Pembuatan Minuman Instan Fungsional dari Bioaktif Pod Husk Kakao

This research consists of two stages in which the first stage aims to find out the weight of the best cocoa pod husk powder that can be produced instant cacao pod husk beverages. The results of the analysis of the antioxidant capacity levels of total phenol showed that the use of dried cocoa pod husk by ethanol solvent has the highest level of both total phenols and antioxidant capasity. The second phase activity aims to find out the levels of total phenols and antioxidant capacity of instant beverages from various extracts of cocoa pod husk. This study used a completely random design (CRD) with one factor which was consisting of four levels namely cocoa pod husk weight 5 g, 10 g, 15 g and 20 g. Maltodextrin 20 g and 10 g of sucrose was added to thicker the instant beverage. The analysis showed that the highest of total phenols and antioxidant capacity in the drink when used 20 g of cocoa pod husk. The best phenols and antioxidant capacity content was from 10 g cocoa pod husk extratraction thus this amount has to be used as standard to produce this instant drink

Working and corporate performance: case of Malaysia.

Working capital always being disregard in financial decision making since it involve investment and financing in short term period. However, it is an important component in firm financial management decision. An optimal working capital management is expected to contribute positively to the creation of firm value. To reach optimal working capital management firm manager should control the trade off between profitability and liquidity accurately. The intention of this study is to examine the relationship between working capital management and firm profitability. Cash conversion cycle is used as measure of working capital management. This study is used panel data of 1628 firm-year for the period of 1996-2006 that consist of six different economic sectors which are listed in Bursa Malaysia. The coefficient results of Pooled OLS regression analysis provide a strong negative significant relationship between cash conversion cycle and firm profitability. This reveals that reducing cash conversion period results to profitability increase. Thus, in purpose to create shareholder value, firm manager should concern on shorten of cash conversion cycle till optimal level is achieved

Single channel magnetic induction spectroscopy technique for fetal acidosis detection

Current fetal acidosis diagnosis needs an invasive measurement which required a doctor to puncture fetal scalp to acquire blood pH. This method introduced risk to the fetal which fetal scalp may bruise and infected. This paper discusses a noninvasive method employing a single channel magnetic induction spectroscopy technique as an alternative method to diagnose acidosis in fetal without puncturing the fetal scalp. The studies are based on numerical simulation models to investigate the most feasible sensor coil that is sensitive and effective to be implemented in hardware setup as the shape of coil influences directly the sensing performance of the magnetic induction spectroscopy system. The study has found that the circular coil is more sensitive than linear coil. The system tested with different pH samples to mimic the blood pH value. The result is very promising with good correlation approaching 1 has been achieved. Therefore, magnetic induction spectroscopy technique has good opportunity to be applied as an alternative method to detect acidosis in the fetal with circular coil is performed as the best sensing coils for MIS hardware

Charging management protocol for near field communication charging

The current multiplicity of mobile communication devices has provided an impetus for the research into new mechanisms to supplement battery charge. Wireless charging is a solution that serves to eliminate the cable requirements of typical battery charging implementations. Numerous wireless charging implementations are based on inductive coupling, similar to existing non-radiative short range communication systems. This study proposes incorporating a charge management protocol into the existing Near Field Communication Interface and Protocol-1 (NFCIP-1) specification to achieve NFC-enabled wireless charging. To this end, the original NFCIP-1 protocol has been modified through a time-sharing arrangement to support a charging task within the protocol cycle. Simulations of the modified protocol cycle were implemented using an appropriate battery model and charging algorithm. Numerical results show that the modified protocol is able to charge the target battery with minimum communication overhead. Satisfactory performance is also observed for charging up to 2 target devices in a single session

The Shift from Traditional Marketing to Entrepreneurial Marketing Practices: A Literature Review

Small and medium enterprise(SME) have always been an interesting subject for research. In comparison to larger business organizations, SMEs faced many challenges including how they manage daily marketing activities and make marketing related decision. This study compiles the related literature review on the issues of traditional marketing and entrepreneurial marketing. Purpose: This study aims to explore the role of marketing practices in small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) and to evaluate the impact of changes in marketing practices from traditional to entrepreneurial marketing practices will have an impact on the SME performance. Research methodology: A compilation of related literature review on traditional marketing and entrepreneurial marketing was done. An observation on the changes in marketing practices in small and medium enterprises towards a more innovative marketing practice were identified. Findings: Marketing in SMEs is centered on traditional methods such as using print media and hard selling. SME owners should take account of the findings and work towards introducing SME-specific marketing practices in trying to achieve higher sales volume and growth. In the study area which is Klang Valley, Malaysia the shift from traditional marketing to entrepreneurial marketing was observed amongst the SMEs being studied. Research limitations: This study uses a small number of SME companies in one region and therefore the generalizability of the findings may be limited. Further research could extend the number of SME companies and to other regions of Malaysia. Practical Implications: The findings have a bearing on the Malaysian SME performance. This study offers insights into how the marketing practices in Malaysian SMEs needs to be adapted in light of the findings to ensure marketing practices of SMEs are compatible with current digital approaches

A training monitoring system for cyclist based on wireless sensor networks

This paper presents a training monitoring system for cyclist that is based on the technology of wireless sensor networks (WSNs). A stable and reliable wireless cyclist monitoring system is vital to establish a smart and efficient sports management program. A training monitoring system has been developed and tested in a real cyclist training environment in a velodrome. The system is designed is such a way that the packet loss rate is minimum. Using TelG mote as the basis, customized sensor nodes that function as a forwarder node and the relay nodes are developed to form the WSN. This WSN is linked to the cloud network on the Internet. The cloud network is then established and end users application for data accessing is designed. Several experiments have been conducted in a real scenario in a velodrome to measure the reliability of the system architecture. It is shown from the experiments that the proposed system is reliable even when the cyclist is moving at a high speed. The packet loss is less than 2% which does not give a huge impact to the data transmission

A novel adaptive boundary search algorithm for solving facility layout problems

An highly effective algorithm is presented to solve open space facilities layout planning problems involving modules with constant aspect ratios. This algorithmm is a novel combination of steepest descent and corner search. Layout solutions produced by the proposed algorithm for well-known test problems were found superior to the published layouts as well as the best layouts produced by commercial layout design software VIPPLANOPT

The opportunity of magnetic induction tomography modality in breast cancer detection

The needs for non-invasive technique in breast cancer detection could enhance and preserve the future of medical field in Malaysia as well as countries around the world. Breast cancer has become the main concern nowadays not only for women but for man as well. In overall, the risk of women getting breast cancer is higher than man due to the denser tissue of breast in women compare to man. Beside the unawareness for the disease, the reason which contributes to this increasing number of breast cancer reported is also due to the limitations arising from modalities such as MRI, Mammography, ultrasound and other modalities. An alternative to current technologies should be improved for early detection and treatment which causes no physical harm to patients if possible. Thus, non-invasive and better technology in detecting breast cancer is very much needed in the current market. This paper will be discussing the insights of Magnetic Induction Tomography techniques in breast cancer detection

Wood fuel consumption and mortality rates in Sub-Saharan Africa: evidence from a dynamic panel study

This study examined the impact of wood fuel consumption on health outcomes, specifically under-five and adult mortality in Sub-Saharan Africa, where wood usage for cooking and heating is on the increase. Generalized method of moment (GMM) estimators were used to estimate the impact of wood fuel consumption on under-five and adult mortality (and also male and female mortality) in the region. The findings revealed that wood fuel consumption had significant positive impact on under-five and adult mortality. It suggests that over the studied period, an increase in wood fuel consumption has increased the mortality of under-five and adult. Importantly, it indicated that the magnitude of the effect of wood fuel consumption was more on the under-five than the adults. Similarly, assessing the effect on a gender basis, it was revealed that the effect was more on female than male adults. This finding suggests that the resultant mortality from wood smoke related infections is more on under-five children than adults, and also are more on female adults than male adults. We, therefore, recommended that an alternative affordable, clean energy source for cooking and heating should be provided to reduce the wood fuel consumption