An Exploratory Study on E-Commerce System in Banking Sector: Internal Auditor's Perception on Risk and Control Environment

In the development of Electronic Commerce in Malaysia, the banking sectors have already prepared and implemented the Internet Banking, which also known as virtual banking transaction for customers. The biggest challenge in electronic commerce implementation is to overcome the issues of security control, customer identification and account verification for online transaction. Despite of the growth of internet banking, lack of adequate legal framework especially for auditors and lack of security control will hamper the continued progress of this evolutionary process. Therefore, this study has been conducted to examine the internal auditor's perception, in general, on the risks, auditing problems and security measurement concerning with e-commerce or the internet banking transaction. This is an exploratory study which was conducted on the 16 domestic banks in Malaysia, including commercial banks and finance banks. The sample was chosen by using the non probability sampling specifically on the judgment sampling. The specific location is the Klang Valley area in the state of Selangor. The data was collected through personal interview, a developed questionnaires and various sources of journals and publications. From the data analysis, all the respondents agreed that the two most important perceived risk by internal auditors are security risk for unauthorization and computer fraud. The downtime computer system and electronic payment systems were ranked as the two most common problem with auditing e-commerce. Relating to e-commerce implementation, the most important factor perceived on control measurement are security control and integrity control. This finding suggest that a better security improvement should be taken by the banks with a very tight IT security policy. The increase in security awareness especially in banking sector will minimize the potential fraud and losses and indirectly improve the customers trust and confidence in using the bank products

DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF AUTONOMOUS VEHICLE FOR LETTER/PARCEL DELIVERY

In our everyday life, robots have been playing a big role in helping human with many kinds of works. Autonomous robots are being used in the industry, military, medical and also as a help in our everyday chores. In our everyday lives, sending parcels and letters around office can be a hectic work if the area of delivery is large. Distributing parcels and letters in an office area is a simple work yet carrying something from a place to another can be time consuming and also tiring. The objective of this project is basically to design an autonomous robot that can function as a delivery robot to help distribute parcel and letters to specific addresses assigned. The robot is able to navigate its movement in order to complete the task, which is to deliver parcel and letters to the assigned location using line tracking sensors. The robot is also equipped with a few mechanisms which are pulley system and chain mechanism and in order to ensure that the robot can execute its task, programming work is also needed. For this project, the autonomous mobile is equipped with two brushless dc motor and three line tracking sensors for the movement and also two power window motors for the pulley system and also three object sensors that will help the robot to transfer the parcels and deliver them to their rightful owners

Syariah based accounting (SbA): awareness of the accounting academicians in Malaysia

Financial reporting based on Syari'ah is very important to ensure reliability and usefulness of information. The Accounting and Auditing Organisation for Islamic Financial Institutions (AAOIFI) has developed various accounting and auditing standards to ensure the quality of financial reports produced by institutions involved in Islamic products. The Malaysian Accounting Standards Board (MASB) has also taken the effort to come out with FRS-i-1, Presentation of Financial Statements of Islamic Financial Institutions (formerly known as MASB-i-1), to follow in the footsteps of AAOIFI. The education sector could take part in this caravan by updating the curriculum to incorporate the changes that are happening to better prepare the future workforce. However, very few institutions of higher learning in Malaysia offer Syari'ah-based Accounting (SbA) courses in their accounting programmes. The purpose of this study is to identify the level of awareness and knowledge of accounting academicians on SbA and to determine whether there is a need to offer SbA courses in institutions of higher learning so as to equip future accountants with SbA knowledge. Therefore, the objective of this study is to examine the level of awareness of SbA amongst accounting academicians and to understand reasons for higher learning institutions in Malaysia to offer SbA courses in their accounting programmes in the future. The respondents of this study were 40 accounting lecturers from selected Malaysian public institutions of higher learning. This study showed that there was a high degree of awareness among the academicians who agreed that SbA is needed to account for Islamic products and the majority agreed that SbA should be offered at institutions of higher learning. This study has several implications for society, government policies and education sectors. The academicians foresee the future needs of SbA in order to meet the demand in the Islamic Capital Market

Syari'ah-based accounting (sbA): awareness of accounting academicians in Malaysia

Financial reporting based on Syari'ah is very important to ensure reliability and usefulness of information. The Accounting and Auditing Organisation for Islamic Financial Institutions (AAOIFI) has developed various accounting and auditing standards to ensure the quality of financial reports produced by institutions involved in Islamic products. The Malaysian Accounting Standards Board (MASB) has also taken the effort to come out with FRS-i-1, Presentation of Financial Statements of Islamic Financial Institutions (formerly known as MASB-i-1), to follow in the footsteps of AAOIFI. The education sector could take part in this caravan by updating the curriculum to incorporate the changes that are happening to better prepare the future workforce. However, very few institutions of higher learning in Malaysia offer Syari'ah-based Accounting (SbA) courses in their accounting programmes. The purpose of this study is to identify the level of awareness and knowledge of accounting academicians on SbA and to determine whether there is a need to offer SbA courses in institutions of higher learning so as to equip future accountants with SbA knowledge. Therefore, the objective of this study is to examine the level of awareness of SbA amongst accounting academicians and to understand reasons for higher learning institutions in Malaysia to offer SbA courses in their accounting programmes in the future. The respondents of this study were 40 accounting lecturers from selected Malaysian public institutions of higher learning. This study showed that there was a high degree of awareness among the academicians who agreed that SbA is needed to account for Islamic products and the majority agreed that SbA should be offered at institutions of higher learning. This study has several implications for society, government policies and education sectors. The academicians foresee the future needs of SbA in order to meet the demand in the Islamic Capital Market

The MCTG bank's fraud case: does anyone matter?

This case discusses the issues related to violation of business ethics and the intentional fraud committed by banks’ employees. In addition, this case also addresses some issues on internal control system and code of ethics, and how these issues can be solved by the top management and at managerial level. Information about the company’s background and activities are highlighted to assist the case study for further discussion. Finally, the case explores some possible ways for the company to take appropriate action in order to enhance its reputation and mitigate fraud

DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF AUTONOMOUS VEHICLE FOR LETTER/PARCEL DELIVERY

In our everyday life, robots have been playing a big role in helping human with many kinds of works. Autonomous robots are being used in the industry, military, medical and also as a help in our everyday chores. In our everyday lives, sending parcels and letters around office can be a hectic work if the area of delivery is large. Distributing parcels and letters in an office area is a simple work yet carrying something from a place to another can be time consuming and also tiring. The objective of this project is basically to design an autonomous robot that can function as a delivery robot to help distribute parcel and letters to specific addresses assigned. The robot is able to navigate its movement in order to complete the task, which is to deliver parcel and letters to the assigned location using line tracking sensors. The robot is also equipped with a few mechanisms which are pulley system and chain mechanism and in order to ensure that the robot can execute its task, programming work is also needed. For this project, the autonomous mobile is equipped with two brushless dc motor and three line tracking sensors for the movement and also two power window motors for the pulley system and also three object sensors that will help the robot to transfer the parcels and deliver them to their rightful owners

Contingency factors influencing MAS design of manufacturing firms in Malaysia

From a contingency framework, this paper empirically examines the relationship between decentralization, advanced manufacturing technology (AMT) and market competition on the adoption of sophisticated management accounting system (MAS) design among manufacturing firms in Malaysia. Using a structured questionnaire and regression analysis, data from 137 manufacturing firms from Malaysia show that the sophistication of MAS adopted is significantly and positively related with AMT adoption and market competition. The findings suggests that the adoption of sophisticated MAS design is parallel with the adoption of advanced manufacturing innovations and is able to assist firms to cope with the changes in the business environment. However, a positive but insignificant relationship was observed in the relationship between decentralization and MAS design. These results have contributed to the management accounting change literature by suggesting that attempts by the MAS designers to improve the timeliness and the scope of the information are of particular relevance to the managers of the firm

The relationship between environment operational performance and environmental disclosure of Nigerian listed companies

The increase in natural resources consumption by Nigerian companies has raised concern about environmental impact of such activities. Nigerian government and other stakeholders pressured these companies to be environmentally friendly or risk their legitimacy. This obliges the companies resort to environmental disclosure to counter the theat. However, the disclosure is doubted whether it is a true reflection of the performance. This is due to a green-wash problem, where those companies whose legitimacy is threatened present high-level of disclosure to avoid sanctions. Though, voluntary disclosure theory asserts that high-performing companies disclose quality environmental items to achieve favourable selection from the stakeholders. This study examined the relationship between the environment operational performance and environmental disclosure of the companies listed in the Nigerian Stock Exchange. A survey method and content analysis of the companies' annual reports was used to obtain data on the performance and the disclosure. Where OLS, 2SLS and 3SLS regression analysis showed a significant negative relationship between the environment operational performance and overall environmental disclosure and disclosure level. However, there is no statistical evidence to support the relationship between the performance and disclosure quality. This study contributes to the understanding of the green-wash issue about environmental disclosure by the Nigerian companies. It unveils non-appreciation of quality disclosure by the companies to achieve selection preference. Also, the use of environment operational performance measure provides an alternative approach to the test of the relationships. The limitation of the study is hinged in using cross-sectional data and its small sample size

A Comparative Analysis between Shariah Audit and Shariah Review in Islamic Banks in Malaysia: Practitioners’ Perspective

This paper compares Shariah audit and Shariah review in Islamic banks in Malaysia based on reporting structure, independence, the scope of duties, technology used, guideline and methodology, coverage period, and officers’ qualification. The study employs a qualitative method by utilizing semi-structured interviews with nine (9) key industry players. Data gathered from a series of interviews have been transcripted and analyzed using Atlas.ti. This study uncovers that Shariah review and Shariah audit have apparent differences and play their roles as a second and third line of defense, respectively, that eventually could provide a stimulus to Shariah governance and strengthen market confidence.  Keywords: Shariah audit, Shariah review, Islamic banks, qualitative method. eISSN: 2398-4287© 2020. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer-review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v5i14.220

Comparison of Dairy Goat Milk Production between Two Different Community Farmers in Besut, Terengganu, Malaysia.

The objectives of this study were to determine whether differences in goats milk production of milk between 2 community farms in Besut, Besut District, Terengganu and subsequently to evaluate the milk production by individual animals for both farms. In addition, this study was conducted to compare of late lactation period milk production between the origin of goats (UniSZA dairy goats and non–UniSZA goats) for different age groups of the goat. The does were hand-milked once a day from the 2 farms (Farm A n=7, Farm B n=5).  The milk yield was recorded.  The results showed that the milk production was insignificant (p > 0.05) between Farm A and Farm B. while, significantly different (p < 0.05) for milk among individual animals within 2 farms as well as due to different ages groups of the goats. The milk production between UniSZA goats and non- UniSZA goats was not significantly different (p > 0.05).It was concluded that milk production in the community farms in Besut was influenced by the individual age of the goats  regardless of the origin of the goats within the district