The analysis of grid independence study in continuous disperse of MQL delivery system

A sustainable cutting method of Minimum Quantity Lubricant (MQL) was introduced to promote lubrication effect and improve machinability. However, its performances are very dependent on the effectiveness of its mist to penetrate deep into the cutting zone. Optimizing the MQL system requires massive experimental work that increases cost and time. Therefore, this study conducts Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) analysis using ANSYS Fluent and focuses on the grid independence study in dispersed-continuous phase of MQL delivery system. The main aim is to identify the best mesh model that influences the accuracy of the CFD model. The analysis proposed two different unstructured grid cell elements of quadrilateral and triangular that were only applicable for 2-dimensional fluid flow in CFD. The unstructured grid was controlled with three different mesh quality factors such as Relevance Center, Smoothing, and Span Angle Center at coarse /low, medium, and fine /high. The results showed that the best mesh quality for quadrilateral was at 60,000 nodes number and coarse mesh, whereas the triangular was at 90,000 nodes number and coarse mesh. Both combinations resulted the most consistent and reliable result when compared with past studies. However, this study decided to choose quadrilateral cell element with 60,000 nodes number and coarse mesh as it is considered to be sufficient to provide accurate and reliable result as well as practical in terms of computational time for the MQL model in CFD analysis

Innovative practice in producing competent Malaysian engineers

This study presents an innovative practice in the Malaysian engineering education system which originated from the historical development of Malaysian education. The historical development has instigated the two streams of Malaysian higher education sectors; public and private universities as well as the university programme offerings and the language of instruction. In order to extricate itself from the system introduced by the British, Malaysia has introduced an innovative element into its engineering practice. The research applies the qualitative approach whereby inductive and deductive analytical strategies were performed. The findings revealed that the Malaysian education system has advanced into an independent own mould engineering education system which is very much shaped by Islamic values and beliefs and, the Malaysian culture - with the aim of producing innovative and competent engineers to compete in this globalized world

Common european framework of reference rating scale: scaling its functionality through ESL learners’ self- and peer assessments

The Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR) was empirically derived from experienced teachers’ intuitive judgements and although it may seem adequate, assessment theorists argue on the absence of performance data-driven approach in structuring its rating scale. Therefore, the objective of this study was to gauge rating scale functioning of five CEFR oral assessment criteria (overall impression, range, accuracy, fluency and coherence), based on ratings awarded by intermediate ESL learners during self- and peer assessments of their speaking skills. Before learners embarked on awarding ratings to their own performance as well as their peers,’ they were trained to understand and apply the criteria and the corresponding ratings based on the benchmarked videos provided on the CEFR official website. Findings on rater measurement report suggest that learners were within productive measurement range based on their infit and outfit mean-squares and the reliability of their ratings was reported at 0.91. However, only four out of six rating categories were utilized in all five CEFR oral assessment criteria and this was illustrated through category probability curve for each criterion. The implications of the findings are discussed in view of learner performance and classroom instruction

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Book 9-11; Events; 1998-1999https://digitalcommons.buffalostate.edu/nu_scrapbook_events4/1219/thumbnail.jp