AT-303:Comparison of Sago and Sweet Sorghum for Ethanol production using Saccharomyces Cerevisiae

There is a growing interest in the application of bioethanol as biofuel since it has the possibility to be the potential substitute for fossil fuel. Selection of the best raw material for ethanol production is crucial for the substrate preparation. High amount of starch content is one of the important criteria in choosing the best suitable crop for bioethanol production. Two types of starchy crops, Sago and Sweet Sorghum are considered to have a high potential as an energy crop. The two-step enzymatic hydrolysis of sago and sweet sorghum were performed by commercially available α-amylase and glucoamylase enzyme. Further ethanol batch fermentation by Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain from the obtained hydrolysates of sago and sweet sorghum were studied. For both sago and sweet sorghum, the hydrolysis and fermentation were done in a 2 L stirred tank bioreactor, B-Braun fermenter, using the same process conditions. Each running was completed within 72 hours. The amount of glucose obtained after hydrolysis process was greater in sweet sorghum compared to sago, which are 50.07 and 48.7 g L-1, respectively. The amount of ethanol concentration also higher for sweet sorghum compared to sago at the 72 h fermentation process, which are 40.11 and 26 g L-1, respectively

Optimization of the nutrient supplements for cellulase production with the basal medium palm oil mill effluent

A statistical optimization was studied to design a media composition to produce optimum cellulolytic enzyme where palm oil mill effluent (POME) as a basal medium and filamentous fungus, Trichoderma reesei RUT-C30 were used in the liquid state bioconversion(LSB). 2% (w/v) total suspended solid, TSS, of the POME supplemented with 1% (w/v) cellulose, 0.5%(w/v) peptone and 0.02% (v/v) Tween 80 was estimated to produce the optimum CMCase activity of 18.53 U/ml through the statistical analysis followed by the faced centered central composite design(FCCCD). The probability values of cellulose (<0.0011) and peptone (0.0021) indicated the significant effect on the production of cellulase with the determination coefficient (R2) of 0.995

Determination of critical point of p02 L]level in the production of lactic acid by Lactobacillus rhamnosus

The study was conducted to determine the critical point of p02 level in the production of lactic acid by Lactobacillus rhamnosus. The fermentation process was successfully carried out in laboratory scale fermenteribioreactor using different p02 level (the main parameter that significantly affects the growth of L. rhamnosus and lactic acid production) together with two other parameters; the agitation rate and pH. From the result, it was observed that the best production of lactic acid with the concentration of 16.85 g L -1 or 1.68% production yield has been obtained at the operating parameters of 5% p02 level, agitation speed of 1 00 rpm and sample pH 6. The critical point of p02 was fOlUld to be between 5 and 10%

Esterification for butyl butyrate formation using Candida cylindracea lipase produced from palm oil mill effluent supplemented medium

The ability of Candida cylindracea lipase produced using palm oil mill effluent (POME) as a basal medium to catal yze the esterification reaction for butyl butyrate formation was investi-gated. Butyric acid and n-butanol were used as substrates at different molar ratios. Different con-version yields were observed according to the affinity of the produced lipase toward the substrates. The n -butanol to butyric acid molar ratio of 8 and lipase concentration of 75 U/mg gave the highest butyl butyrate formation of 63.33% based on the statistical optimization using face centered central composite design (FCCCD) after 12 h reaction. The esterification potential of the POME based lipase when compared with the commercial lipase from the same strain using the optimum levels was found to show a similar pattern. It can be concluded therefore that the produced lipase pos-sesses appropriate characteristics to be used as a biocatalyst in the esterification reactions for butyl butyrate formatio