized to the grid using phase-locked loops (PLLs). The performance of the PLLs is affected by the non-ideal conditions in the sensed grid voltage such as harmonics, frequency deviations and dc offsets in single-phase systems. In this paper, a single-phase PLL is presented to mitigate the effects of these non-idealities. This PLL is based on the popular second order generalized integrator (SOGI) structure. The SOGI structure is modified to eliminate of the effects of input dc offsets. The resulting SOGI structure has a high-pass filtering property. Hence, this PLL is termed as high-pass generalized integrator based PLL (HGI-PLL). It has fixed parameters which reduces the implementation complexity and aids in the implementation in low-end digital controllers. The HGI-PLL is shown to have least resource utilization among the SOGI based PLLs with dc cancelling capability. Systematic design methods are evolved leading to the design that limits the unit vector THD to within 1% for given non-ideal input conditions in terms of frequency deviation and harmonic distortion. The proposed designs achieve the fastest transient response. The performance of this PLL has been verified experimentally. The results are found to agree with the theoretical prediction.Comment: 22 pages, 13 figures and 2 table

Descriptive study of outcome of antibiotic cement-impregnated intramedullary nail in treatment of infected non-union of weight bearing long bones

Background: Infected non-union of tibia and femur is a debilitating disorder for patient as well as challenging task for treating surgeon. Conventionally treatment of infected non-union is a two staged procedure. But antibiotic cement-impregnated intramedullary nailing (ACIINs) is a single staged and cost-effective procedure. Hence we intended to study the outcome of ACIIN use in infected non-union of tibia and femur.Methods: This is a hospital based prospective case series type of descriptive study conducted in Department of Orthopedics, SMS Medical College and Hospital, Jaipur. We studied 35 cases of infected non-union of femur and tibia fracture with interlock nail in situ. All patients were treated with interlock nail removal, debridement and freshening of sclerosed bony ends and fixation with ACIIN. All were followed for at least 6 months for infection control and bony union and final results were evaluated by Paley’s bony criteria and functional criteria.Results: Infection was controlled in 94.28% cases. Bony union was achieved in 88.57% cases (19 femur and 12 tibia). Average duration for bony union was 7.3 months for femur and 8 months for tibia. According to Paley’s criteria for bony outcome and functional outcome 65.71% and 51.43% had shown excellent outcome respectively.Conclusions: ACIIN is a good modality for treatment of infected non union of tibia and femur in terms of infection control and bony union and has a good functional outcome when bone gap is less

Outcome analysis of surgical management of comminuted quadrilateral plate acetabulum fractures

Background: The acetabular quadrilateral fractures are difficult to treat and ORIF using a spring plate buttressing the quadrilateral surface underneath an iliopectenial plate in a 90-90 construct. The aim of the study was to assess the clinical and radiological outcome, success rate and proportion of the post-operative complications of surgical management of comminuted quadrilateral plate acetabulum fractures after ORIF.Methods: It was a hospital based descriptive type of observational study conducted in the Department of Orthopedics, SMS Medical College. The data collection was done from May 2016 up to June 2018. The sample size was 31 for the study purpose, at 95% confidence limits and 20% relative allowable error.Results: We studied 31 patients of communited quadrilateral plate fractures, who were evaluated preoperatively and optimized. ORIF was performed. The mean blood loss was 450 ml and the mean operating time was 130 minutes. The patients were followed up at 1 year postoperatively where 24 patients had an excellent to good Harris Hip clinical score and 24 patients had an excellent to good Matta radiological score, and both were found to be statistically significant.Conclusions: Comminuted quadrilateral plate fractures of the acetabulum are managed surgically by ORIF using a spring buttressing plate beneath the infrapectenial plate. The clinical and radiological follow up for one year duration scores showed good scores which were statistically significant, indicating the success of quadrilateral fixation using this technique.

EFFECT OF NISTHUSHAYADIKWATHA AND PHALATRIKADI KWATHA IN AMLAPITHA– A RANDOMISED COMPARATIVE CLINICAL STUDY

Amlapitta may be a clinical entity manifesting within the Annavaha Srotas. Kashyapa and Madhava have described this disease thoroughly. Amlapitta has become quite common because of the change within the food and life styles, sophistication and a stressful life. It is characterized by Avipaka, Klama, Tiktodhgara, Amlodhgara, Gaurava, Hritkanthadaha and Aruchi indicating the Vikruthi of Pachakapitta, Kledakakapha and Samanavata. The etiological factors and therefore the symptomatology manifested relate Amlapitta to diseases mentioned under Acid Peptic Disorders. Nistushayadi Kwatha and Phalatrikadi kwatha were selected. The main objectives of the study are to study and compare the effect of Nistushayadi Kwatha and effect of Phalatrikadi kwatha in the management of Amlapitta. A total of 40 patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were selected, and randomly assigned into two groups i.e., Group A and Group B, comprising of 20 patients each. Group A and Group B were administered Nistushayadi kwatha and Phalatrikadi Kwatha respectively for 30 days. Both the groups were advised Pathya Ahara. They were followed up after every 10th days. After the intervention the Samanya Lakshana of Amlapitta were observed, recorded and assessed. The overall assessment of both the groups, where group A receives Nistushyadi kwatha and group B Phalatrikadi kwatha shows promising improvement in the subjective parameters. Assessment was done using unpaired ‘t’ test between these two groups, the result was not quite statistically significant which means there is no much difference in the efficacy of these two formulation in the management of Amlapitta. Both the formulations shown nearly same outcome in the improvement of disease parameter. The reduction in the symptoms were started to be noticed by 7th day where the patients had reduction in Hrutkantha Daha, Aruchi, Kanthadaha and Angagourav. These symptoms resolved by 30th day

Intramedullary Dermoid Cyst- A Rare Case Report

A 35 years old male came with complaints of low back ache radiating to right lower limb and is associated with tingling numbness and thin stream of urine since 1 year. Radiograph lumbo-scaral spine came out to be normal and thus MRI lumbo-sacral spine was done which revealed an intramedullary spinal tumour. Subsequent CT scan was done for the patient. Considering the tumour characteristics, diagnosis of intramedullary dermoid was made

A support vector machine-based method for predicting the propensity of a protein to be soluble or to form inclusion body on overexpression in Escherichia coli

Motivation: Inclusion body formation has been a major deterrent for overexpression studies since a large number of proteins form insoluble inclusion bodies when overexpressed in Escherichia coli. The formation of inclusion bodies is known to be an outcome of improper protein folding; thus the composition and arrangement of amino acids in the proteins would be a major influencing factor in deciding its aggregation propensity. There is a significant need for a prediction algorithm that would enable the rational identification of both mutants and also the ideal protein candidates for mutations that would confer higher solubility-on-overexpression instead of the presently used trial-and-error procedures. Results: Six physicochemical properties together with residue and dipeptide-compositions have been used to develop a support vector machine-based classifier to predict the overexpression status in E.coli. The prediction accuracy is ~72% suggesting that it performs reasonably well in predicting the propensity of a protein to be soluble or to form inclusion bodies. The algorithm could also correctly predict the change in solubility for most of the point mutations reported in literature. This algorithm can be a useful tool in screening protein libraries to identify soluble variants of proteins

Sensorless Temperature Estimation for Lithium-ion Batteries via Online Impedance Acquisition

Temperature plays a significant role in the safety, performance, and lifespan of lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries. To guarantee the safe, efficient, and long-lasting operations of batteries, one of the fundamental tasks of the battery management system (BMS) is to monitor battery temperature during operations. Nevertheless, subject to limited onboard temperature sensors, it becomes challenging for the BMS to obtain the temperature information of each cell in a battery system. To this end, this paper proposes a novel method to estimate the state of temperature (SOT) of batteries in real time based on the electrochemical impedance of batteries without the need for temperature sensors. By taking advantage of the smart battery architecture, the battery impedance at 5 Hz, which exhibit dependency on battery temperature while independency on the state of charge (SOC), can be obtained online via the bypass action. During battery operations, the impedance of the battery can be obtained through periodic bypass action and a designed filter. A simple impedance-temperature relationship that is calibrated offline, can be used to estimate and track the cell temperature. Experiments on charging show that the online calculated battery impedance has strong correlations to battery temperature, indicating its effectiveness in SOT estimation