Phase Behaviour, Fluid Properties and Recovery Efficiency of Immiscible and Miscible Condensate Displacements by SCCO2 Injection: Experimental Investigation

This paper presents a quantitative investigation of the interfacial tension dependent relative permeability (IFT-DRP) and displacement efficiency of supercritical CO2 injection into gas-condensate reservoirs. A high-pressure high-temperature experimental laboratory was established to simulate reservoir conditions and to perform relative permeability measurements on sandstone cores at a constant reservoir temperature of 95°C and displacement velocity of 10 cm/h. This investigation covers immiscible displacements (1100 and 2100 psi), near-miscible displacement (3000 psi) and miscible displacements (4500 and 5900 psi).The coreflooding results demonstrated that displacement pressure is a key factor governing the attainment of optimum sweep efficiency. The ultimate condensate recovery increased by almost threefold when CO2 was injected at near-miscible conditions (i.e., 23.40% ultimate recovery at 1100 psi compared to 69.70% at 3000 psi). Miscible flooding was found to give the optimum condensate recovery (9% extra ultimate recovery compared to near-miscible injection). Besides improving the ultimate recovery, miscible floods provided better mobility ratios and delayed gas breakthrough (0.62 PV BT at 5900 psi compared to 0.21 PV BT at 1100 psi). In addition to the elimination of IFT forces in miscible displacements, favourable ratios of fluid properties and phase behaviour relationships between the SCCO2 and condensate were believed to be the driving force for the improved recovery as they provided a stabilising effect on the displacement front and stimulated swelling of the condensate volume.This paper incorporates the theoretical aspects of phase behaviour and fluid properties that largely affect the microscopic displacement efficiency and serves as a practical guideline for operators to aid their project designs and enhance their recovery capabilities

Business Strategy and Cost of Bank Loans

Following Miles and Snow’s Business Strategy (BS) topology, we find that banks impose relatively higher loan spreads for the firms that follow an Innovation-Oriented Business Strategy (IOBS). We further document that IOBS is positively associated with corporate risk measures such as variances in equity returns and returns on assets. Overall, our findings suggest that banks charge a higher cost of debt in anticipation of borrowers’ payback riskiness from an IOBS

Pengaruh Pengurusan Disiplin Sekolah, Tingkah Laku Buli Murid dan Estim Kendiri Murid Terhadap Kualiti Kehidupan Murid: Suatu Pemerhatian Awal

Kajian ini membincangkan pengaruh pengurusan disiplin sekolah, tingkah laku buli murid dan estim kendiri murid terhadap kualiti kehidupan murid. Pengurusan disiplin sekolah merupakan aspek yang penting dalam memastikan kehidupan murid lebih berkualiti tinggi. Setiap sekolah mempunyai sistem peraturan masing-masing yang diwujudkan bagi membendung masalah disiplin para murid. Sungguhpun begitu, murid sering mempamerkan tingkah laku yang negatif walaupun peraturan sudah ditetapkan. Matlamat Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia (KPM) juga adalah untuk memupuk modal insan dengan kualiti, disiplin, moral, etika, daya saing dan keseimbangan dalam aspek fizikal, mental, intelektual dan sosial. Sekolah bertanggungjawab untuk merealisasikan hasrat Kementerian ini. Konteks kajian ini berfokus kepada keempat-empat variabel iaitu pengurusan disiplin murid sekolah, tingkah laku buli murid, estim kendiri murid, dan kualiti kehidupan murid juga merupakan variabel bebas dalam kajian yang mana terdapat satu dimensi iaitu pembuli. Kualiti kehidupan pula menjadi variabel bersandar dan variabel mediator dalam kajian ini pula ialah estim kendiri murid. Oleh itu, kajian ini akan menganalisis segala konsep yang berkaitan dengan keempat-empat pemboleh ubah tersebut menggunakan sorotan kajian lepas daripada pelbagai bidang yang berkaitan

Exploring the Affordable Housing Solutions for the Resettlement Projects of Padma Bridge

The construction of Padma Bridge in Bangladesh has necessitated the resettlement of displaced residents, highlighting the need for affordable and sustainable housing solutions aligned with Sustainable Development Goals 9 (Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure), 10 (Reduce inequality), and 11 (Sustainable Cities and Communities). This study aims to engage undergraduate architecture students in a design studio exercise to develop innovative housing models for resettlement projects, addressing displaced communities' social, economic, and environmental challenges. A multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) framework is introduced, integrating stakeholder data. In the design studio, students explore housing alternatives and concentrate on community-driven cooperative housing, assessing their effectiveness, feasibility, and sustainability using the MCDA framework. The exercise produces a range of housing solutions that balance affordability, sustainability, and community-centric design. Students demonstrate the potential of novel approaches to address the complex challenges displaced communities face and contribute to equitable development in Bangladesh. Engaging architecture students in developing affordable housing solutions provides valuable insights for policymakers and stakeholders in resettlement. The study emphasizes the need for holistic, participatory approaches and highlights the role of innovative, sustainable housing models in enhancing the quality of life for those affected by the Padma Bridge project, aligning with the SDGs

Hubungan Pengurusan Disiplin Sekolah dan Kualiti Kehidupan Murid di Semenanjung Utara Malaysia

Pengurusan disiplin sekolah merupakan aspek yang penting dalam memastikan kehidupan murid lebih berkualiti tinggi. Setiap sekolah mempunyai sistem peraturan masing-masing yang diwujudkan bagi membendung masalah disiplin para murid. Sungguhpun begitu, murid sering mempamerkan tingkah laku yang negatif walaupun peraturan sudah ditetapkan. Ini menunjukkan bahawa sistem pengurusan disiplin sekolah masih lagi tidak diber penekanan dalam memastikan kehidupan murid lebih berkualiti. Justeru, kajian ini dijalankan bagi mengenal pasti hubungan pengurusan disiplin sekolah dan kualiti kehidupan murid sekolah menengah di Semenanjung Utara Malaysia. Seramai 539 orang murid tingkatan empat terlibat dalam kajian ini yang dipilih menggunakan pensampelan pelbagai peringkat. Instrumen pengurusan disiplin sekolah mengandungi 18 item yang diadaptasikan daripada Kalaichalvi (2012). Di samping itu, instrumen kualiti kehidupan murid mengandungi sepuluh item dan diolah daripada Stegar et al. (2006). Dapatan menunjukkan bahawa tahap pengurusan disiplin sekolah adalah tinggi (M=4.09), manakala kualiti kehidupan murid turut berada pada tahap yang tinggi (M=3,94). Keputusan kajian turut mendapati bahawa terhadap hubungan positif yang sederhana di antara kedua-dua pemboleh ubah dengan nilai korelasi, r = 0.45. Secara keseluruhannya, pengurusan disiplin sekolah mempunyai peranan yang besar dalam membentuk kualiti kehidupan seseorang murid. Mereka akan lebih patuh dan mempamerkan tingkah laku yang unggul sekiranya tahap pengurusan disiplin di sesuatu sekolah ditadbir dengan baik

Melting and solidification characteristics of a double-pipe latent heat storage system with sinusoidal wavy channels embedded in a porous medium

The aim of this investigation is to explore the combined effects of porous medium and surface waviness on the melting and solidification of PCM inside a vertical double-pipe latent heat storage (LHTES) system. The results are compared with the cases of smooth channels and pure PCM. In the system, water is passed through the inner tube while composite PCM is placed in the annulus side. Different effective parameters including wavelength and wave amplitude of the sinusoidal wavy channels, porosity and pore size of the porous structure, Reynolds number and inlet temperature of water are examined to find the optimum geometric as well as operating conditions in both melting/solidification processes. The results show that utilizing both the high conductive porous structure and wavy channel reduces the melting/solidification times significantly. For the best case, the melting and solidification times of PCM reduce by 91.4% and 96.7%, respectively, compared with the smooth channels pure PCM system. The average rate of transferred heat for the wavy channel composite PCM are 10.4 and 18.9 times that for the smooth channel pure PCM case. Comparing with the pure PCM system, the presence of copper foam reduces the effect of channel waviness significantly for both melting/solidification processes

VULVOVAGINAL CANDIDIASIS PREVALENCE AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN IN DIFFERENT HOSPITALS IN IBB, YEMEN

 Background and aims: Candida species are opportunistic yeasts that affect the genital urinary tract that causes vulvovaginal candidiasis in the most females, particularly in developing countries. This work aims to find the prevalence of vulvovaginal candidiasis among pregnant women in Ibb, Yemen. Material and methods: Two hundred and eighteen samples of females attending outpatient obstetrics and gynecology clinics were chosen from several hospitals (Al-Thawra, Maternity and Childhood Center, Maternal Reproductive Health Center, and Nasser General Hospital) located in Ibb, from December 2019 to March 2020. The laboratory works were performed in the microbiology department of Al-Thawra Hospital, Ibb. Vaginal swabs were cultivated on Sabouraud dextrose agar, then the species of Candida identification and anti-fungal sensitivity tests were performed regarding the standard procedure of microbiology. Results: The findings revealed that out of 218 cases, 134 (61.5%) were infected with Candida species, and the rate of candidiasis was higher among women coming from rural areas than among women in urban areas; and in the age group 28-37 years. C. albicans (61.2%) were the most prevalent species followed by C. tropicalis (21.64%), C. glabrata (11.19%), and C. kefyr (5.97%). Susceptibility tests showed that the most isolated Candida species were sensitive to nystatin (94.8), fluconazole (91.04%), amphotericin B (88.80%), voriconazole (78.35%), clotrimazole (75.37%), ketoconazole (73.13%), and itraconazole (69.40%). Conclusion: It can be concluded that Candida vaginitis is very common among pregnant women, and the tested anti-fungal agents continue to be effective against all isolates of Candida species. In contrast, there was a slight increase resistant against itraconazole, ketoconazole, clotrimazole, and voriconazole which raises concern about a rise in Candida species that are resistant to these drugs.                    Peer Review History: Received 27 June 2020; Revised 15 July; Accepted 12 August, Available online 15 September 2020 Academic Editor: Dr. Muhammad Zahid Iqbal, AIMST University, Malaysia, [email protected] UJPR follows the most transparent and toughest ‘Advanced OPEN peer review’ system. The identity of the authors and, reviewers will be known to each other. This transparent process will help to eradicate any possible malicious/purposeful interference by any person (publishing staff, reviewer, editor, author, etc) during peer review. As a result of this unique system, all reviewers will get their due recognition and respect, once their names are published in the papers. We expect that, by publishing peer review reports with published papers, will be helpful to many authors for drafting their article according to the specifications. Auhors will remove any error of their article and they will improve their article(s) according to the previous reports displayed with published article(s). The main purpose of it is ‘to improve the quality of a candidate manuscript’. Our reviewers check the ‘strength and weakness of a manuscript honestly’. There will increase in the perfection, and transparency. Received file:                Reviewer's Comments: Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 6.5/10 Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 8.5/10 Reviewer(s) detail: Ashwaq Ali Hezam Al-Arossi, Sana'a University, Yemen, [email protected] Prof. Dr. Hassan A.H. Al-Shamahy, Sana'a University, Yemen, [email protected] Dr. A.A. Mgbahurike, University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria, [email protected] Similar Articles: PREVALENCE AND RISK FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH VULVOVAGINAL CANDIDIASIS DURING PREGNANCY IN SANA'A, YEMEN TETANUS IMMUNIZATION AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN: COVERAGE RATE AND RATE OF PROTECTION AT TIME OF DELIVER